Browsing by Publisher "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins"
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Item Method for middle vault reconstruction in primary rhinoplasty: Upper lateral cartilage bending [15](Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1997) Seyhan A.[No abstract available]Item Re: The safety of overnight hospitalization for transurethral prostatectomy a prospective study of 200 patients(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1998) Lekili M.[No abstract available]Item Modified temporalis muscle transfer for paralytic eyelids(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1999) Yoleri L.; Songür E.The major problems in paralytic eyelids are the inability to close the eye, lower lid sagging, and epiphora. The upper eyelid is responsible for most of the opening and closing of the eye, whereas a lower eyelid positioned properly against the globe is necessary for collection and flow of the tear fluid. Modification of temporalis muscle transfer, a classic technique, was planned to restore these functions selectively in paralytic eyelids. Twelve unilateral and one bilateral irreversible facial paralysis patients with different degrees of lagophthalmos and ectropion were included. Twice as much muscle mass (in thickness) to the upper eyelid than the lower was taken and passed submuscularly 5 to 6 mm away from the limbus for stronger motion of the upper eyelid, and a thinner muscle mass was passed subcutaneously beneath the lower cilia for longevity of the correction of ectropion and epiphora. Fixation of these strips was performed to the medial canthal ligament and 3 to 4 mm above it. The average duration of follow-up was 35.5 months. Excellent eyelid closure and correction of ectropion and epiphora were achieved with one procedure in all patients without creating a cosmetic deformity.Item Effects of trauma and infection on ciprofloxacin levels in the vitreous cavity(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1999) Öztürk F.; Kortunay S.; Kurt E.; Ilker S.S.; Inan U.U.; Basci N.E.; Bozkurt A.; Kayaalp S.O.Objective: This study was designed to determine the effects of trauma and infection on vitreous ciprofloxacin levels after intravitreal injection of ciprofloxacin in rabbits. Methods: A penetrating injury was made in the right eyes of 24 rabbits. In the eyes of half of the traumatized animals, a standardized intraocular infection was induced by intravitreal injection of a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus. The intact left eyes of the traumatized group were maintained as controls. Ciprofloxacin (200 μg/0.1 mL) was injected into the midvitreous cavity of both eyes in all animals and samples were obtained at 2, 8, 24, and 48 hours after injection. Drug concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis. Results: At the second hour, the mean vitreous concentration of ciprofloxacin in the traumatized eyes was lower than that in control eyes (P < 0.05). The mean ciprofloxacin concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the traumatized-infected eyes than were those in control or traumatized eyes at 24 and 48 hours. The elimination half-life of ciprofloxacin in control and traumatized eyes was 6.02 hours and 5.02 hours, respectively, and infection prolonged the half-life to 15.06 hours. Vitreous levels of ciprofloxacin were above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) for most of the common microorganisms causing endophthalmitis in all groups at 2 and 8 hours, but also at 24 and 48 hours in traumatized-infected eyes. Conclusion: Infection appears to decrease the clearance of ciprofloxacin. Therapeutic drug levels in traumatized-infected eyes were maintained up to 48 hours. Assuming that the animal model used may have a predictive value for the drug elimination in traumatized-infected human eyes, we suggest that local administration of ciprofloxacin every 2 days may be relevant from the therapeutic perspective.Item The effects of acetylcholine and propolis extract on corneal epithelial wound healing in rats(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1999) Öztürk F.; Kurt E.; Inan U.U.; Emiroǧlu L.; Ilker S.S.Purpose. To investigate the effects of topical acetylcholine and topical administration of propolis, a natural beehive product, on corneal epithelial wound healing. Methods. The whole corneal epithelium was debrided in 42 eyes of 21 rats by mechanical scraping with a dulled scalpel blade. Animals were divided into three groups. Group 1 received topical 1% water extract of propolis (WEP), group 2 received topical acetylcholine (ACh), and group 3 (control group) received topical phosphate-buffered saline, 6 times a day for 3 days, starting immediately after debridement. The area of the corneal epithelial defect was stained with fluorescein, photographed, and then measured every 12 h. The mean epithelial defect area and the mean percentage of epithelial defect remaining at each follow-up were compared between the groups. Results. The mean epithelial defect area and the mean percentage of epithelial defect remaining at each time were significantly smaller (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, respectively) in the ACh and propolis groups as compared with control groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the propolis