Browsing by Subject "Iron chelating"

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    Modelling of polyphenol and flavonoid extraction from bottle gourd fruit using green and cost effective LTTM glycerol-ammonium acetate in neat and diluted forms
    (Springer, 2022) Amin R.; Ahmed D.; Aydar A.Y.; Qamar M.T.
    The current study investigated the effectiveness of a low-cost, safe and green LTTM (low-transition-temperature mixture) GAA (glycerol-ammonium acetate) for extraction of bioactive biomolecules form bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) fruit. Two forms of LTTM, neat and diluted with ethanol, were compared. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for optimization using the Box-Behnken design consisting of three-factors, each with three levels. Total polyphenols (TP), total flavonoids (TF), anti-radical activity (ARA), and iron chelating activity (ICA) were dependent variables, while time, temperature, speed, and solvent concentrations were independent variables. Second order polynomial models were well fitted for the responses in both solvent systems. For GAA-ethanol extraction, TP, TF, ICA, and anti-radical activity were 14.47 mg GAE/g, 4.93 mg RE/g, 12.21% and 36.43%, respectively, at optimum conditions of extraction time (42 min), temperature (42 °C), and solvent ratio (56%). For GAA extraction, the values 4.50 mg GAE/g, 2.86 mg RE/g, and 70.21% were obtained for TP, TF, and anti-radical activity, respectively, at optimized extraction conditions of speed 300 RPM, temperature 50 °C and solvent-to-solid ratio 10 mL/g. For anti-radical activity of GAA and GAA-ethanol extracts, the error rates between predicted and observed values were extremely low (3.35% and 3.88%, respectively), which demonstrated the suggested quadratic polynomial models as adequate for predicting this activity under any set of extraction conditions. With the error rate of 15.09%, the extraction of TP with GAA can also be quite adequately modelled. The study demonstrated GAA as a green and efficient solvent for extraction of polyphenols and other antioxidant biomolecules from L. siceraria fruit and the optimized process can be used for maximum extraction of antioxidants from it. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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    Ultrasound-assisted extraction optimization of polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant compounds from fruit of Melia azedarach using a glycerol-based green deep eutectic solvent
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Jamshaid S.; Ahmed D.; Aydar A.Y.
    For sustainable extraction of bioactive components from Melia azedarach fruit, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and a green deep eutectic solvent (DES) glycerol-ammonium acetate (GAA) were studied with optimization under response surface methodology with variables temperature, amplitude, and DES concentration (DC). The three-level, three-factorial Box–Behnken design (BBD) was applied to study three extraction conditions: temperature (30–50°C), amplitude (50%–100%), and DES concentration (50%–90%) to obtain highest level of total phenol (TP), total flavonoid (TF), iron chelating activity (ICA), and anti-radical activity (DPPH). The optimized conditions for the responses were 50°C temperature, 50% DC, and 100% amplitude and the observed values for TP, TF, ICA, and DPPH were found 17.11 mg GAE /g DW, 11.33 mg RE/g DW, 52.66%, and 72.84%, respectively. The model was strongly supported by validation study, which indicates GAA-UAE is an effective green method for extracting bioactives from M. azedarach and the lower error rates (≤5.60) between predicted and observed values for TP, ICA, and DPPH models showed that these responses are more predictable compared with those of TF. Practical applications: The study proposes an ultrasound-assisted green and efficient approach for extraction of bioactive natural products from the fruit of the medicinal plant Melia azedarach. The optimized method developed can be used to obtain polyphenols, flavonoids, and other antioxidant bioactives from this abundantly available plant for industrial application for various medicinal and food preservation purposes. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.