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Browsing by Publisher "Springer International Publishing"

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Trabectedin (ET-743) from marine tunicate for cancer treatment
(Springer International Publishing, 2015) Atmaca H.; Bozkurt E.
Trabectedin (Yondelis; ET-743) is a DNA binding agent that was originally derived from the marine tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata and is currently prepared synthetically. Its mechanism of action is different from the conventional alkylating agents used in cancer chemotherapy. Two of the three fused rings of trabectedin molecule are involved in the minor groove binding to DNA; forming DNA adducts on N2 position of guanine, and bends DNA towards the major groove, while the third is known to interact with different transcription factors and DNA-binding proteins. Trabectedin has been found to inhibit the proliferation of various tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. It is the first anticancer marine derived drug that has been approved by the European Union, Russia and South Korea for the treatment of advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma. Several Phase II clinical trials are also going on for several cancer types including breast and prostate. ï¿½ Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.
Strength comparison of ductile and brittle adhesives under single and repeated impacts
(Springer International Publishing, 2015) Kemiklioglu U.; Sayman O.; Batar T.; Soykok I.F.; Akderya T.; Akan E.
In this study, the failure strengths of adhesively bonded joints were investigated. The glass fiber epoxy composites used as adherends were manufactured by using vacuum assisted resin infusion method (VARIM). The adhesively joint materials were Loctite-9466 and DP-460 as a brittle and ductile material, respectively. Since the strengths of these materials are close to each other under static loading, the applied axial energies were determined using different levels of 5, 10, 15 and 20 Joules. In order to determine the energy characteristics of the experiments, axial impact loadings were applied as both single and repeated three times under the same conditions. The results showed that the failure strengths of these two different adhesives of Loctite-9466 and DP460 changed depending on single and three times repeated axial impact loadings. This paper is intended to give an overview between ductile and brittle adhesives under both single and repeated impacts. In addition, it will help for designers who need information on mechanical properties of ductile and brittle adhesives under single and repeated impacts. © 2015, Kemiklioglu et al. All Right Reserved.
A framework for data mining and knowledge discovery in cloud computing
(Springer International Publishing, 2016) Birant D.; Yildirim P.
The massive amounts of data being generated in the current world of information technology have increased from terabytes to petabytes in volume. The fact that extracting knowledge from large-scale data is a challenging issue creates a great demand for cloud computing because of its potential benefits such as scalable storage and processing services. Considering this motivation, this chapter introduces a novel framework, data mining in cloud computing (DMCC), that allows users to apply classification, clustering, and association rule mining methods on huge amounts of data efficiently by combining data mining, cloud computing, and parallel computing technologies. The chapter discusses the main architectural components, interfaces, features, and advantages of the proposed DMCC framework. This study also compares the running times when data mining algorithms are executed in serial and parallel in a cloud environment through DMCC framework. Experimental results show that DMCC greatly decreases the execution times of data mining algorithms. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016. All rights reserved.
Tannery wastewater sediments produced by clinoptiolite/polyacrylamide-aided flocculation as a clay additive in brick making
(Springer International Publishing, 2017) Köseoglu K.; Cengizler H.; Israil L.I.; Polat H.
Toxic tannery wastewater(s) (TWW) pose(s) a great risk to the environment. This study explores the potential of mitigating the harmful effects of TWW through sedimentation using clinoptiolite in the presence of various anionic, cationic and non-ionic flocculants with different molecular weights and charge densities followed by encapsulation in a brick structure for stability. Compressive strength (CS), size reduction after firing (SRAF), water absorption (WA) and colouring parameters of bricks were determined. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses were conducted on brick bodies. Kinetic leaching experiments were conducted for possible heavy metal release from the bricks. Bricks containing 10 wt% leather waste and 5 wt% clinoptiolite sintered at 800 °C instead of 920 °C possessed similar properties to the standard brick (SB). © 2017 Australian Ceramic Society.
A perceptual quality metric for dynamic triangle meshes
(Springer International Publishing, 2017) Yildiz Z.C.; Capin T.