or ACh groups at any time (p > 0.05). At 72 h, the mean percentage of defect remaining was 2.58% in the ACh group, 1.3% in the propolis-treated group, and 8.68% in the control group. Conclusions. This study demonstrated that ACh and propolis facilitated corneal epithelial wound healing of rats. Although the mechanisms of the effect of propolis on wound healing and its clinical use still remain to be determined, ACh may have a place in the treatment of corneal epithelial injuries.Item Penetration of topical and oral ciprofloxacin into the aqueous and vitreous humor in inflamed eyes(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1999) Öztürk F.; Kortunay S.; Kurt E.; Ilker S.S.; Basci N.E.; Bozkurt A.Purpose: To assess the aqueous and vitreous penetration of ciprofloxacin after topical and combined topical and oral administration and investigate the effects of inflammation on drug penetration. Methods: A standardized penetrating injury was made in the right eyes of 16 rabbits. Intraocular inflammation was induced by intravitreal injection of a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus in these eyes. The animals were divided into two groups according to treatment methodology: topical and topical-oral. The intact left eyes of the animals were maintained as controls. In the topical treatment group, two drops of ciprofloxacin 0.3% were instilled to both eyes every 30 minutes for 4 hours. In the topical-oral treatment group, animals were given two oral 40 mg/kg doses of ciprofloxacin at 12-hour intervals. After the last oral dose, the protocol of the topical group was applied to these eyes. Half an hour after the last drop, 100-μL samples were taken from aqueous and vitreous humor of all eyes. Drug concentrations were measured using high- pressure liquid chromatography. Results: Mean aqueous levels of ciprofloxacin in control eyes were 2.31 μg/mL (range, 1.02-6.27 μg/mL) in the topical group and 5.88 μg/mL (1.52-17.81) in the topical-oral group. Mean aqueous levels in inflamed eyes were 7.36 μg/mL (2.34-17.15) in the topical group and 14.43 μg/mL (2.18-18.66) in the topical-oral group. Mean vitreous levels in control eyes were 0.77 μg/mL (0.09-1.93) in the topical group and 1.01 μg/mL (0.49-1.57) in the topical-oral group. Mean vitreous levels in inflamed eyes were 0.95 μg/mL (0.18-1.27) in the topical group and 1.98 μg/mL (0.51-3.34) in the topical-oral group. There was no significant difference among the groups (P > 0.05). Mean aqueous levels in all eyes and mean vitreous levels in the combined topical and oral group of inflamed eyes were above the 90% minimum inhibitory concentration for most of the common microorganisms causing endophthalmitis. Conclusion: There is an increase in both aqueous and vitreous humor concentrations with inflammation and with oral and topical administrations, as opposed to topical only, of ciprofloxacin. Using oral as well as topical treatment may be a beneficial method of antibiotic prophylaxis in ocular trauma once a patient has received intravenous or intravitreal therapy.Item Immediate hair transplantation into a newly closed wound to conceal the final scar on the hair-bearing skin(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2000) Seyhan A.; Yoleri L.; Barutçu A.A surgical incision after suturing usually leaves a visible scar on the hair-bearing skin, even after optimal wound conditions. The conspicuousness of such a scar results from its linear continuity and hairlessness. To prevent this effect, a row of micrografts or minigrafts was inserted between the wound edges immediately after wound closure. The hair grafts that were transplanted were dissected from the discharged skin in the same surgical procedure, if feasible. Otherwise, a mini donor strip was harvested from the mastoid scalp to dissect the hair grafts. The final linear scar was interrupted and concealed sufficiently with the growth of the transplanted hairs. Tension-free closure is required to obtain a satisfactory result with this technique.Item Evaluation of the Effects of Different Biomaterials on Bone Defects(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2000) Dalkýz M.; Ozcan A.; Yapar M.; Gökay N.; Yüncü M.Studies concerning natural and synthetic graft materials that have been used in different medical procedures have focused on freeze-dried bone, coral, hydroxylapatite, and tricalcium phosphate. This study histologically investigates the effects of these materials on the healing of bone defects. The experiments were performed on 30 albino rabbits. Cavities were drilled in the posterior right tibias of rabbits and were filled with coral, freeze-dried bone, hydroxylapatite, or calcium hydroxide. One cavity was left unfilled as a control. The bone in which the materials were implanted was excised at 7, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days. After the histological staining procedures, the prepared materials were observed using a light microscope. Although all materials showed good bone remodeling at the end of 60 days, coral and hydroxylapatite materials could be seen in the bone structure. The most effective materials within bone defect improvement were freeze-dried bone and calcium hydroxide.Item Planimetric gain in Z-plasty [8](Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2001) Seyhan A.; Da-Yuan C.