Browsing by Publisher "Galenos Publishing House"
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Item Tubularised incised plate urethroplasty is an applicable method for the treatment of the hypospadiac type of urethral duplication(Galenos Publishing House, 2011) Yilmaz Ö.; Günşar C.Urethral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly usually seen in males. We present a case of urethral duplication treated by a tubularised incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU) technique. A 5-year-old male boy was admitted to the clinic with the complaints of thin calibrated urinating and diurnal enuresis. We diagnosed distal penile hypospadias. During the operation, another urethral opening was found proximal to the previously seen hypospadiac meatus, localised on the coronary sulcus. We performed the TIPU procedure without excising the duplicated urethra. We only excised the common wall between the two urethras, and used the dorsal urethral plate of the duplicated urethra for tubularisation of the neourethra. The postoperative course was uneventful. A cystoscopy was done for suspected urogenital sinus. There was no further complaint at the third postoperative month. The TIPU technique can be successfully applied in such cases. The dorsal plate of the duplicated urethra can be used to form the neourethra. © Trakya University Faculty of Medicine.Item Contribution of kinetic characteristics of axillary lymph nodes to the diagnosis in breast magnetic resonance imaging(Galenos Publishing House, 2012) Örgüç S.; Başara I.; Pekindil G.; Coşkun T.Objective: To assess the contribution of kinetic characteristics in the discrimination of malignant-benign axillary lymph nodes. Material and Methods: One hundred fifty-five female patients were included in the study. Following magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations postprocessing applications were applied, dynamic curves were obtained from subtracted images. Types of dynamic curves were correlated with histopathological results in malignant cases or final clinical results in patients with no evidence of malignancy. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likehood ratio (+LHR), negative (-LHR) of dynamic curves characterizing the axillary lymph nodes were calculated. Results: A total of 178 lymph nodes greater than 8 mm were evaluated in 113 patients. Forty-six lymph nodes in 24 cases had malignant axillary involvement. 132 lymph nodes in 89 patients with benign diagnosis were included in the study. The sensitivity of type 3 curve as an indicator of malignancy was calculated as 89%. However the specificity, +LHR, -LHR were calculated as 14%, 1.04, 0.76 respectively. Conclusion: Since kinetic analysis of both benign and malignant axillary lymph nodes, rapid enhancement and washout (type 3) they cannot be used as a discriminator, unlike breast lesions. MRI, depending on the kinetic features of the axillary lymph nodes, is not high enough to be used in the clinical management of breast cancer patients. © Trakya University Faculty of Medicine.Item Molecular diversity of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Western Turkey(Galenos Publishing House, 2012) Sürücüoǧlu S.; Günal S.; Özkütük N.; Biçmen C.; Özsöz A.; Gazi H.; Durmaz R.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular diversity and clonal relationship of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Western Turkey. Materials and Methods: A total of 87 strains isolated between 2006 and 2009, eight of which were rifampicin monoresistant and 79 were multidrug resistant, were analyzed with IS6110 RFLP and spoligotyping methods. Results: The results of spoligotyping showed that 7% of the strains were orphans, and 8% were undefined for family in the SpolDB4 database. Major families of the strains were LAM (38%), T (35%), Haarlem (7%), Beijing (2%), S (2%) and U (1%) families. The clustering rate by spoligotyping was calculated as 75%. The most predominant SIT cluster was SIT41 (29%). According to the results of IS6110 RFLP, 71 different patterns of IS6110 were observed. Low copy number was found in 26% of the strains. When the results of two methods were combined, the final clustering rate was calculated as 26%. Conclusions: The genotypical distribution of drug resistant tuberculosis isolates in our region indicates genetic diversity and the clustering rate was found low in our region. However, more comprehensive and long-term molecular epidemiological studies are needed to control the drug resistant strains. © Trakya University Faculty of Medicine.Item General characteristics and prognostic factors of pneumonia