Browsing by Publisher "Pakistan Medical Association"
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Item The relationship between nurses sociodemographic characteristics and stressor life events(Pakistan Medical Association, 2014) Tavsanli N.G.; Celasin N.S.Objective: To determine how nurses who encounter stressful live events adapt themselves, and to examine the relation between their personal characteristics and stressful events. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted between February and April 2007, and comprised all nurses working at the two public-sector hospitals in Manisa, Turkey. Data was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS version 11.0. Results: Of the total 87 nurses, 33 (37.9%) were in the 28-32 age group; 67 (77.0%) were married; 35 (40.2 %) had a child; 61 (70.1 %) had an income equivalent to their expenses; 44 (50.6 %) had an associate degree; 21(24.22 %) had 10-12 years of experience in the profession; 76(87.4 %) were working as service nurses, and 31 (35.6%) had worked for 1-3 years in this service. Conclusion: There was a relationship between some of the socio-demographic characteristics of the nurses and stressor life events.Item Fear of falling in elderly people living in a nursing home—perspective from Manisa(Pakistan Medical Association, 2015) Tavsanli N.G.; Turkmen S.N.Our study aimed to determine the level of fear of falling in elderly nursing home residents. The research population consisted of all the elderly residents of Manisa Municipal Nursing Home between November 2011 and February 2012. The 76 elderly people who agreed to participate were included in the study. A demographics formand the Tinetti Falls Efficacy Scale were used in data collection. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 15.0, using percentage calculations, the t-test and Cronbach's alpha. The mean score on the Tinetti Falls Efficacy Scale for elderly individuals was found to be 4.57 ± 3.80. 57.9% of the old people feared falling while taking a bath, 59.2%while going to bed or getting up, and 53.6% while sitting down or getting up from a chair. It was found that mean fear of falling scores were significantly higher in elderly individuals with chronic diseases, sleep problems and urinary incontinence. © 2015 Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item Vaginal douching practice: Frequency, associated factors and relationship with vulvovaginal symptoms(Pakistan Medical Association, 2016) Yanikkerem E.; Yasayan A.Objective: To determine the frequency, associated factors and relationship with vulvovaginal symptoms and vaginal douching among Turkish women. Methods: The cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted at Merkez Efendi Hospital, Manisa, Turkey, from January to June 2014 using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 17. Results: Of the total 343 women in the study, 91(26.5%) had reported vaginal douching in the preceding year. Statistically significant relationship was determined between the vaginal douching behaviour and couples who had low educationand low income levels, having unplanned pregnancy and had someone in their neighbourhood who douched (p<0.05 each). The most common reason for using vaginal douching was reported to be cleanliness by 85(93.4%) women, prevention of genital infections 75(82.4%), cleaning after/before sexual intercourse 72(79%), during menstruation 49(54%), prevention of vaginal discharge 69(76%), decreasing of unpleasant odours 65(71.4%) and religious beliefs 46(50.5%). Self-reported history of vaginal infection was significantly more common for women who douched compared those who did not (p<0.05). Conclusion: Healthcare providers should determine the reason and risky groups of women and educate the women to stop the vaginal douching behaviour and harmful effects of vaginal douching. © 2016, Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item Affecting factors and relationship between patients' attitudes towards the nursing profession and perceptions of nursing care in a university hospital(Pakistan Medical Association, 2017) Midilli T.S.; Kirmizioglu T.; Kalkim A.Objective: To evaluate affecting factors and the relationship between patients' attitudes towards the nursing profession and perceptions of nursing care. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Hafsa Sultan Hospital of Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey, from September to November 2014, and comprised inpatients. Data was collected by using a patient information form, the attitude scale for the nursing profession and the patient perception of hospital experience with nursing care scale. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the 604 participants, 320(53%) were female and 266(44%) were aged 60 years or above. Mean satisfaction level on the patient perception scale was 70.79±6.69, and on the attitude scale 176.77±11.63. A positive, statistically significant relationship was found between the two scores (p< 0.01). It was detected that the age for patient perception of nursing care, and gender and education level for patients' attitudes towards the nursing profession were the affecting factors (p<0.05 each). Conclusion: Nursing care satisfaction and positive attitudes towards the nursing profession increased while patients' perceptions of nursing care improved. © 2017, Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item The effect of case management with haemodialysis patients on the health perception and the symptoms: The case of Turkey(Pakistan Medical Association, 2018) Inkaya B.V.; Pakyüz S.C.Objectives: To establish whether case management had an effect on health perceptions and symptom relief in haemodialysis patients. Methods: The quasi-experimental study was conducted from March to December 2013 in Ankara, Turkey, at three private dialysis centres providing haemodialysis therapy. It comprised chronic haemodialysis patients who were divided into experimental and control groups. In the first interview, the experimental group was provided with extensive training about haemodialysis and a three-month follow-up was conducted through case management. The control group was provided training only in the final interview. Data was collected using the scale for perception of health in haemodialysis patients and the scale for complaints/symptoms in haemodialysis patients. SPSS 20 was used for analysis. Results: Of the 80 patients, 40(50%) were in each group. There was no significant difference in scale for perception of health in haemodialysis patients scores between first and final interviews (p>0.05), whereas the scale for complaints/symptoms in haemodialysis patients scores were lower in the final interview compared to the first p<0.05). In the control group, the scale for perception of health in haemodialysis patients scores were higher in the final interview compared to first (p<0.05). Conclusion: Case management was found to be an effective method for minimising negative health perceptions and complaints and symptoms in haemodialysis patients. © 2018, Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item Educational interventions for improved diet and fluid management in haemodialysis patients: An interventional study(Pakistan Medical Association, 2018) Düzalan Ö.B.; Pakyüz S.C.Objective: To evaluate the effect of education provided by the nurse on the knowledge and behaviours of haemodialysis patients about dietary and fluid restrictions. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at five publicly funded dialysis centres located in Istanbul Province, Turkey, in 2014, and comprised dialysis patients and controls. Data was collected using the Scale for Dietary Knowledge in Haemodialysis Patients and the Scale for Dietary Behaviours in Haemodialysis Patients. The dietary education was given to the intervention group. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the 80 patients, there were 40(50%) in each group. The overall mean age was 64.12±55.50 years, and 42(52.5 %) of the participants were male. After the education provided to the intervention group, the dietary knowledge and behaviours' post-test scores significantly increased compared to the pre-test scores, and the serum sodium level, pre-dialysis weight gain and diastolic blood pressure significantly decreased (p<0.05 each). Between the intervention and control groups, a significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test in serum sodium levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: The education provided by the nurse had a positive effect on the knowledge and behaviour of haemodialysis patients about dietary and fluid restrictions. © 2018, Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item Perception of problem solving skills in cancer patients according to certain variables and control focus(Pakistan Medical Association, 2018) Turkmen S.N.; Tavsanli N.G.Objective: To determine the perception of problem-solving skills in cancer patients related to control focus.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Manisa State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey, between May and December 2015, and comprised outpatients monitored by the Radiation Oncology department.Focus of control scale, problem solving inventory and a self-generated socio-demographic form were used as data collection instruments.SPSS 15 was used for data analysis.Results: Of the 263 subjects, 133(50.6%) were women and 130(49.4%) were men with an overall mean age of 56.98±12.32 years.Personality characteristics and their type of control focus affected problem solving skill (p<0.05).Gender, education level, income level, and status of obtaining help from family-type health professionals had an effect on their control focus type and problem solving (p<0.05).Conclusion: Personality characteristics and their type of focus influenced perception of problem solving in cancer patients. © 2018, Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item Turkish nursing students’ attitudes towards voluntary induced abortion(Pakistan Medical Association, 2018) Yanikkerem E.; Ertem G.; Üstgörül S.; Karakus A.; Baydar O.; Esmeray N.Objective: To evaluate Turkish nursing students' attitudes towards voluntary induced abortion. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2015, comprising students of Ege University Nursing Faculty and Celal Bayar University School of Health, located in two different cities of Turkey. Data was collected with a three-part questionnaire, focussing on students' characteristics, the knowledge of abortion law in Turkey and attitudes towards voluntary induced abortion. SPSS 15 was used for data analysis. Results: The mean score of students' attitude towards voluntary induced abortion was 39.8±7.9 which shows that nursing students moderately support abortion. Female students, students coming from upper class in society, and students who had higher family income and sexual experiences had more supportiveness attitudes towards voluntary induced abortion (p<0.05). Those who lived in a village before university life, who had extended family, and students of parents with low educational level, had lower score in this regard (p<0.05). Conclusion: Nursing students should be encouraged to behave non-judgmentally to women who want to have abortion. © 2018, Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item The factors affecting self-esteem, depression and body image of pregnant women in a state hospital in Turkey(Pakistan Medical Association, 2020) Cevik E.; Yanikkerem E.Objective: To determine the factors affecting self-esteem, depression and body image of pregnant women at gestational age ≥28 weeks. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Atatürk State Hospital, Balikesir, Turkey from April to October 2016, and comprised pregnant women presenting to the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Clinic. Data was collected using a questionnaire demographic characteristics, Body Image Scale, Beck Depression Inventory and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 385 women approached, 362(94.0%) participated. Their mean age was 26.0± 5.1 years. Those having graduated from a university and those who were employed had high self-esteem (p<0.05). Women whose husbands were unemployed, who had low family income and got married unwillingly, had low self-esteem and high depressive symptoms (p<0.05). In women whose husbands displayed negative attitudes towards their gaining weight during pregnancy, there was a negative relationship between depression and self-esteem scores (p<0.05), a positive correlation between self-esteem and body image scores (p<0.05), and a negative correlation between their body image and depression scores (p<0.05). Conclusion: Identification of the factors affecting women's perception of self-esteem, body image and possible depressive symptoms are important for the wellbeing of women and their family. © 2020 Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item To evaluate the effects of antidepressant drugs on pregnancy outcomes in a university hospital of Turkey(Pakistan Medical Association, 2021) Cavusoglu T.; Atak O.C.; Eser E.; Dariverenli E.; Akca P.; Olmez E.Objective: To assess the effects of antidepressant use on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pharmacology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey, and comprised pregnant women who were admitted to the Department of Gynaecology between 2008 and 2017 who had been prescribed antidepressant drugs before pregnancy and continued to use them during any week of their respective pregnancies. The women were contacted by telephone after delivery to obtain information about the pregnancy outcomes. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: There were 183 women with a mean age of 31.3 ± 5.3 years (range: 18-44 years). There were congenital defects in the newborn in 11(7.65%) cases. The most commonly used antidepressant group was selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor 138(75.4%), and escitalopram was the most frequently used drug 46(25.1%). Spontaneous abortion rate was higher with escitalopram than the other antidepressants (p=0.062). Induced abortion rate was significantly higher in multidrug users compared to those on a single drug (p<0.05). Conclusion: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor was found to be the most used class of antidepressants during pregnancy due to the low side effects and teratogenic effects. When antidepressant treatment is necessary during pregnancy, a single drug can be more suitable. © 2021 Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item Examining the relationship between symptoms watched in lung cancer patients and illness perception(Pakistan Medical Association, 2022) Ugur O.; Karadag E.; Mert H.; Sahin C.K.; Gurel T.Y.; Karakus H.S.Objective: To examine the relationship between the symptom experience of lung cancer patients and their illness perception of the disease. Methods: The descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted from April to September 2015 at the Chemotherapy Treatment Centre of the Medicine Chest Diseases Clinic at the Ege University, Izmir, Turkey, and