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Item Genetic dissimilarities between wild olives by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay(ACADEMIC JOURNALS) Sesli, M; Yegenoglu, EDOlive, being a fruit of subtropical climate and recognized to have significant importance in terms of human health, is being investigated with different aspects. Wild olives are valuable in the sense that they contain the sources of stability and they can be separated by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. In this study, a total of 59 primers were used for the purpose of determining the DNA fingerprints of 12 wild olives obtained from different provinces of Aegean region, and 92 polymorphic bands were yielded. Mean number of polymorphic bands per individual was calculated as 7.67 and number of polymorphic bands per scorable primer was calculated as 4.6. Specific DNA markers are important for determining the genetic relation among wild subspecies in olives. The purpose of this study is to identify the wild olives by using RAPD analysis. In conclusion, the genetic relation between wild olives were determined through Jaccard, Sorensen Dice, Simple Matching coefficients, (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages) UPGMA and neighbor joining method by using the data obtained with RAPD.Item The Role of Immunohistochemistry in Differential Diagnosis of Follicular Patterned Lesions of Thyroid(FEDERATION TURKISH PATHOLOGY SOC) Yegen, G; Demir, MA; Ertan, Y; Nalbant, OAK; Tunçyürek, MObjective: In the present study we aimed to assess the role of galectin3, cytokeratin 19, thyroid peroxidase and CD44v6 in distinguishing benign from malignant follicular lesions. Material and Method: Fifty-four malignant and 50 benign lesions were evaluated and classified according to World Health Organization 2004 histological classification. Galectin-3, cytokeratin 19, thyroid peroxidase and CD44v6 were performed immunohistochemically and the slides were evaluated by two independent investigators. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy were assessed for each antibody tested. Results: Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy were as follows respectively: Galectin-3: 59,25%, 84% and 71,15%; Cytokeratin 19: 70%, 82% and 75,4%; Thyroid peroxidase: 61%, 70% and 65,4%; CD44v6: 20,4%, 88% and 52,9%. Conclusion: The negativity for Galectin-3 and Cytokeratin 19 can not exclude malignancy but positivity can be thought as a sign of malignant feature or potential for lesions in which there is strong suspect of malignancy. Thyroid peroxidase immunostaining failed to differantiate benign from malignant oxyphilic tumors but decreased expression can be used as a malignancy marker together with Galectin-3 and/or Cytokeratin19 positivity in suspicious cases. CD44v6 does not seem to be reliable in distinguishing benign from malignant follicular patterned thyroid lesions. In conclusion, our approach is to take as much new samples or serial sections as possible in cases without clear-cut evidence of malignancy but with histological and immunohistochemical suspicion. Follicular variant papillary carcinoma has different criteria for malignancy and it should be always kept in mind while evaluating a benign-looking lesion with immunohistochemical signs that favor malignancy.Item Do Walking Programs Affect C-Reactive Protein, Osteoprotegerin and Soluble Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-Kappaβ Ligand?(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH) Esen, H; Büyükyazi, G; Ulman, C; Taneli, F; Ari, Z; Gözlükaya, F; Tikiz, HAim: To examine the effects of 10-week walking programs on maximal oxygen consumption, body composition, serum lipids, highly-sensitive C-reactive protein, osteoprotegerin and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa beta ligand. Method: Twenty-seven middle-aged men (40-60years) walked for ten weeks, five days per week, 40-52min per day at either moderate or high intensity (similar to 5.95 +/- 0.26km/h and similar to 7.64 +/- 0.36km/h; 50-55% and 70-75% maximum heart rate reserve, respectively). Non-walking, sedentary men served as controls (n=13). Estimated maximal oxygen consumption, body composition, lipid profile, highly-sensitive C-reactive protein, osteoprotegerin and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa beta ligand were determined before and after the study. Results: After 10 weeks, estimated maximal oxygen consumption improved in both exercise groups (p<.05), favoring high-intensity group (p<.05). Body weight, percent body fat, and body mass index reduced significantly in both exercise groups (p<.05). Walking programs did not cause any significant changes in blood lipids, highly-sensitive C-reactive protein, and osteoprotegerin levels; however, soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa beta ligand levels were found to decrease in high-intensity group (p<.05) and the change observed in both exercise groups was different from the change in control group (p<.05). Conclusion: For protective effects against cardiac risk