A measure for assessing the quality of a 3D mesh is necessary in order to determine whether an operation on the mesh, such as watermarking or compression, affects the perceived quality. The studies on this field are limited when compared to the studies for 2D. In this work, we aim a full-reference perceptual quality metric for animated meshes to predict the visibility of local distortions on the mesh surface. The proposed visual quality metric is independent of connectivity and material attributes. Thus, it is not associated to a specific application and can be used for evaluating the effect of an arbitrary mesh processing method. We use a bottom-up approach incorporating both the spatial and temporal sensitivity of the human visual system. In this approach, the mesh sequences go through a pipeline which models the contrast sensitivity and channel decomposition mechanisms of the HVS. As the output of the method, a 3D probability map representing the visibility of distortions is generated. We have validated our method by a formal user experiment and obtained a promising correlation between the user responses and the proposed metric. Finally, we provide a dataset consisting of subjective user evaluation of the quality of public animation datasets. © 2017, The Author(s).
Finite element method simulation for the prediction of mechanical properties of three-dimensional periodic bioactive glass scaffolds
(Springer International Publishing, 2017) Deliormanll A.M.; Deliormanll A.H.
The desired mechanical properties of porous tissue engineering scaffolds may differ depending on the clinical applications. Therefore, it is crucial to be able to control these properties for specific cases. In the current study, cube shape, porous, silicate-based (13-93) bioactive glass scaffolds were fabricated by robotic deposition method. Scaffolds were prepared layer by layer to form constructs with a grid-like microstructure. After binder burnout, the constructs were sintered for 1 h at 700 °C to produce scaffolds consisting of dense bioactive glass struts (∼280 ± 20 μm in diameter) at different pore widths (300 ± 50, 600 ± 25, and 900 ± 50 μm). The mechanical response of the scaffolds in compression was measured experimentally. The stress analysis of the complete scaffolds with varying pore width and layer spacing parameters has been performed by finite element method (FEM) under compression to investigate the state of stress fields created within the scaffolds. Such an analysis can be used to vary several geometrical parameters and to choose the most suitable ones for the replacement of natural tissues. The compressive strengths predicted by the FEM simulations were successfully validated by comparison with experimental uniaxial compression test data, justifying the suitability of the present approach for the optimization purposes. © 2017 Australian Ceramic Society.
On the Developable Mannheim Offsets of Spacelike Ruled Surfaces
(Springer International Publishing, 2017) Önder M.; Uğurlu H.H.
In this paper, using the classifications of timelike and spacelike ruled surfaces, we define and study the Mannheim offsets of spacelike ruled surfaces in Minkowski 3-space. We give the conditions for offset surfaces to be developable. © 2017, Shiraz University.
Statistical e-Convergence of Double Sequences and its Application to Korovkin-Type Approximation Theorem for Functions of Two Variables
(Springer International Publishing, 2017) Sever Y.; Talo Ö.
In this paper, we have introduced the concept of statistical e-convergence and proved some fundamental properties of statistical e-convergence. In addition, we have introduced strongly e- | C10| -summability and examined the relationship between statistical e-convergence and strongly e- | C10| -summability of double sequences. Finally, we investigate a Korovkin-type approximation theorem for double sequences of positive linear operators on the space of all continuous real-valued functions defined on any compact subset of the real two-dimensional space. Then we display an application which shows that our new result is stronger than its classical version. © 2016, Shiraz University.
Indoor airborne fungal pollution in newborn units in Turkey
(Springer International Publishing, 2017) Demirel R.; Sen B.; Kadaifciler D.; Yoltas A.; Okten S.; Ozkale E.; Berikten D.; Samson R.A.; Haliki Uztan A.; Yilmaz N.; Abaci Gunyar O.; Aydogdu H.; Asan A.; Kivanc M.; Ozdil S.; Sakartepe E.
Pathogenic and/or opportunistic fungal species are major causes of nosocomial infections, especially in controlled environments where immunocompromised patients are hospitalized. Indoor fungal contamination in hospital air is associated with a wide range of adverse health effects. Regular determination of fungal spore counts in controlled hospital environments may help reduce the risk of fungal infections. Because infants have inchoate immune systems, they are given immunocompromised patient status. The aim of the present study was to evaluate culturable airborne fungi in the air of hospital newborn units in the Thrace, Marmara, Aegean, and Central Anatolia regions of Turkey. A total of 108 air samples were collected seasonally from newborn units in July 2012, October 2012, January 2013, and April 2013 by using an air sampler and dichloran 18% glycerol agar (DG18) as isolation media. We obtained 2593 fungal colonies comprising 370 fungal isolates representing 109 species of 28 genera, which were identified through multi-loci gene sequencing. Penicillium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Talaromyces, and Alternaria were the most abundant genera identified (35.14, 25.40, 17.57, 2.70, and 6.22% of the total, respectively). © 2017, Springer International Publishing AG.
