Browsing by Publisher "Springer Japan"

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    The effect of simvastatin on serum cytokine levels and bone metabolism in postmenopausal subjects: Negative correlation between TNF-α, and anabolic bone parameters
    (Springer Japan, 2004) Tikiz C.; Ünlü Z.; Tikiz H.; Ay K.; Angin A.; Onur E.; Var A.; Tüzün Ç.
    In this prospective study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of simvastatin on bone metabolism and the correlation between changes in bone turnover parameters and serum cytokine levels. For this purpose, 38 postmenopausal subjects with hypercholesterolemia (>240mg/dl), not on osteoporosis treatment, were studied. Simvastatin was started at a dose of 20mg daily and continued for 3 months. Six patients were excluded from the study during the follow-up period. Pre- and post-treatment samples were analyzed for bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and osteocalcin (OCL), as markers of bone formation; for carboxyterminal telopeptide of collagen I (CTX), as a marker of bone resorption; and for interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) cytokine levels. Total cholesterol level was decreased from 262.1 ± 30.9 to 210.2 ± 35.6mg/dl after simvastatin treatment (P < 0.0001). While no significant change was observed in serum CTX level, BAP and OCL levels were significantly increased (from 120.8 ± 56.6 to 149.5 ± 57.6 IU/I [P = 0.008], and from 20.8 ± 12.6 to 34.7 ± 18.4 μg/l [P = 0.015], respectively). In the analysis of cytokines, while no significant change was observed in IL-6 levels, the TNF-α level was found to be significantly decreased after simvastatin treatment (from 77.9 ± 31.6 pg/ml to 23.5 ± 12.6 pg/ml [P = 0.021]). Individual changes in TNF-α levels showed a moderate negative correlation with the individual changes in BAP and OCL levels (r = -0.550 [P = 0.001], and r = -0.497 [P = 0.004], respectively). In conclusion; 20-mg daily simvastatin treatment for 3 months significantly increased BAP and OCL levels (markers of bone formation) in hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal subjects, without affecting bone resorption. These findings support the idea that simvastatin has an anabolic effect on bone formation. Additionally, the presence of a negative correlation between TNF-α levels and the anabolic bone parameters suggests that a cytokine-lowering effect of simvastatin may also be involved in the remodeling process and could exert some additive beneficial effect on bone metabolism.
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    Reference ranges of liver and spleen dimensions in term infants: sonographic measurements
    (Springer Japan, 2015) Kahramaner Z.; Erdemir A.; Arik B.; Bilgili G.; Tekin M.; Genc Y.
    Methods: In this prospective study, spleen and liver dimensions were evaluated in 384 healthy newborns with a gestation age ≥37 weeks in an obstetrics clinic and neonatal intensive care unit with sonography within the first week of life. Relationships of all dimensions with sex, gestational age, height, and weight were statistically analyzed.; Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the two sexes in any dimensions of the liver and spleen (p > 0.05). Longitudinal and anteroposterior dimensions of the liver and spleen showed no correlation with the gestational age. All dimensions of the liver and spleen showed a high correlation with the height and weight. Weight was the best correlated with all dimensions.; Conclusion: The reference values of spleen and liver lengths and diagrams from this study may be useful in the sonographic evaluation of the spleen and liver in newborns.; Purpose: To determine reference values of ultrasonographic measurements of the liver and spleen in newborns and to provide a reference chart to use easily in daily practice. © 2014, The Japan Society of Ultrasonics in Medicine.
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    Prognostic factors in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who have treated with Atezolizumab
    (Springer Japan, 2021) Tural D.; Ölmez Ö.F.; Sümbül A.T.; Özhan N.; Çakar B.; Köstek O.; Ekenel M.; Erman M.; Coşkun H.Ş.; Selçukbiricik F.; Keskin Ö.; Türköz F.P.; Oruç K.; Bayram S.; Bilgetekin İ.; Yıldız B.; Şendur M.A.N.; Paksoy N.; Dirican A.; Erdem D.; Selam M.; Tanrıverdi Ö.; Paydaş S.; Urakçı Z.; Atağ E.; Güncan S.; Ürün Y.; Alkan A.; Kaya A.O.; Özyükseler D.T.; Taşkaynatan H.; Yıldırım M.; Sönmez M.; Başoğlu T.; Gündüz Ş.; Kılıçkap S.; Artaç M.