factors and arterial calcification, high-intensity walking programs are advisable due to the greater improvements in soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa beta ligand and estimated maximal oxygen consumption.Item Elevated glucose level at 30 minutes during an oral glucose tolerance test in obese adolescents: a new disorder of glucose tolerance(JAPAN ENDOCRINE SOC) Kabaroglu, C; Ersoy, B; Onur, E; Özhan, B; Erdin, S; Var, A; Bayindir, O; Dinç, GWe observed glucose levels >140 mg/dL measured at 30 minutes (min) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in some obese patients. We aimed to investigate the significance of this finding by comparing lipid profiles, insulin resistance indices, and systemic inflammatory mediators between obese adolescents with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and elevated glucose levels at 30 min. The study involved 80 obese (body mass index >95th percentile for age and sex) adolescents (48 female, 32 male) between 11 and 16 years of age. Depending on OGTT results, patients were divided into NGT and IGT groups. The third group was recruited from the NOT group as having glucose levels > 140 mg/dL at 30 minutes. Lipid profiles, [interleukin-6 (IL-6)], neopterin, and lipoprotein associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2))] were assessed. Neopterin and Lp-PLA(2) levels were significantly higher in obese adolescents with elevated glucose levels at 30 min. compared with those in both NGT and IGT groups (p=0.013, and 0.004, respectively). In these adolescents, IL-6 levels were significantly higher only than the NOT group (p=0.01). In logistic regression analysis, IL-6, neopterin and Lp-PLA(2) levels were detected to be related to high blood glucose levels at 30 min (OR 1.11, p = 0.01; OR 9.03, p=0.013; OR 1.01, p=0.004 respectively). Obese adolescents with elevated glucose levels at 30 min. demonstrated higher inflammatory mediators levels, which were atherosclerotic indicators, than obese adolescents with NGT and IGT. These results suggest that glucose levels >140 mg/dL measured at 30 min during an OGTT may be a new disorder of glucose tolerance in obesity.Item Relationship of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and procalcitonin levels with the presence and severity of the preeclampsia(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD) Artunc-Ulkumen, B; Guvenc, Y; Goker, A; Gozukara, CObjective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in maternal serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and procalcitonin (PCT) concentrations in preeclampsia. Material and method: This case-control study consisted of 40 preeclamptic and 40 healthy singleton pregnancies matched for age and body mass index. Serum NGAL and PCT levels were compared between the groups. Diagnostic performance and clinical association of these markers were evaluated. Results: NGAL and PCT concentrations were significantly higher in preeclamptic group (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.001, respectively) and their levels were correlated with the severity of the preeclampsia. There were significant positive correlation between these markers and mean arterial pressure (MAP) and spot urine protein excretion. There was negative correlation between NGAL and apgar scores and fetal birth weight. Pregnancies with higher NGAL (OR: 4.89; 95% CI: 1.81-13.21) and higher PCT (OR: 6.67; 95% CI: 2.44-18.21) concentrations had higher risk for preeclampsia. Conclusion: NGAL and PCT may be potential biomarkers for preeclampsia. Their levels increase significantly in preeclampsia and they are related to the severity of the disease. These results are in agreement with the generalized endothelial damage and persistant inflammatory status in preeclampsia. NGAL may also be an indicator for adverse neonatal outcomes with decreased placental hypoperfusion.Item Diagnostic and prognostic value of procalcitonin and sTREM-1 levels in sepsis(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey) Bayram, H; Tünger, Ö; Çivi, M; Yüceyar, MH; Ulman, C; Horasan, GD; Çetin, CBBackground/aim: Sepsis is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality despite the improvements in diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the values of procalcitonin and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) in the differential diagnosis of patients with sepsis and noninfectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome (NI-SIRS) and measure their importance in the prognosis of patients with sepsis. Materials and methods: This prospective study included 41 NI-SIRS and 33 sepsis patients hospitalized in Celal Bayar University Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. Blood samples were taken from NI-SIRS patients on days 0 and 3 and from sepsis patients on days 0, 3, 4, 7, and 14. Clinical status of the patients was determined with the SOFA scoring system. Results: The SOFA scoring system and procalcitonin and sTREM-1 measurements were significant in the differential diagnosis of sepsis and NI-SIRS patients. The