A perceptual quality metric for dynamic triangle meshes
(Springer International Publishing, 2017) Çipiloğlu Yıldız, Zeynep; Capin, Tolga; Çipiloğlu Yıldız, Zeynep; Fakülteler > Mühendislik Ve Doğa Bilimleri Fakültesi > Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Bölümü
A measure for assessing the quality of a 3D mesh is necessary in order to determine whether an operation on the mesh, such as watermarking or compression, affects the perceived quality. The studies on this field are limited when compared to the studies for 2D. In this work, we aim a full-reference perceptual quality metric for animated meshes to predict the visibility of local distortions on the mesh surface. The proposed visual quality metric is independent of connectivity and material attributes. Thus, it is not associated to a specific application and can be used for evaluating the effect of an arbitrary mesh processing method. We use a bottom-up approach incorporating both the spatial and temporal sensitivity of the human visual system. In this approach, the mesh sequences go through a pipeline which models the contrast sensitivity and channel decomposition mechanisms of the HVS. As the output of the method, a 3D probability map representing the visibility of distortions is generated. We have validated our method by a formal user experiment and obtained a promising correlation between the user responses and the proposed metric. Finally, we provide a dataset consisting of subjective user evaluation of the quality of public animation datasets.
Comparative Study between Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method and Perturbation-Iteration Technique for Different Types of Nonlinear Equations
(Springer International Publishing, 2018) Bildik N.; Deniz S.
In this paper, we compare optimal homotopy asymptotic method and perturbation-iteration method to solve random nonlinear differential equations. Both of these methods are known to be new and very powerful for solving differential equations. We give some numerical examples to prove these claims. These illustrations are also used to check the convergence of the proposed methods. © 2016, Shiraz University.
Null Quaternionic Bertrand Partner Curves
(Springer International Publishing, 2018) Kahraman T.
In this paper, we study null quaternionic Bertrand curves in the semi-Euclidean spaces E13 and E14, respectively. We obtain some characterizations for null quaternionic Bertrand partner curves. We show that the constant distance between the quaternionic partner curves is independent from the first curvatures of the curves in both spaces E13 and E14. © 2017, Shiraz University.
Dielectrical, optical, and structural characterization of TiO2/PVA nanocomposite films for dielectric applications
(Springer International Publishing, 2018) Gultekin S.; Yildirim S.; Celik E.; Arican Alicikus L.Z.
In this study, titanium dioxide/poly(vinyl) alcohol (TiO2/PVA) nanocomposite thin films were prepared by a simple spin-coating method for dielectric applications. Structural, morphological, optical, and dielectric properties of samples were analyzed by XRD, SEM, AFM, UV-VIS, and dielectric measurements. The effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on these properties was investigated. It was found that TiO2 nanoparticles lead to increase the crystallinity of nanocomposites. As TiO2 content in the composite structure increases, while average transmittance values decrease, reflectance values increase. The dielectric parameters such as real and imaginary part of complex permittivity which are related to the stored energy and the dissipation (or loss) of energy were significantly affected by the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles. In addition, alternating current (A.C.) conductivity increased with increasing applied frequency. The A.C. conductivity also confirmed that all the samples exhibited the insulator behavior and obeyed the universal power law. © 2018, Australian Ceramic Society.
On Statistical e-Convergence of Double Sequences
(Springer International Publishing, 2018) Sever Y.; Talo Ö.
The concept of statistical e-convergence for a double sequence has been defined by Sever and Talo (Iran J Sci Technol Trans A Sci 41(3):851–857, 2017). In this paper we keep working on this convergence. We introduce the concepts of statistical e-limit superior and inferior and prove some fundamental properties of them. Further more by means of statistical e-convergence, we prove a Korovkin-type approximation theorem for double sequences of positive linear operators defined on the space of all 2 π-periodic and real valued-continuous functions on the real two-dimensional space. © 2018, Shiraz University.
AT-101 acts as anti-proliferative and hormone suppressive agent in mouse pituitary corticotroph tumor cells
(Springer International Publishing, 2018) Yurekli B.S.; Karaca B.; Kisim A.; Bozkurt E.; Atmaca H.; Cetinkalp S.; Ozgen G.; Yilmaz C.; Uzunoglu S.; Uslu R.; Saygili F.