cases developed during pandemic (H1N1) influenza-a virus infection in Turkey(Galenos Publishing House, 2013) Özlu T.; Bülbül Y.; Taşbakan S.; Kiliç H.; Kuyucu T.; Yildiz T.; Özdemir T.; Duru S.; Öztuna F.; Adigüzel N.; Saǧlam L.; Coşkun A.S.; Örnek T.; Gündüz G.; Filiz A.; Özdemir L.; Okumuş G.Objective: Unlike seasonal influenza, seen in previous years, the strain identified in the 2009 influenza-A pandemic involved high mortality. In this study, prognostic factors and general characteristics of pneumonia cases developed in Turkey during the H1N1 pandemic between October 2009 and January 2010 were analyzed. Study Design: Multicenter retrospective study. Material and Methods: This multicentric retrospective study was conducted between August and October 2010 and patients' data were collected by means of standard forms. Results: The study included 264 pneumonia cases, collected from 14 different centers. Mean age was 47.5±18.6 years. Nineteen patients (7.2%) were pregnant or had a new birth and comorbid diseases were detected in 52.3% of all patients. On admission, 35 (13.8%) cases had altered mental status. Overall, 32.6% were treated in intensive care units (ICU) and invasive/non-invasive mechanical ventilation was performed in 29.7%. The mean duration of ICU stay was 2.9±6.2 and total hospital stay was 12.0±9.4 days. Mortality rate was 16.8% (43-cases). The length of ICU treatment, total hospital stay, and mortality were significantly higher in H1N1-confirmed patients. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with dyspnea, cyanosis, and those who had altered mental status on admission. Patients who died had significantly higher rate of peripheral blood neutrophils, lower platelet counts, higher BUN, and lower SaO2 levels. Conclusion: This study showed that pneumonia developed during H1N1 pandemic in our country had resulted in a high mortality. Mortality was especially high among patients with cyanosis, altered mental state and those with lower SaO2. © Trakya University Faculty of Medicine.Item Assessment of the relationship between Vitamin D level and non-specific musculoskeletal system pain: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (Stroke Study Group); [Vitamin D Düzeyi ile Non-spesifik Kas İskelet Sistemi Ağrıları Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi: Çok Merkezli Retrospektif Bir Çalışma (İnme Çalışma Grubu)](Galenos Publishing House, 2017) Yavuz Karahan A.; Hüner B.; Kuran B.; Sezer N.; Çelik C.; Salbaş E.; Ordahan B.; Karaca G.; Yılmaz H.; Gündüz B.; Erhan B.; Buğdaycı D.S.; Bardak A.; Paker N.; Külcü D.G.; Yalıman A.; Atalay N.Ş.; Yıldız N.; İçağasıoğlu A.; Başaran S.; Tıkız C.; Kaydok E.; Kaya T.; Karataş G.K.; Baygutalp F.; Çelebi G.; Yılmaz F.; Öneş K.; Akkuş S.; Yumuşakhuylu Y.; Durlanık G.; Doğu B.; Öncü J.; Sarı A.; Özkan F.Ü.; Kaysın M.Y.; Taşkıran Ö.Ö.; Erol A.M.; Eskiyurt N.Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D level and pain severity, localization and duration in atients with non-specific musculoskeletal pain.Materials and Methods: Patients who applied to physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinics due to non-specific muscle pain in 19centers in Turkey were retrospectively screened. Three thousand four hundred fourpatients were included in the study, whose pain level wasdetermined by visual analog scale (VAS) and the painful region, duration of pain and vitamin D level were reached. D group was found to beD deficient (group 1) when 25 (OH)D level was 20 ng/mL or less and group D 2 (vitamin D deficiency) was higher than 30 ng/mL (group 3).The groups were compared in terms of pain duration, localization and severity. In addition, the correlations of pain localization, severity andduration with vitamin D levels were examined.Results: D vitamin deficiency was detected in 2202 (70.9%) of 3 thousand four hundred and four registered patients, and it was foundthat vitamin D deficiency in 516 (16.6%) and normal vitamin D in 386 (12.4%). The groups were similar in terms of age, body mass index,income level, duration of complaint, education level, family type and working status between groups in terms of VAS, pain localization and duration scores (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows that vitamin D deficiency in patients with nonspecific musculoskeletal pain is not associated with the severity and duration of pain. © Copyright 2017 by the Turkish Osteoporosis Society.Item Investigation of Intestinal Parasites in Living Nursing Home; [Huzurevi Ortamında Yaşayan Bireylerde Bağırsak Parazitlerinin Araştırılması](Galenos Publishing House, 2019) Arserim S.K.; Limoncu M.E.; Gündüz