SOFA scoring system was considered the most important indicator in determining the prognosis of sepsis patients. Procalcitonin and sTREM-1 levels increased progressively in nonsurvivors and decreased in survivors, but changes were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: In the differentiation of sepsis and NI-SIRS, and evaluation of the prognosis of sepsis, combined measurements of procalcitonin and sTREM-1 levels are important.Item Changes in distribution patterns of integrins in endometrium in copper T380 intrauterine device users(ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG) Oruç, S; Vatansever, HS; Karaer, Ö; Eskicioglu, F; Narlikuyu, BIntrauterine contraception is the most cost-effective reversible method of contraception today, but its mechanism of action is not well understood. Our objective was to investigate immunohistochemical. distribution patterns of xv, x3, beta 1 integrins in women using a copper T380 intrauterine device (IUD) for different periods of time to obtain insight into the rote of integrins in intrauterine contraception. Endometrial biopsies were obtained from patients using T Cu380A IUD in follicular and luteat phases and in menopausal women grouped according to the period of time of IUD use (group 1: < 3 year, and group 2: >= 3 years). Each group consisted of 10 patients, with a total number of 60 patients. Labelling intensity of at integrins, except for beta 1 which increased in the follicular phase, were decreased in women who used IUD for >= 3 years when compared with group 1 in the follicular and luteat phases and in the menopause. We conclude that long-term use of IUD affects integrin expression in endometrium not only in follicular and luteat phases of premenopausal women but also in postmenopausal women. Copper IUD can inhibit binding of integrins to the extracellular matrix and it may cause inhibition of the implantation stage, which is crucial for pregnancy. (c) 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Item Compare various combinations of similarity coefficients and clustering methods for Olea europaea sativa(ACADEMIC JOURNALS) Sesli, M; Yegenoglu, EDThe aim of the study was to compared the genetic similarity coefficients (Jaccard, Dice, Simple Matching) and different clustering methods (UPGMA, WPGMA, Single Linkage and Complete Linkage) combinations for cultivated olives. A total of 12 samples, Gemlik, Manzanilla, Edremit, Domat, Uslu and Memecik cultivars were screened with RAPD-PCR analysis by Operon random primers OP-Q kit. The closest samples based on their genetic similarity values have been found as 'Edremit and Gemlik 5' and the most distant ones have been found as 'Manzanilla 1 and Gemlik 3' in both of Dice and Jaccard coefficients; whereas, in simple-matching coefficient, the closest samples based on their genetic similarities have been determined as Edremit and Gemlik 5 and the most distant ones have been determined as Manzanilla 1 and Gemlik 3 and also Manzanilla 1 and Gemlik 4. The results from Mantel test of original matrices show that the correlation between Jaccard and Dice similarity matrices was high and significant (0.9971). UPGMA clustering for Dice coefficient was given a highest cophenetic correlation as 0.9571 and Complete linkage clustering for Simple Matching was yielded a lowest correlation value as 0.8992. The results obtained from consensus indices shown that Consensus fork index was found (CI(C) = 0, 9000) in Jaccard and Dice coefficients. Simple Matching coefficient had very low values with the Dice and Jaccard coefficients (CI(C) = 0.1000). PCO analysis provided results matching up one-to-one with the data obtained from Dice and Jaccard coefficient UPGMAs.Item The Relationship of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness with Cell Adhesion Molecules and Pentraxin-3 in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis(GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG) Gündüz, ÖS; Alptürker, KA; Sen, MG; Can, F; Erdal, S; Ulman, C; Pirildar, TAim Cardiovascular morbidity is increased in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) compared to the general population. Several recent studies have indicated that pentraxin 3 (PTX-3) and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) might be independent biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship of CAMs and PTX-3 with carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in patients with PsA and to compare CIMT and serum levels of these biomarkers in patients with healthy controls (HCs). Method PsA patients fulfilling the CASPAR (Classification criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis) criteria without traditional cardiovascular (CV) comorbidity and HCs without autoimmune and/or CV disease were included in this cross-sectional study. Carotid artery Doppler ultrasound examinations were conducted by a single radiologist blinded to the participants' clinical characteristics. Serum vascular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, and PTX-3 concentrations were analized. Results 43 PsA