Purpose: Gossypol, a naturally occurring compound in cottonseeds, has anticancer effects against several tumor cell lines. It has been extensively studied in clinical trials and is well tolerated with a favorable safety profile. AT-101, a derivative of R (−)-gossypol, binds to Bcl-2 family proteins and induces apoptosis in vitro. Although transsphenoidal surgical excision of the pituitary corticotroph adenoma is the gold standard of care, it is not successful all the time. Medical therapy for Cushing’s disease still remains a challenge for the clinicians. We aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of AT-101 in mouse pituitary corticotroph tumor AtT20 cells. Methods: Cytotoxic effect of AT-101 was assessed by XTT cell viability assay. Apoptosis was shown by measuring DNA fragmentation and Caspase-3/7 activity. Changes in mRNA expressions of apoptosis-related genes were investigated by qPCR array after treatment with AT-101. ACTH was measured by ACTH-EIA Kit. Results: AT-101 induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in AtT20 cells. mRNA levels of pro-apoptotic genes such as TNFR-SF-10B, Bid, PYCARD, Caspase-8, Caspase-3, and Caspase-7 were induced by 2.0-, 1.5-, 1.7-, 1.5-, 1.6-, and 2-fold, respectively, in AtT20 cells by AT-101 treatment. Moreover, some of the anti-apoptotic genes such as BCL2L10, NAIP1, and PAK-7 were reduced by 2.1-, 2.3-, 4.0-fold, respectively, in AtT20 cells. AT-101 also decreased ACTH secretion significantly. Conclusion: AT-101 induces apoptosis in mouse pituitary corticotroph tumor cells. © 2017, Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE).
Bioactive glass/hydroxyapatite- containing electrospun poly (ε-Caprolactone) composite nanofibers for bone tissue engineering
(Springer International Publishing, 2019) Deliormanlı A.M.; Konyalı R.
In this study, bioactive glass and hydroxyapatite (HA)-containing poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanocomposite fiber mats were fabricated through electrospinning. For this purpose, microscale bioactive glass (silicate-based 45S5 and borate-based 13-93B3 compositions) or HA particles (at 10 wt%) were incorporated into the PCL matrix. The fabricated biocomposite fibers were investigated in terms of morphological and chemical properties. An in vitro mineralization assay in simulated body fluid was performed to understand the capability of the composite electrospun fibers to induce the formation of hydroxycarbonate apatite. Results showed that the diameter of the electrospun PCL-based fibrous scaffolds increased by the inclusion of bioactive glass or HA particles. All of the fibrous mats prepared in the study showed hydrophobic character. Relatively high contact angles (> 90°) obtained for fibrous scaffolds was attributed to the high porosity and surface roughness. Bioactive glass or HA addition to the PCL matrix enhanced the bioactivity of the fibrous scaffolds. The deposition rate of calcium phosphate-based material precipitates was higher on the surface of HA-containing samples compared to bioactive glass-containing PCL scaffolds. Additionally, mineralization ability of borate-based 13-93B3 glass-containing samples was higher compared to 45S5 glass-containing PCL fibers. The biocomposite fibrous scaffolds prepared in the study may find applications in wound healing as wound dressing and in bone tissue engineering. © 2018, Australian Ceramic Society.
Inner Lining Reconstruction of the Nose
(Springer International Publishing, 2019) Daloglu M.; Eskiizmir G.; Zabolotny D.
The nose is lined with a thin, vascular mucosal epithelium, which is strongly adherent to the underlying osseous and cartilaginous tissues of the nose. The strength of this attachment to the underlying structures imposes limits on how much the mucosa can move, thus rendering 5 mm the maximum diameter of deficits which can close by primary intention. Burget outlined beautifully the principles supporting the practice of nasal reconstruction in his 1985 work. This work extends the framework of plastic surgery essentials on which surgical outcomes of the highest order depend. The principles underlying replacement are that deficits need to be substituted with tissue of a similar kind and similar amount. For example, relining of the nose needs to involve lining mucosa, cartilaginous tissue can replace cartilage, osseous tissue can replace bone, and donor site skin needs to resemble the missing skin in coloration and texture. The author has a preference for skin flaps rather than skin grafts precisely because of their better fit in terms of coloration and texture, their ability to resist contracting, and their ability to ensure a vascularized lining for the nasal skeletal elements. Nasal skin should ideally be replaced with other skin from the nose, provided a suitable donor site exists. Skin flaps ought to be the first choice since their advantages in terms of color and texture matching are greater than the drawback of extra scar formation. Template use is to be advised. When recreating lost sections, the nose as normally found offers a three-dimensional template to follow. Materials which are of a sufficient balance between rigidity and flexibility are essential for forming a template: suture packaging materials fits the bill well. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.