T.; Balcıoğlu İ.C.Objective: Intestinal infections are common in the elderly, presented with atypical symptoms and may be the cause of mortality with a more severe clinical manifestation. The weakening of cellular and humoral immunity by aging affects the intestinal flora and increases the risk of infection in the presence of chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of possible parasitic agents in the intestinal system of ≥65-year-old nursing home residents through fecal examination, and to determine the demographic features (age and gender) of this elderly group. Methods: A total of 82 stool samples were examined (100x, 40x) with saline and iodine preparations, formol-ethyl acetate concentration process, trichrome and modified Erlich Ziehl Neelsen stained preparations. Results: One or more parasitological agents were detected in 17 (20.7%) of the 82 stool samples examined. The most common agent was Blastocystis spp. (13.4%), followed by Cryptosporidium spp. (2.4%) and Dientamoeba fragilis (2.4%). Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that attention should be given to elderly population with regard to intestinal parasitic infections. Because of changes in the immune system, more opportunistic factors could be detected. More frequent screening in public areas such as nursing homes is important for preventing infections. © 2019 Turkish Society for Parasitology.Item Upper extremity problems and quality of life in patients with breast cancer; [Meme Kanserli Hastalarda üst Ekstremite Sorunları ve Yaşam Kalitesi](Galenos Publishing House, 2019) Yılmaz E.; Coşkun T.Objective: The study was conducted to determine upper extremity problems and quality of life in patients with breast cancer who underwent breast surgery and axillary dissection. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional research was included 64 patients who admitted for outpatient clinic between 01.01.2015-01.01.2016 in university hospital in western of Turkey and previously undergone surgery for breast cancer. The data was collected personal information form, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) the Shortened Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (Q-DASH), Breast Cancer Module Quality of Life Scale (EORTC QLQ-BR23) and Short Form-36 (SF-36). Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, Chi Ssquare test, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Walles test and the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results: Mean age of the study group was 52.36±12.25 years. It was found that 54.7% of the patients were applied modified radical mastectomy and axillary dissection, and average time passed after surgery 11.27±10.00 months. Affected arm had shoulder pain (53.1%), restrictions on shoulder (51.6%) and lymphedema (21.9%).It was determined that patients were received low scores from SPADI and Q-DASH, and SF-36 physical and mental summary scores of below the average. The EORTC QLQ-BR23 functional status and symptom subscales scores of patients were low. Conclusion: It was seen that patients’ quality of life was low, their functional status was poor, and cancer-related symptoms to be less. The working with multidisciplinary team on preoperative and postoperative will help prevent complications and increase the quality of life. © 2018 Galenos Publishing House. All rights reserved.Item Prognostic effects of predominant histologic subtypes in resected pulmonary adenocarcinomas(Galenos Publishing House, 2019) Yaldız D.; Kaya Ş.Ö.; Ceylan K.C.; Acar A.; Aydoğdu Z.; Gürsoy S.; Yaldız S.Background: Predominant histologic subtypes have been reported as predictors of survival of patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Aims: To evaluate the predictive value of histologic classification in resected lung adenocarcinoma using the classification systems proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, American Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society, and World Health Organization (2015). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The histologic classification of a large cohort of 491 patients with resected lung adenocarcinoma (stages I-III) was retrospectively analyzed. The tumors were classified according to their predominant component (lepidic, acinar, papillary, solid, micropapillary, and mucinous), and their predictive values were assessed for clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival. Results: The patient cohort comprised 158 (32.2%) patients with solid predominant, 150 (30.5%) with acinar predominant, 80 (16.3%) with papillary predominant, 75 (15.3%) with lepidic predominant, 22 (4.5%) with mucinous, and 5 (1.0%) with micropapillary subtype, and 1 (0.2%) with adenocarcinoma in situ. Overall 5-year survival of 491 patients was found to be 51.8%. Patients with lepidic, acinar, and mucinous adenocarcinoma had 70.9%, 59.0%, and 66.6% 5-year survival, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference between them. Whereas patients with solid, papillary, and micropapillary predominant adenocarcinoma had 41.0%, 40.5%, and 0.0% 5-year survival, respectively. Compared to other histologic subtypes, patients with solid and papillary predominant adenocarcinoma had significantly lower survival than those with lepidic (p<0.001, p=0.002), acinar (p<0.001, p=0.008), and mucinous (p=0.048, p=0.048) subtypes, respectively. The survival difference between patients with solid subtype and those with papillary subtype was not statistically significant (p=0.67). Conclusion: Solid and papillary histologic subtypes are poor prognostic factors in resected invasive lung adenocarcinoma. © 2019 by Trakya University Faculty of Medicine / The Balkan Medical Journal published by Galenos Publishing House.Item Acceptance Tests and Quality Control of the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Systems; [Pozitron Emisyon Tomografi (PET) sistemlerinin kalite kontrolü ve kabul Testleri](Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Hacıosmanoğlu T.; Demir M.; Toklu T.; Suna Kıraç F.; İnce M.; Parlak Y.; Kovan B.; Dönmez S.; Ayan A.; Özaslan İ.A.; Hiçürkmez M.; Yeyin N.; Poyraz L.Quality control (QC) applications are important for the reliability and accuracy of the results obtained from positron emission tomography (PET) imaging systems in clinical trials. With these applications, exposure of patients and employees to more radiation will be prevented, and it will be possible to detect the systems that lost their performance compared to their installation time. QC applications are grouped as acceptance and reference tests, routine periodic QC tests. PET performance tests standardized by National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) should be used as acceptance and reference tests. In addition, the performance of the device should be monitored by following these tests at six-month intervals. PET/computerized tomography (CT) manufacturers often recommend routine QC procedures for their equipment and require users to follow these recommendations to a minimum. If standards are not defined for routine QC procedures, it is recommended to comply with the general minimum standards for routine QC that all PET/CT centers must perform. Routine QC protocols, the image quality of the PET system; CT image quality and CT dose of the patient; the accuracy of CT-based attenuation corrections; the accuracy of the CT and PET co-registration should ensure that problems that can interact any of the performance characteristics are identified. Since performing PET/CT scans by equipment that does not comply with their specifications may compromise image quality, interpretation of images and reliability of results, daily QC parameters must be evaluated and necessary corrective procedures must be taken prior to scanning. The tests are carried out using the protocol provided by the manufacturer. © Telif Hakkı 2020 Türkiye Nükleer Tıp Derneği / Nükleer Tıp Seminerleri, Galenos Yayınevi tarafından yayınlanmıştır.Item Psychometric characteristics of turkish version of parental attitudes towards childhood vaccines (PACV) scale; [Ebeveynlerin çocukluk aşilarina yönelik tutumlari (PACV) ölçeğinin türkçe sürümünün psikometrik özellikleri](Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Çevik C.; Güneş S.; Eser S.; Eser E.INTRODUCTION: Vaccination hesitation is an important public health problem that has increased in recent years. The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Parenting Attitudes towards Childhood Vaccines Scale (PACV). MATERIALS and METHODS: This methodological study was conducted between January-May 2019 with parents of 0-59 months old children (n = 211) who applied to Balıkesir University Health Application and Research Hospital Children's Polyclinic. PACV scale consists of 15 items in four dimensions: behavior, attitude, safety and effectiveness dimensions. Internal consistency (using Cronbach's alpha value) was used in reliability analyzes, structural validity (known groups and confirmatory factor analysis) and discriminant validity were used in validity analyzes. In the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the Comparative Compliance Index (BSI-CFI) and RMSEA were used. In the analysis, SS SPSS version 21.0 for Windows program and Lisrel 8.54 statistical package programs were used. RESULTS: 68.2% of the parents were women, 85.3% had sufficient income perception and 68.7% had only one child. The mean age was 30.84±5.15 for parents and 3.24±1.63 for children. Floor and ceiling effects of the scale are within the desired limits. Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was 0.676. Test-retest results are good (ICC: 0.93, p: 0.001). In the explanatory factor analysis, KMO was 0.77 and the total explained variance was 57.41%. In the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, compliance indicators are good (X2 / sd: 1.87, RMSEA: 0.0652, CFI: 0.949, NFI: 0.90). The scale was found to be discriminant according to the validity of known groups. CONCLUSIONS: The PACV scale is a valid and reliable scale adapted to the Turkish population. Parents' Attitudes towards Childhood Vaccines Scale is sufficient and satisfactory in terms of distribution, measurement ability, internal consistency and model fit. Total correlation after overlap correction was found below 30 in questions 7 and 14 and the results must be interpreted with caution. © 2020, Galenos Yayincilik,. All rights reserved.Item Evaluation of the Depression, Anxiety Levels and Attitudes of Mothers of Children with Celiac Disease; [Çölyak Hastalığı Olan Çocukların Annelerinin Depresyon, Kaygı Düzeyleri ve Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi](Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Dogan G.; Yalin Sapmaz S.; Cagan Appak Y.; Ozturk M.; Yigit Y.; Kasirga E.Objective: In celiac disease, a gluten-free diet is required for lifelong. Difficulties experienced by children with celiac disease can also negatively affect caregivers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anxiety and depression of mothers having a child with celiac disease, and evaluate mothers’ attitude towards their children. Method: Thirty-six children with celiac disease, their mothers, and 36 healthy controls were included in the study. The Parent Attitude Research Instrument, State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Beck Depression Inventory were completed by all mothers. Results: The mothers of children with celiac disease had significantly higher scores in depression and state-trait anxiety than the mothers of the healthy children. Mothers of children with celiac disease had significantly higher scores in the attitude of overparenting, authoritarian attitude and attitude of hostility and rejection than the mothers of healthy children. Conclusion: This study revealed that having a child with celiac disease might have negative effects on mothers and their attitudes towards their children. Because of psychopathologic risks appropriate psychologic support should be provided for mothers. © Copyright Health Sciences University Bakırköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital.Item In vitro Cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum; [Plasmodium falciparum’un in vitro Kültürü](Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Özbilgin A.; Çavuş İ.; Haghi M.; Özel Y.Objective: Plasmodium falciparum is a protozoan parasite that causes many deaths worldwide. It’s cultivation in an in vitro culture setting contributes significantly to scientific studies. However, there are no laboratories in Turkey that cultivate P. falciparum in vitro. Hence, the purpose of this study was to cultivate P. falciparum in vitro. Methods: Five P. falciparum strains were used in our study and were kept frozen in liquid nitrogen tanks. These parasite strains were then thawed in a 37 °C water bath and transferred to the Albumax-complete medium that was previously prepared. After that, the petri dishes were placed in the chamber. For 30 seconds, a special gas mixture containing 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2 was added into the chamber which was placed in a 37 °C oven and left for incubation for 2 days. At the end of the incubation period, thin smear preparations were prepared from the medium, stained with Giemsa and examined using an immersion lens. Results: Examination of the smears revealed that trophozoite and schizont forms of all P. falciparum isolates were present at a rate of 2% in in vitro culture medium. Conclusion: As a result of our study, the in vitro culture of P. falciparum was successfully developed. With this, several projects such as biological and chemical characteristics, pathogenicity, phenotypic and molecular-level drug sensitivities and parasite vaccination studies can be carried out more easily in our country. © 2020 Turkish Society for Parasitology.Item