patients (27 females, mean age 42.49 +/- 11.70 years, and a mean disease duration of 9.37 +/- 7.96 years) and 37 HCs (28 females, mean age 42.16 +/- 11.38 years) were included. In regression analyses, age and PTX-3 were found to be the best predictors of CIMT in patients with PsA. CIMT was significantly higher in PsA patients compared with HCs (0.63 +/- 0.18 vs. 0.49 +/- 0.10 mm, p<0.01). In te PsA group, serum levels of PTX-3, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 were also significantly higher than HCs. CIMT correlated positively with age, disease duration, PTX-3, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 (p<0.05). Conclusion In our study, age and serum level of PTX-3 were found to be the predictors of CIMT in patients with PsA without CV comorbidity. This outcome highlights the importance of monitoring CIMT and serum level of PTX-3 as CV risk factors in PsA patients.Item The mean platelet volume may predict the development of isolated bone metastases in patients with breast cancer: a retrospective study of the Young Researchers Committee of the Turkish Oncology Group (TOG)(ZERBINIS MEDICAL PUBL) Tanriverdi, O; Menekse, S; Teker, F; Oktay, E; Pilanci, KN; Gunaldi, M; Kocar, M; Kacan, T; Bahceci, A; Avci, N; Akman, T; Cokmert, S; Yesil-Cinkir, H; Yanmaz, MTPurpose: To determine the predictive value of the mean platelet volume (MPV) and the MPV/platelet count ratio on the development of isolated bone metastasis in patients with breast cancer. Methods: A total of 121 previously untreated female patients with isolated bone metastases from breast cancer (group 1) were included in this retrospective cohort study. The patients enrolled in this study had similar age, biological subtypes, and duration of follow-up after diagnosis. Group 1 was compared with both 71 previously untreated women with breast cancer with no metastases at all (group 2) and 39 healthy women (group 3). Demographic data, laboratory tests and histological features of all of the patients in groups 1 and 2 were recorded and the study variables from each of the three groups were compared. Results: In group 1, the cut-off value (9.2 fL) for the MPV was determined and patients were stratified into 4 subgroups. The MPV was higher in group 1 than in either group 2 or group 3. Group 1 patients had a MPV of 8.8 +/- 3.1 fL (mean 5.1, range: 6.1-15.6) and the cut-off value for MPV was 9.2fl. For patients in group 1, the MPV distribution was stratified into 4 groups as follows: group A included MPV values <6.08 fL, in group B values ranged from 6.09 to 8.46 fL, group C included values from 8.47 to 10.05 fL, and group D included patients with MPV values >10.06fL. MPV and the presence of lymphovascular invasion were found to be independent risk factors for the development of isolated bone metastases. Conclusion: We concluded that MPV can be used to predict the development of isolated bone metastases.Item Relationship between C-reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio and Subclinical Inflammation in Patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever(GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG) Onder, ENA; Cam, FS; Ertan, PBackground Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), which is characterised by recurrent episodes of fever with serositis, is associated with ongoing inflammation without clinical findings during attack-free periods, leading to amyloidosis, the most important complication of FMF. The objective of this study was to investigate the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) as a marker to identify subclinical inflammation in symptom-free FMF children and compare the CAR with other systemic inflammatory markers such as mean platelet volume (MPV), red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil/ lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Material and Methods We included 100 patients and 70 healthy subjects. Hospital records were obtained to collect data on laboratory findings and genetic mutations. Results We found that the CAR levels of our FMF patients were significantly higher than those of the control group. We also evaluated that the CAR values had a higher area-under-thecurve value than the other systemic inflammation parameters including CRP, MPV, RDW, NLR, PLR based on Receiver-Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis. Conclusion It is important to identify subclinical inflammation in FMF patients with simple, reliable, easily accessible markers to avoid amyloidosis. Although the CAR might be used to assess subclinical inflammation in paediatric FMF patients, the prognostic value of CAR is not superior to CRP. Merging CRP and albumin into a single index thus provides no additional benefit in detecting subclinical inflammation in FMF.Item Relationship between appendicitis and diameter of ileocecal lipomatosis and also ileocecal angle(SPRINGER FRANCE) Börekci, H; Serin, HI; Bas, H; Börekci, EPurpose One of the most widespread surgical conditions is acute appendicitis in industrialized countries. Nevertheless, diagnosis of borderline cases is mostly troublesome and needs subsequent researches. For this reason, we aimed to investigate new parameters to improve estimation of acute appendicitis. Lymphoid hyperplasia, impacted stool, faecolith, caecal or appendiceal tumors have been accepted as causes of appendicitis formation, but anatomic variations of diameter of ileocecal lipomatosis and ileocecal angle have been never discussed before. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between appendicitis and diameter of ileocecal lipomatosis and ileocecal angle. Materials and methods 96 Patients (51 women, 45 men) who were found to have acute appendicitis during exploration and 67 patients (32 women, 35 men) who were not pre-diagnosed with acute appendicitis were enrolled in the study. The diameter of ileocecal lipomatosis and also ileocecal angle values were obtained via computed tomography (CT) scans. Results There were no significant differences between two groups in the mean of ileocecal angle (p > 0.05) but diameter of ileocecal lipomatosis values was significantly higher in the appendicitis-positive group compared with the appendicitis-negative group (p: 0.001). Conclusions There is a relationship between increase in diameter of ileocecal lipomatosis and appendicitis formation.Item Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet distribution width: A potential new peripheral biomarker in adolescent depression(KLINIK PSIKIYATRI DERGISI) Ozturk, M; Ozkan, Y; Sapmaz, SY; Kandemir, HObjective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of inflammation in the underlying pathophysiology of ado-lescent depression by evaluating neutrophile-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and hemogram parameters and also to determine whether there is a relationship between depression severity and inflammatory parameters. Method: This retrospective study was carried out on 93 major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and 65 healthy control. Clinical features such as diagnosis date, diagnosis during admission to hospital using DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, comorbid phys-ical and psychiatric illness, drug use, previous psychiatric diagnosis, history of suicide attempt were determined. In addition, hemogram parameters of the participant included in the study in the hospital data system were used. Results: NLR and platelet distribution width (PDW) were found to be statistically significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (p<0.05). A weakly significant positive correlation (p =0.039, r=0.165) was found between NLR and depression seve-rity scale; a positive correlation was found between PDW and depression scale scores and depression severity scale total scores (p<0.001, r=0.317; p<0.001, r=0.320, respectively). Discussion: NLR and PDW were found to be significantly higher in patients with MDD than in healthy controls, and it supports the possible role of low-grade inflammation in the pathophysiology of MDD. In the next years, prospective studies in which hemogram parameters are evaluated together with proinflammato-ry cytokines will more clearly illuminate the role of inflammation and platelet activation in the etiology of MDD in adolescents.Item Single voxel in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of breast lesions: experience in 77 cases(AVES) Basara, I; Örgüç, S; Coskun, TPURPOSE We aimed to determine the value of in vivo single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in characterizing breast lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast MRS was performed in 77 patients. Choline resonance peak at 3.2 parts per million (ppm) was defined positive when it was at least two times higher than baseline. MRS findings were compared with the final diagnosis of cases for two different values (3.23 and 3.28 ppm). RESULTS Thirty-one malignant and 13 benign lesions had choline peaks. Sensitivity was 84%, specificity was 64%. Positive likelihood ratio (LHR) was 2.32, negative LHR was 0.25. Twenty-two malignant and 5 benign lesions had a peak at 3.23 ppm. Nine malignant and 8 benign lesions had a peak at 3.28 ppm. When 3.23 ppm was accepted as positive; sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative LHRs were 79%, 82%, 4.4, and 0.26, respectively. CONCLUSION MRS provides additional parameters on evaluation of breast lesions. However, MRS of breast has some false negative results, thus it is still insufficient in clinical diagnosis.Item Serum osteocalcin levels in hyperthyroidism before and after antithyroid therapy(TOHOKU UNIV MEDICAL PRESS) Barsal, G; Taneli, F; Atay, A; Hekimsoy, Z; Erciyas, FHyperthyroidism is characterized by accelerated bone turnover, caused from direct stimulation of bone cells by increased thyroid hormones. In this study, we aimed to investigate serum osteocalcin levels as a bone formation marker, before antithyroid (propylthiouracil) therapy at hyperthyroid stage and after antithyroid therapy at euthyroid stage of the patients. Twenty four hyperthyroid patients (18 females, 6 males) and 20 (13 females, 7 