    Background: Atezolizumab (ATZ) has demonstrated antitumor activity and manageable safety in previous studies of patients with metastatic platinum-resistant urothelial carcinoma. However, the response rate of Atezolizumab was modest. In the current study, we evaluated the pretreatment prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who have progressed after first-line chemotherapy in the Expanded-Access Program of Atezolizumab. Patients and methods: In this study, we present a retrospective analysis of 113 patients with urothelial cancer treated with ATZ after progression on first-line chemotherapy. Data of the patients was obtained from patient files and hospital records. Eligible patients included metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients treated with at least one course of ATZ. Univariate analysis was used to identify clinical and laboratory factors that significantly impact OS. Variables were retained for multivariate analysis if they had a statistical relationship with OS (p < 0.1), and then included a final model of p < 0.05. Results: The median follow-up duration was 23.5 months. Of the patients, 98 (86.7%) were male and 13.3% were female. The median age was 65 years of age (37–86). In univariate analysis, primary tumor location in the upper tract, increasing absolute neutrophil count (ANC), increasing absolute lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 3, liver metastases, baseline creatinine clearance less (GFR) than 60 ml/min, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (1 ≥), and hemoglobin levels below 10 mg/dl were all the significantly associated with OS. Three of the five adverse prognostic factors according to the Bellmunt criteria were independent of short survival: liver metastases HR 3.105; 95% CI 1.673–5.761; p < (0.001), ECOG PS (1 ≥) HR 2.184; 95% CI 1.120–4.256; p = 0.022, and Hemoglobin level below 10 mg/dl HR 2.680; 95% CI 1.558–4.608; p < (0.001). In addition, NLR > 3 hazard ratio [HR] 2.092; 95% CI 1.031–4.243; p = 0.041 and GFR less than 60 ml/min HR 1.829; 95% CI 1.1–3.041; p = 0.02, maintained a significant association with OS in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: This model confirms the Bellmunt model with the addition of NLR > 3 and GFR less than 60 ml/min and can be associated with clinical trials that use immunotherapy in patients with bladder cancer. © 2021, Japan Society of Clinical Oncology.
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    Changes in optic nerve head and macula optical coherence tomography angiography parameters before and after trabeculectomy
    (Springer Japan, 2022) Güngör D.; Kayıkçıoğlu Ö.R.; Altınışık M.; Doğruya S.
    Purpose: To evaluate the effects of lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) on foveal avascular zone (FAZ), peripapillary and macular vessel density (VD) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with open angle glaucoma after trabeculectomy. Study design: Prospective study Methods: Twenty eyes of 20 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) or exfoliation glaucoma (EG) who were followed up to six months and underwent trabeculectomy were included in our study. OCTA, AngioVue (Optovue Inc.) software was used to analyse the FAZ, peripapillary VD, macular superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) VD. The parameters of the preoperative and postoperative controls were compared statistically. Results: Twelve of the patients (60%) had POAG and eight (40%) had EG. Mean IOP measured was 22.4±2.4 mmHg preoperatively and 14.9±2.4 mmHg in the postoperative sixth month (p <0.001). There were no significant changes in OCTA optic disc and macular SCP VD values at the end of the sixth month. In macular DCP parameters; whole image VD (WI-VD), foveal VD (F-VD), parafoveal VD (PAF-VD) and perifoveal VD (PEF-VD) values increased statistically (p=0.003; p=0.026; p=0.006; p=0.004). There was a statistically significant decrease in FAZ area (FAZ-A) and FAZ perimeter (FAZ-P); and a significant increase was found in foveal density values (FD) (p=0.026; p=0.049; p=0.005). Conclusions: We found that reducing IOP by trabeculectomy did not affect the microcirculation of the peripapillary region and macular SCP, while there was a significant increase in the DCP parameters of the macular region. © 2022, Japanese Ophthalmological Society.