Entomological Survey of the Sand Fly Fauna of Kayseri Province: Focus on Visceral and Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Central Anatolia, Turkey; [Kayseri İlinin Kum Sineği Faunası Üzerine Entomolojik Çalışma: Türkiye’nin Orta Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Yeni Bir Kutanöz Leishmaniasis Odağı](Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Omondi Z.N.; Demir S.; Arserim S.K.Objective: In Turkey, leishmaniasis occurs in two clinical forms: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). CL has been reported mainly from south-eastern Anatolia and the eastern part of the Mediterranean region, whereas VL is sporadic in almost all geographical regions of Turkey. Both clinical forms of the disease have been recorded in Kayseri province for decades, but no study has been conducted on the sand fly fauna in this area. Therefore, we determine the species composition and population dynamics of sand flies prevalent in Kayseri province and identify possible vector species. Methods: Data related to the recent locations of CL and VL cases were obtained from the Ministry of Health, and sand flies were collected in 14 localities of different districts using CDC light traps. The specimens were transferred to the laboratory in 70% ethanol, and morphological identification to the species level was performed using previously written keys. Results: A total of 1,636 sand fly specimens were collected. Morphological identification revealed eight species of the genus Phlebotomus (P. perfiliewi s.l., P. halepensis, P. simici, P. major s.l., P. papatasi, P. tobbi, P. sergenti and P. mascittii) and one species of the genus Sergentomyia (S. dentata). Among all specimens, members of subgenus Adlerius (54.58%) formed the dominant group, followed by the subgenus Larroussius (43.76%). Conclusion: Our results showed that P. halepensis, belonging to subgenus Adlerius, and P. perfiliewi, belonging to the subgenus, are probable vectors of cutaneous and VL in the province, respectively. © 2020 Turkish Society for Parasitology.Item Evaluation of Imported Malaria Cases in Northern Cyprus between 2016 and 2019: First Data Series; [Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta 2016-2019 Yılları Arasındaki İmport Sıtma Olgularının Değerlendirilmesi: İlk Veriler](Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Güler E.; Özbilgin A.; Çavuş İ.; Şanlıdağ T.; Süer K.Objective: In present times, malaria remains an infectious disease with a high mortality rate in some regions of the world. It is predicted to preserve its importance as a disease in the future because of the traveling human populations from malaria-endemic African countries into the regions where malaria has been eradicated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the increasing imported malaria cases in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Methods: In this study, we investigated 13 patients who were diagnosed with malaria between 2016 and 2019. We clinically evaluated all the cases. More importantly, we made the diagnosis of these patients by Giemsa-stained thin and thick blood smears, rapid malaria antigen tests, and genotyping (only for five patients) by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, we evaluated patients with malaria in terms of age, gender, and seasons. Results: In the diagnosed malaria cases, 11 (84.4%) of them were male and 2 (15.6%) were female. There was no significance between malaria infection and gender (p=0.358). Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and Plasmodium ovale infection were detected in ten patients (76.9%), two (15.4%) patients, and one (7.7%) patient, respectively. There was a significant increase (p=0.003) in the malaria cases in 2019 (n=9). The seasonal comparison revealed that malaria infections are most common in autumn (8/13, 61.5%). Conclusion: Despite the eradication of malaria in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, the rising number of recently imported cases increases the risk of emerging local cases. Malaria infection should be immediately suspected, particularly, in foreign patients who travel from the malaria-endemic region and present with symptoms such as fever and shivering if the laboratory findings especially detect thrombocytopenia. © 2020 Turkish Society for Parasitology.Item A rare case of ascites: Eosinophilic gastroenteritis(Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Doğan G.; Düzgün F.; Yılmaz Ö.; Ayhan S.; Gülen H.; Kasırga E.Eosinophilic gastroenteropathies are rare disorders. An 18-year-old girl presented to the hospital with abdominal pain and distension. Abdominal