[No abstract available]Item Is attempting suicide an adverse effect of oxybutynin in a child with enuresis nocturna? [1](Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2001) Coskun S.; Yüksel H.; Onag A.[No abstract available]Item Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint extending to temporalis, masticator, and parotid spaces(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2001) Yildiz S.T.; Demir A.; Kaya A.Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is very rare. We report a case of synovial chondromatosis of the TMJ with extraarticular extension that was diagnosed with MRI and CT. Histopathologic evaluation indicated that this case was synovial chondromatosis in intermediate phase.Item Cross-facial nerve grafting as an adjunct to hypoglossal-facial nerve crossover in reanimation of early facial paralysis: Clinical and electrophysiological evaluation(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2001) Yoleri L.; Songür E.; Mavioǧlu H.; Yoleri Ö.Reanimation of a spontaneous and synchronous smile, and sufficient depressor mechanism of the lower lip presents a surgical challenge in facial paralysis. Hypoglossal-facial nerve crossover and cross-facial nerve grafting are the best options if the mimetic muscles around the mouth are still viable in patients in whom the facial nerve was sacrificed at the brainstem. Although good muscle tone and facial motion have been obtained by hypoglossal-facial nerve crossover, smile is dependent on conscious tongue movement. Cross-facial nerve grafting provides a voluntary and emotion-driven smile, but requires two coaptation sites, which leads to substantial axonal loss and a long regeneration time. This method was not successful in activating the depressor mechanism. The first stage is the classic "baby-sitting" procedure, in which the bulk of the mimetic muscles was maintained by the rapid reinnervation of the hypoglossal-facial nerve crossover during the regeneration period of the cross-facial nerve graft, and temporalis muscle transfer to the eyelids is performed. During the second stage, the cross-facial nerve graft that used the thickest zygomaticobuccal branch on the healthy side was coapted with the corresponding branches on the paralyzed side. The hypoglossal-facial nerve crossover continued to innervate the depressor muscles. Good spontaneous smile and sufficient depressor mechanism were achieved by cross-facial nerve grafting and hypoglossal-facial nerve crossover respectively, and these techniques are demonstrated by the authors clinically and electrophysiologically.Item The Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Fixed Bridge Restoration Supported by the Combination of Teeth and Osseointegrated Implants(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002) Dalkiz M.; Zor M.; Aykul H.; Toparli M.; Aksoy S.This study investigated the designs of osseointegrated prostheses in cases of free-end partial edentulism using comparative stress interpreted with the three-dimensional finite element method. Three free-end fixed osseointegrated prostheses models with various connection designs (ie, rigidly connected to an abutment tooth and an implant, rigidly connected to an implant and two abutment teeth, and rigidly connected to an implant and three abutment teeth) were studied. The stress values of the three models loaded with vertical, buccolingual, and linguobuccal directions at 30 ° angled to vertical axis forces were analyzed. When the fixed partial denture was connected to the three natural abutment teeth and an implant, the lowest levels of stress in the bone were noted.Item Polytetrafluoroethylene bars in stabilizing the reconstructed sternum for pectus excavatum operations in children(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002) Genç A.; Mutaf O.Nine children with severe pectus excavatum deformity were operated on in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Thoracic Unit, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. There were four boys and five girls, and the mean age at operation was 6.3 years. A modified Ravitch technique was performed by using two polytetrafluoroethylene bars placed retrosternally for fixation and stabilization of the reconstituted anterior chest wall. The bars were removed 6 months after the operation. Results were satisfactory in all cases, with no surgical complications.Item Sexual function in ankylosing spondylitis: A study of 65 men(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2004) Pirildar T.; Müezzinoǧlu T.; Pirildar Ş.Purpose: We evaluated sexual function in male patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using the validated International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). We also assessed the frequency and association of erectile dysfunction with patient age, disease duration, morning stiffness, laboratory activity, disease severity, depression status and medication use in this patient group. Materials and Methods: We evaluated sexual function, in particular erectile dysfunction (ED), using the IIEF in male patients with AS followed regularly at the outpatient clinic of rheumatology and compared results with those in healthy controls. Patient age, disease duration, morning stiffness, laboratory activity, disease severity and medication use were obtained by reviewing the medical record. Affective