Internal Resonance of Axially Moving Beams with Masses
(Springer International Publishing, 2019) Sarıgül M.
Transverse vibrations of axially moving beams with multiple concentrated masses have been investigated. It is assumed that the beam is of Euler–Bernoulli type, and both ends have simply supports. Concentrated masses are equally distributed on the beam. This system is formulated mathematically and then sought to find out approximate solutions. In case of three-to-one internal resonance, analytical solutions are derived by means of method of multiple scales (a perturbation method). It is assumed that axial velocity of the beam is harmonically varying around a mean-constant velocity. Steady-state vibration characteristics are investigated from the amplitude-phase modulation equations. Then, the effects of both magnitude and number of the concentrated masses on nonlinear vibrations are investigated numerically in detail. © 2017, Shiraz University.
Local Nasal Flaps
(Springer International Publishing, 2019) Toker G.T.; Eskiizmir G.; Baker S.R.
Nose is a masterpiece because of its anatomy, physiology, and aesthetic appearance. It is located at the midface and involves three layers structurally: (1) outer covering (skin, subcutaneous tissue, and muscles), (2) framework (nasal bones, quadrangular cartilage, upper and lower lateral cartilages), and (3) inner lining (mucoperichondrium/periosteum and skin of the nasal vestibule). Moreover, it is aesthetically subdivided into different subunits according to its natural creases and/or boundaries: (1) dorsum, (2) sidewalls, (3) alar regions, (4) tip, and (5) columella. The outer covering is distinctive in each subunit and mainly grouped into three zones according to the degree of subcutaneous fat, skin thickness, sebaceous content, and mobility: (1) zone 1 has a non-sebaceous, thin, and mobile skin and includes upper dorsum and sidewalls; (2) zone 2 has a sebaceous, thick, and semimobile skin and includes supratip, tip, and alar lobules; and (3) zone 3 has a non-sebaceous, thin, nonmobile skin and includes soft tissue triangles, infratip lobules, and columella. Aesthetic improvement is of utmost important for nasal reconstruction. Therefore, reconstruction with a local flap is frequently preferred as a first-line surgical modality particularly for small to moderate nasal defects. Local nasal flaps may provide the ideal color and texture match using a healthy outer covering of nose. The most commonly used local nasal flaps are as follows: (1) bilobed flap, (2) rhombic flap, (3) dorsal advancement flap (Rintala flap), (4) dorsal nasal flap (Rieger flap), and (5) transposition flaps. This chapter describes the principles of nasal reconstruction with local nasal flaps and aims to guide surgeons in planning and decision-making with local nasal flaps in nasal reconstruction. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.
Management of Small Nasal Defects
(Springer International Publishing, 2019) Yiğider A.P.G.; Eskiizmir G.; Mesbahi A.R.
Repair of nasal defects has always been a great challenge for facial plastic surgeons. Because of heterogeneity of the nasal skin and being composed of different subunits, nasal reconstructive attempts are of great concern. In order to understand the underlying arguments of nasal reconstruction, first of all, we will briefly revise the anatomic structures of the nose. The nose is composed of nine subunits including the dorsum, sidewall, ala, tip, soft triangle, and columella. Moreover, it consists of three main layers: (i) outermost layer, (ii) cartilage and bony framework, and (iii) inner lining. The outermost layer of the nose is skin and considered together with supporting subcutaneous tissue and muscles of the nose. The second layer is composed of cartilaginous and bony framework, namely, uppermost part of quadrangular cartilage, upper and lower lateral cartilages, nasal bones, and part of maxilla. In the innermost layer, the mucoperichondrium/periosteum and skin of nasal vestibule are present. The defect in each layer should be evaluated separately and can be managed with any of single-step or multistep procedures. Either surgical technique ranging from primary closure, secondary intention, and skin grafting to local/regional skin flaps should provide the tissue characteristics such as texture, thickness, color, aging patterns, and tendency of hypo-/hyperpigmentation and nasal contouring similar to original nasal skin. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

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