tenderness and grade 2 ascites, serious peripheral eosinophilia and high immunoglobulin E level were found. Laparoscopic antrum biopsy showed subserosal eosinophilic infiltration. Eosinophilic gastroenteropathy was suspected, diet elimination was given, no steroid treatment was used. © Copyright 2020 by Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Ege Children's FoundationItem The Production of Trypanosoma Brucei Rhodesiense, Cause of African Sleeping Sickness, and Trypanosoma Cruzi, Cause of American Chagas Disease, on Different Medias and Testing a New Media; [Afrika Uyku Hastalığı Etkeni Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense ve Amerika Chagas Hastalığı Etkeni Trypanosoma cruzi’nin Farklı Besiyerlerinde Üretilmesi ve Yeni Besiyerinin Denenmesi](Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Özbilgin A.; Çavuş İ.; Nuraydın A.; Özel Y.Objective: Human African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness, is a parasitic disease in which Glossina is transmitted by human intervention and Trypanosoma b. rhodosiense and Trypanosoma b. gambiense are the causative agents Production of parasites in axenic cultures provides great advantage in parasite biochemistry, immunological, physiological and molecular studies. In this study, it is aimed to determine the medium which will produce in vigorous amount of Trypanosoma b. rhodosiense and Trypanasoma cruzi and to establish a new medium. Methods: In this study, Trypanosoma b. rhodosiense and Trypanasoma cruzi strains stored in Manisa Celal Bayar University Parasite Bank will be removed from liquid nitrogen tank under suitable conditions, planted in Medium I, Medium II, Medium III and newly developed medium. Reproductive densities of the media will be statistically analyzed on Thoma lamina depending on the time, using the Sidak’s multiplequality test. Results: As a result of this study, it has been concluded that the best medium, to produce abundantly Trypanosoma b. rhodosiense and Trypanasoma cruzi strains, to be used in diagnosis and active substance screenings, molecular studies, metabolic analyzes and drug studies is the medium IV. Conclusion: This study is one of the first studies related to the production of Trypanosoma species in Turkey and planned to provide a basis for the studies of African sleeping disease, Chagas disease and their agents. © 2020, Galenos Publishing House. All rights reserved.Item Radiation Safety Guide: General Definitions and Radiation Protection Rules in Nuclear Medicine Applications(Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Parlak Y.; Uysal B.; Kıraç F.S.; Kovan B.; Demir M.; Ayan A.; Poyraz L.; Özaslan İ.A.; Köseoğlu K.; Yeyin N.; Dönmez S.Ionizing radiation which is widely used in the field of medicine and industry, and in scientific studies leaves some or all of its energy to the tissue as it passes through living tissue. It causes known possible harmful effects on living organisms, from low exposure doses to high doses. These are stochastic effects (cancer, mutations) and deterministic effects which are recently named as tissue reactions (such as dermatitis, cataracts). It is important to keep the radiation exposure of the radiation workers and the public as low as possible and to keep within the acceptable dose limits in order to avoid unknown harmful effects. Radiation risks to health are assessed by radiation absorbed dose, dose equivalent and effective doses. In routine daily practices, as low as reasonably achievable dose and as low as reasonably practible dose principles, and also, occupational and public permissible dose limits defined by international and national atomic energy agencies should be complied. Radiation protection rules should be followed to reduce an exposure dose as much as possible while working in the radiation areas. Radiation accidents, transportation of radioactive materials and radioactive waste disposal are important special issues for the protection of environmental health, and compliance with radiation protection rules are necessary. With the development of new targeted radiopharmaceuticals, radionuclide treatments are frequently applied in nuclear medicine clinics, especially in the treatment of malignant diseases. Therefore, radiation protection is an important issue especially for the hospital workers performing procedures to the patients who die shortly after administration of high-dose radionuclide therapy. In this guide, the terms related to radiation will be presented at first, and then, the national and international radiation protection rules in radiation works will be given. © Telif Hakkı 2020 Türkiye