patient and control states were measured by the Beck Depression Inventory. The Bath AS Functional Index was used to measure functional status in AS cases. Results: To our knowledge this is the first study of the frequency of ED in men with AS (8 of 65 or 12%). Compared to healthy controls patients with AS had significantly lower erectile function, orgasmic function, intercourse satisfaction and overall satisfaction scores according to the IIEF, whereas sexual desire scores were also lower, although not significantly. According to self-reported patient data ED was a prominent characteristic of our population. We were not able to relate any clinical features or laboratory findings to ED except the duration of morning stiffness. The 22 men with a high degree of morning stiffness (greater than 4 hours) had lower erectile function scores compared to the 12 with AS and a low degree of morning stiffness (less than 2 hours) (18.3 ± 1.6 vs 26.5 ± 2.4, p < 0.05). Of 65 patients with AS 25 (38%) were depressed in our study group according to the Beck Depression Inventory, while no healthy controls were depressed when a score of greater than 13 was used as the cutoff. Conclusions: ED can be seen in the course of AS. The pathogenesis of ED in patients with AS is thought to be multifactorial with disease and treatment related factors. Thus, male patients with AS, in particular those with a high degree of morning stiffness, should be encouraged to talk about their sexuality.Item Sexual dysfunction in female subjects with fibromyalgia(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2005) Tikiz C.; Muezzinoglu T.; Pirildar T.; Taskin E.O.; Firat A.; Tuzun C.Purpose: We investigated sexual function in females with fibromyalgia (FM) and evaluate whether coexistent major depression (MD) has an additional negative effect on sexual function. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 female subjects were enrolled in the study, including 40 with FM only, 27 with FM plus MD and 33 healthy volunteers as a control group. The diagnosis of MD was made according to Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV interview and the Hamilton Depression Rate Scale was used to grade depression. Widespread pain and quality of life were assessed with the Lattinen Pain Scale and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, respectively. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used to assess sexual dysfunction. Results: All subjects were comparable in age, occupation and education. Mean FSFI total score ± SD was significantly decreased in the FM and FM plus MD groups compared with that in healthy controls (21.83 ± 5.84 and 22.43 ± 7.0 vs 28.10 ± 6.52, respectively, p = 0.001). However, the FSFI score was not significantly different between patients with FM only and FM plus MD (p >0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a negative moderate correlation between total Lattinen pain score and FSFI score in the FM only and FM plus MD groups (r = -0.366, p = 0.047 and r = -0.403, p = 0.018, respectively). FSFI score did not correlate with FIQ and HDRS scores (p >0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that female patients with FM have distinct sexual dysfunction compared with healthy controls and coexistent MD has no additional negative effect on sexual function. Thus, female subjects with FM should be evaluated in terms of sexual function to provide better quality of life. Copyright © 2005 by American Urological Association.Item The effects of botulinum-A toxin on bladder function and histology in spinal cord injured rats: Is there any difference between early and late application?(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2005) Temeltas G.; Tikiz C.; Dagci T.; Tuglu I.; Yavasoglu A.Purpose: We explored the effects of early and late application of botulinum-A toxin (BTX-A) on reservoir function and histological bladder changes in spinal cord injured rats. Materials and Methods: The study was done in 30 Sprague-Dawley rats randomly allocated into 5 groups. Group 1 of 6 rats underwent sham operation only. Group 2 of 6 rats underwent spinal cord transection. Group 3 of 6 rats underwent spinal cord transection followed by BTX-A application into the detrusor muscle 7 days later. Group 4 of 6 rats underwent spinal cord transection, followed by BTX-A application into the detrusor muscle 28 days later. Group 5 of 6 rats underwent spinal cord transection followed by saline injection into the detrusor muscle after 28 days. Spinal cord injury was created by transecting the cord at the T9 to T10 level. All rats underwent cystometric examination initially and on day 42 before sacrifice. The bladders were removed and examined histologically for fibrosis and hyperplasia. Results: On cystometric examination BTX-A caused an improvement in baseline pressure, and the frequency and amplitude of uninhibited detrusor contractions (p <0.001). No significant differences were observed in maximal bladder capacity or urethral opening pressure (p >0.05). Histologically BTX-A led to decreased fibrosis and hyperplasia (p <0.001). No significant differences were found between histological or cystometric among the groups with respect to receiving BTX-A in the early and late periods (p >0.05). Conclusions: BTX-A has a functional and histological healing effect on detrusor