comprised lung cancer patients of either gender aged >18 years. Data was collected using a predesigned Patient Questionnaire as well as the standard Lung Cancer Symptom Scale, Illness Perception Questionnaire and Karnofsky Performance Scale. The patients' sociodemographic characteristics and data on their illness, the symptoms they experienced and the numerical and percentage distribution of the items on the illness perception scale, mean and standard deviation values were examined. Pearson Correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between illness perception and Karnofsky Performance Scale scores and other variables. Results: Of the 105 patients, 86(81.9%) were males, 86(81.9%) were married, 49(46.7%) were elementary school graduates, 101(96.2%) were unemployed, and 95(90.5%) were receiving chemotherapy. The overall mean age of the sample was 61.43±8.24 years, the period since diagnosis was 11.38±17.84 months, and the duration of chemotherapy was 4.28±2.37 months. The mean symptom burden score was 22.75±10.85 and the Lung Cancer Symptom Scale score was 22.75±10.85. The mean score of the type of illness domain was 5.53±2.12. The overall mean global quality of life score was 64.30±12.60. Conclusions: As the symptom burden experienced by the lung cancer patients increased, their perception of the illness became more negative, and the longer the cyclical periods and the period of diagnosis, the patients' control over their illness decreased. © 2022 Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item The effect of the Covid-19 pandemic stressor on the state-trait anxiety level(Pakistan Medical Association, 2022) Unalan D.; Candan Z.A.; Dogan T.G.B.; Dogan S.; Baydur H.Objectives: To evaluate the effect that the coronavirus diseases-2019 pandemic will likely have on public and its impact on the state-trait anxiety level of the masses. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from May 28 to June 5, 2020, in Turkey, with Kayseri province being the first ring of the chain, and comprised adult citizens of either gender living in Turkey during the pandemic period who could use online technologies. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised was used to determine the effects of the pandemic on the public, and the State Anxiety Inventory and the Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to determine the anxiety level of the public. Data was analysed using SPSS 25 and Stata 14. Results: Of the 1507 subjects, 862(57.2%) were females and 645(42.8%) were males. The largest age group was 18- 29 years with 573(38%) sucjects, while the smallest group was aged >60 years with 53(3.5%) subjects. The mean score of State Anxiety Inventory was 39.3 }11.3 and mean Trait Anxiety Inventory score was 42.8 }8.7, while the Impact of Event Scale-Revised mean score was 27.4 }14.5. Each one unit increase in the Impact of Event Scale- Revised total score increased state anxiety score 1.10 times and trait anxiety score 1.07 times. Conclusions: Increasing age had a protective effect on state-trait anxiety. Consequently, an increase in Impact of Event Scale-Revised score led to an increase in the anxiety level. © 2022 Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.Item Exploring birth experience of mothers, based on comfort theory(Pakistan Medical Association, 2024) Okuyan Y.C.; Bolsoy N.; Cetinkaya A.Objective: To analyse the phenomenon of "giving birth" on the basis of the lived experiences of women and midwives. Method: The qualitative study was conducted in the delivery room of a mother-friendly hospital in western Turkey from March 1 to December 30, 2019, and comprised primiparous women aged 18-35 years having a spontaneous vaginal birth, and midwives who delivered the babies. Data was collected through indepth interviews that were audio-recorded. Additionally, women’s written birth stories and researcher’s observation regarding the participants were used. Data was subjected to content analysis using NVIVO 12 Pro software. Results: Of the 28 subjects 15(53.6%) were lay women with mean age 24.2±3.87 years (range: 18-30 years), and 13(46.4%) were midwives with mean age 42.61±4.50 years (range: 37-50 years). The most referred conceptual themes in Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort were “enhanced comfort”, “mother-friendly hospital policy”, and “midwives’ comforting interventions.” Under the theme of "Increasing Comfort", women cared about psychological and environmental comfort. Women had the most psychospiritual comfort and environmental comfort as well as physical and sociocultural comfort. Women cared about psychological and environmental comfort that facilitated birth. Conclusion: The mother-friendly hospital policy increased and contributed to the support and comfort provided to women. Kolcaba's Comfort Theory was an appropriate and working theory for birth and midwifery care, indicating that women's comfort should be ensured in the psychospiritual, environmental, physical and sociocultural contexts. © 2024 Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.