Nükleer Tıp Derneği / Nükleer Tıp Seminerleri, Galenos Yayınevi tarafından yayınlanmıştır.Item Acceptance and Quality Control Tests for the Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) Gamma Cameras and SPECT/CT Systems; [Tek Foton Emisyon Kompüterize Tomografi (SPECT) Gama Kameralar ve SPECT/BT Sistemleri için Kabul ve Kalite Kontrol Testleri](Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Dönmez S.; Ayan A.; Parlak Y.; Kovan B.; Hiçürkmez M.; Kıraç F.S.; Demir M.; Toklu T.; Hacıosmanoğlu T.; Özaslan İ.A.; Poyraz L.; ve Kalite Kontrol Çalışma Grubu Üyeleri T.R.G.Scintigraphic images play an important role in the diagnosis of diseases by providing accurate clinical information independent of the operator. However, the good quality image may not be obtained due to changes in the performance of the imaging system and/or external factors. A poor quality image will make difficult to interpretate clinical studies. Quality Control (QC) tests provide to reveal the conditions that will adversely affect the image quality before starting of scintigraphic imaging, and to make the necessary arrangements. Although QC tests show relative changes depending on the brand and model of gama camera, there are tests that must be done routinely. For gamma cameras [planar and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT)] to be newly installed in the Nuclear Medicine Clinic, “Acceptance Tests” should be carried out after the installation. “Checks before clinical studies” before. © Telif Hakkı 2020 Türkiye Nükleer Tıp Derneği / Nükleer Tıp Seminerleri, Galenos Yayınevi tarafından yayınlanmıştır.Item Comparison of in vitro Resistance of Wild Leishmania İsolates, Which are Resistant to Pentavalent Antimonial Compounds, Against Drugs Used in the Treatment of Leishmaniasis; [Pentavalent Antimonial Bileşiklere Dirençli Vahşi Leishmania İzolatlarının Leishmaniasis Tedavisinde Kullanılan İlaçlara Karşı in vitro Dirençlerinin Karşılaştırılması](Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Özbilgin A.; Çavuş İ.; Kaya T.; Yıldırım A.; Harman M.Objective: Meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime®) and Sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam®) are used for the treatment of cutaneous leismaniasis in Turkey. There is a reported resistance to these drugs in recent years. The aim of the present study was to compare the in vitro sensitivities of resistant Leishmania isolates against Amphotericin B, Miltefosine, Meglumine Antimoniate, Paromomycin and Sodium Stibogluconate. Methods: Five Leishmania isolates of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis, who showed no clinical recovery despite two consecutive meglumine antimoniate treatments, which were stored in the Parasite Bank in Manisa Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty were selected. They were genotyped with Real-Time PCR using specific primers and probes to ITS1 region. Drug resistance levels of each Leishmania isolate were analysed for Amphotericin B, Miltefosine, Meglumine Antimoniate, Paromomycin, and Sodium Stibogluconate at concentrations of 500, 250, 125, 50, 25 µg/mL with XTT method and hemocytometer. Results: It was observed that the resistant Leishmania tropica isolates showed no resistance to Amphotericin B, and were sensitive to Miltefosine, Sodium Stibogluconate, Paromomycin and Meglumin Antimonate, respectively. In addition, Leishmania tropica (MHOM/AZ/1974/SAF-K27) isolate of the control group could stay viable in none of the drug concentrations of five agents in the study. Conclusion: It was determined that none of the selected resistant L. tropica isolates showed resistance to Amphotericin B and that was also shown statistically (p<0.05). The results of this study are important in guiding clinicians and researchers who conduct studies on drugs and search for new drug molecules. © 2020 Turkish Society for Parasitology.Item Transfusion-related acute lung injury: A case report(Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Polat A.Ç.; Yiǧit Y.; Önder E.N.A.; Yildirim A.T.; Ertan P.; Gülen H.Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a non-cardiac pulmonary edema presenting with severe dyspnea, hypoxia and bilateral diffuse infiltrates on chest X-ray. It usually occurs within the first 6 hours following the administration of plasma and plasma rich blood products. Herein, we present a patient who developed TRALI shortly after plasmapheresis due to Hemolytic Uremic syndrome and exhibited a dramatic response with early systemic steroid treatment. ©Copyright 2020 by Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Ege Children's Foundation.