hyperreflexia subsequent to spinal cord injury in rats. Although administering BTX-A in the early period had better quantifiable functional and histological outcomes compared to the late period, the difference was not statistically significant. Copyright © 2005 by American Urological Association.Item The necessity of culture for the diagnosis of tinea pedis(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2006) Ecemis T.; Degerli K.; Aktas E.; Teker A.; Ozbakkaloglu B.Background: This study examined the consistency between the clinical diagnosis of tinea pedis and the results of direct fungal examination, prepared with 10% potassium hydroxide, and culture. Methods: 2427 patients clinically diagnosed with tinea pedis who presented to the mycology laboratory were reviewed retrospectively for the outcomes of direct fungal examination and culture. Results: Direct examination was positive in 54.3% and culture was positive in 36.6% of the cases. The sensitivity and specificity of direct microscopy were 95.7% and 69.6%, respectively Conclusions: The clinical diagnosis of tinea pedis can be misleading, since it features lesions that can also be present in some other skin diseases and direct microscopy may be insufficient to confirm the diagnosis. Therefore, we suggest using culture for a definitive diagnosis. Copyright © by the Southern Society for Clinical Investigation.Item The effects of tramadol and fentanyl on gastrointestinal motility in septic rats(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2006) Topcu I.; Ekici N.Z.; Isik R.; Sakarya M.In this study, we investigated the effects of tramadol and fentanyl on gastrointestinal transit (GIT) during acute systemic inflammation in an experimental model of cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). One-hundred-twenty male Swiss-Albino rats were divided randomly into 6 groups: Group I = sham-operated + saline; Group II = sham-operated + fentanyl; Group III = sham-operated + tramadol; Group IV = CLP + saline; Group V = CLP + fentanyl; Group VI = CLP + tramadol. Suspension of charcoal was administered as an intragastric meal to measure the GIT. GIT% (mean ± SD) were 46.1% ± 9.8%, 43.2% ± 9.8%, 45.9% ± 10.2%, 33.2% ± 9.2%, 24.9% ± 4.1%, and 31.8% ± 8.4% in Groups I, II, III, IV, V, and VI, respectively. GIT% was significantly less in Group V than in Groups I, II, III, and IV (P < 0.05). The Group VI mean value was significantly lower than those of Groups I, II, and III (P < 0.05) but not different from those of Groups IV and V (P > 0.05). The antitransit effect of fentanyl was shown to have increased in the experimental sepsis model, but no decrease in GIT was obtained with tramadol. This was thought to be the result of an associated endogenic opioid system activation and receptor upregulation in sepsis. ©2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.Item Pretreatment with pro- and synbiotics reduces peritonitis-induced acute lung injury in rats(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2007) Tok D.; Ilkgul O.; Bengmark S.; Aydede H.; Erhan Y.; Taneli F.; Ulman C.; Vatansever S.; Kose C.; Ok G.BACKGROUND: To study whether enteral pretreatment with a synbiotic composition of lactic acid bacteria and bioactive fibers can reduce peritonitis-induced lung neutrophil infiltration and tissue injury in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were divided into five groups, and subjected to induction of peritonitis-induced lung injury using a cecal ligation and puncture model (CLP). All animals were pretreated for 3 weeks prior the CLP by daily gavage with either (1) a synbiotic composition (10 CFU of Pediococcus pentosaceus 5-33:3, 10 CFU of Leuconostoc mesenteroides 77:1, 10 CFU of L. paracasei subspecies paracasei, 10 CFU of L. plantarum 2362 plus fermentable fibers), (2) fermentable fibers alone, (3) nonfermentable fibers, (4) a probiotic composition (10 CFU of P. pentosaceus 5-33:3, 10 CFU of L. mesenteroides 77:1, 10 CFU of L. paracasei subsp. paracasei, 10 CFU of L. plantarum 2,362), or (5) a heat-killed probiotic composition. All animals were killed 24 hours after CLP and lung tissue samples were studied for degree of neutrophil infiltration and levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-1β. In addition the lung wet-to-dry tissue weight ratio, the myeloperoxidase activity, and malondialdehyde content were also assessed. RESULTS: No mortality was encountered in any of the groups. Histologic signs of lung injury (number of neutrophils and TNF-α, IL-1β staining) were observed in all groups except the synbiotic and probiotic treated groups. Myeloperoxidase activity and malondialdehyde content were significantly lower in the two lactobacillus- pretreated groups, with no difference between them. Heavy infiltration of lung tissue with neutrophils was observed only in fiber-treated (302.20 ± 7.92) and placebo-treated (266.90 ± 8.92) animals. This was totally abolished in the synbiotic-treated group (34.40 ± 2.49). Lung edema (wet-to-dry lung weight ratio) was significantly reduced in the synbiotic-treated group (4.92 ± 0.13 vs. 5.07 ± 0.08 and 5.39 ± 0.10, respectively). CONCLUSION: Three weeks of preoperative enteral administration of a synbiotic composition reduced peritonitis-induced acute lung injury in rats in a CLP model. © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.