males) healthy controls were included into this study. Blood and urine samples were taken before medical treatment at hyperthyroid state, and after the antithyroid therapy until the patients reached the euthyroid state. Serum alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, calcium, phosphorus, Free T3, Free T4, TSH and urine calcium/creatinine levels were assessed. We found a significant decrease in serum osteocalcin (p=0.006), urinary calcium/creatinine (p=0.004), and serum phosphorus (p=0.038) levels in euthyroid state in comparison to hyperthyroid state. The increases in serum bone formation marker osteocalcin and bone resorption marker urinary calcium/creatinine levels in hyperthyroid state compared to euthyroid state in our study confirmed that hyperthyroid patients have high bone turnover. We conclude that, hyperthyroid patients has high bone turnover of formation and resorption even after attainment of euthyroidism. Osteocalcin and urine calcium/creatinine are sensitive markers in documenting bone remodeling during treatment of hyperthyroidism. (C) 2004 Tohoku University Medical Press.Item Oxidative stress but not endothelial dysfunction exists in non-obese, young group of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(WILEY) Kusçu, NK; Var, AObjective. To determine if oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction exist at the same time in a young, non-obese group of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. Celal Bayar University, School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey. Sample. Thirty-one young, non-obese patients with PCOS and 23 age- and body mass index-matched controls. Methods. Following clinical and biochemical diagnosis, malonyldialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), von Willebrand Factor (vWF), and nitric oxide (NO) levels of patients and controls were measured and compared. Main outcome measures. To find out oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction parameters. Results. MDA (0.120.03 vs 0.100.03, p=0.01) and SOD (8.00.7 vs 7.280.8, p=0.001) levels were significantly higher in PCOS group while there was no difference in vWF (527.2280.1 vs 568.1276.8, p0.05) and NO levels (169.947.4 vs 168.980, p0.05). When the results of the PCOS patients were divided into two subgroups in terms of insulin resistance (IR- and IR + ), the IR- subgroup had significantly higher MDA levels compared to the control (0.1250.03 vs 0.1010.03, p=0.03). Though IR+ group also had higher MDA than the control group, it did not reach to a significant level (0.1170.05 vs 0.1010.03, p0.05). Both IR- and IR+ groups had significantly higher SOD levels compared with control group (7.990.7 vs 7.280.8, p=0.009 and 8.220.8 vs 7.280.8, p=0.03, respectively). vWF and NO levels were not different among these three groups (p0.05). Conclusions. Oxidative stress is prominent while endothelial dysfunction does not exist in young, non-obese patients with PCOS.Item Molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer: correlation between PET/computed tomography and MRI findings(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS) Akin, M; Orguc, S; Aras, F; Kandiloglu, ARObjective The aim of the study was to investigate the diagnostic value of fluorodeoxyglucose-18 (FDG)-PET/computed tomography (CT) and MRI parameters in determining the molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer. Methods Data from 55 primary invasive breast cancer masses in 51 female patients who underwent pre-treatment PET/CT and MRI scans, and histopathological diagnosis at the authors' center were retrospectively reviewed. The relationship between FDG-PET/CT and MRI parameters, including maximum and mean standard uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean, respectively), mean metabolic index (MImean) and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) values obtained from FDG-PET, and shape, margin, internal contrast-enhancement characteristics, kinetic curve types, functional tumor volume (FTV), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values obtained from MRI was evaluated. Subsequently, differences among molecular subtypes (i.e. luminal A, luminal B, c-erbB-2 positive, and triple-negative) in terms of PET/CT and MRI parameters were evaluated. Results The luminal B subtype of invasive breast cancer had higher SUVmax and SUVmean (P = 0.002 andP = 0.017, respectively) values than the luminal A subtype. In addition, the triple-negative subtype had a higher SUVmax (P = 0.028) than the luminal A subtype. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between pathological tumor volume (PTV) and SUVmean (P = 0.019,r = 0.720). SUVmax and ADC were negatively correlated (P = 0.001;r = -0.384). A very strong positive correlation was detected between MTV and FTV (P = 0.000;r = 0.857), and between MTV and PTV (P = 0.006,r = 0.796), and between FTV and PTV (P = 0.006,r = 0.921). Conclusion Results of the present study suggest that SUVmax was superior to MRI findings in predicting molecular subtypes and that MRI was superior to PET/CT in predicting PTV.Item The effect of oestradiol and neta on immunohistochemical staining of iNOS and eNOS in coronary arteries of ovariectomized rats(F HERNANDEZ) Koyuncu, FM; Ozbilgin, K; Kuscu, NK; Inan, S; Vatansever, S; Ceylan, EAim: The postmenopausal period is associated with increased risk for coronary atherosclerosis, and the effect of hormone replacement therapy in reducing this risk is controversial. Previous studies reported that nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) level might be important for the development of atherosclerosis, but no study has shown the interaction between hormone replacement therapy and endothelial NOS and inducible NOS intensity on coronary arteries yet. Our goal was to find out the immunostaining intensity of endothelial NOS and inducible NOS in ovariectomized rats which received oestradiol and norethisterone treatment. Methods: We performed bilateral ovariectomy in 15, female, 90-day-old Wistar rats with an average weight of 250 grams. After waiting for 4 weeks for the menopausal state, they were divided into 3 groups to receive either placebo, 0.1 mg/day 17-beta-oestradiol (group E2), or 0.1 mg/day 17-beta-oestradiol + 0.1 mg/day norethisterone acetate (group E2-NETA) for 5 weeks. Another group included 5, normal, adult, female intact rats and served as controls. At the end of the treatment, all rats were sacrificed and coronary arteries were stained with inducible NOS and endothelial NOS polyclonal antibodies using streptavidin-biotin technique. Results: The immunostaining of inducible NOS was prominent in perivascular connective tissue of the ovariectomized group but not in the control group. The inducible NOS immunostaining immunoreactivity was not detected in either treated groups. Immunostaining intensity of endothelial NOS did not differ in any 4 groups with similar staining. Conclusion: The present findings indicate that hormone replacement therapy down-regulates iNOS expression in coronary arteries of ovariectomized rats, and reduced iNOS may likely be involved in estrogen's beneficial effects.Item Gingival Crevicular Fluid Osteocalcin, N-Terminal Telopeptides, and Calprotectin Levels in Cyclosporin A-Induced Gingival Overgrowth(AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY) Becerik, S; Gürkan, A; Afacan, B; Özturk, VÖ; Atmaca, H; Töz, H; Atilla, G; Emingil, GBackground: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) osteocalcin, crosslinked N-terminal telopeptide (NTx), and calprotectin levels in cyclosporin A (CsA)-induced gingival overgrowth (GO). Methods: Forty medicated patients with CsA including 20 with GO (CsA GO+), 10 without GO (CsA GO-), 10 with GO and chronic periodontitis (CsA CP) and 60 patients with CP alone, 20 patients with gingivitis, and 20 healthy patients were enrolled. Probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, and papillary bleeding index were recorded. GCF calprotectin, osteocalcin, and NTx levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Parametric tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The CsA GO+ and CP groups had significantly lower GCF osteocalcin levels and osteocalcin/NTx ratio than the healthy group, whereas GCF osteocalcin levels and osteocalcin/NTx ratio in the gingivitis group were higher than the CsA GO+, CsA GO-, CsA CP, and CP groups (P < 0.05). The CP group had elevated GCF calprotectin levels compared to the other study groups (P < 0.05). The CsA GO+ and CsA GO-groups also had higher GCF calprotectin levels compared to the CsA CP, gingivitis, and healthy groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Increased GCF calprotectin and decreased GCF osteocalcin levels in the CsA GO+ and CsA GO-groups might suggest that CsA plays a role on the levels of these markers. The similarity of GCF osteocalcin, NTx, and calprotectin levels in the CsA GO+ and CsA GO-groups might suggest that these molecules are not involved in the pathogenesis of GO. J Periodontol 2011; 82: 1490-1497.Item Lack of association between leptin levels and leptin gene polymorphism in obese women(INFORMA HEALTHCARE) Okudan, N; Gökbel, H; Acar, H; Uzunoglu, S; Belviranli, MThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between oligopolymorphism in the 25th codon of leptin gene and obesity. Eighty-seven obese women and 75 healthy women were constituted obese and control groups. Body fat percent, fat mass and lean body mass were determined by bioimpedance meter and leptin levels were determined. The presence of 25th codon oligopolymorphism in the leptin gene was done by PCR-RFLP technique. Mean leptin levels were 38.5 +/- 22.0 ng/ml, and 147.9 +/- 44.8 ng/ml in the control and obese groups, respectively. The correlations of serum leptin level to body fat percentage and fat mass in the control group were significant. The correlations in the obese group were not significant. This data implies that the difference of leptin levels between control and obese groups are more likely to be associated with alterations in the leptin gene other than 25th codon or alterations in the leptin receptor gene.