Browsing by Subject "PROTECTION"
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Item Does sucralfate prevent apoptosis occurring in the ischemia/reperfusion-induced intestinal injury?(GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG) Sencan, A; Yilmaz, Ö; Özer, E; Günsar, C; Genç, K; Ulukus, Ç; Taneli, C; Mir, EBackground/Purpose: We have shown in a previous study that sucralfate is beneficial in the prophylaxis and treatment of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced intestinal injury. The aim of this study is to investigate whether sucralfate has any effect on the prevention of apoptosis in the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced intestinal injury. Methods: Rats were randomized into three groups. Group 1 and 2 were subjected to I/R. Group 1 (treatment group) received sucralfate while group 2 (treatment control group) did not. Group 3 served as a normal control group (sham group). The terminal ileum was harvested for histopathologic investigation by light microscopy. The presence of apoptotic enterocytes (DNA fragmentation in cell nuclei) was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) reaction. Results: In treatment control group, 3 of 7 rats had severe inflammation. None of the sucralfate-treated rats showed severe inflammation, 6 of them only showed mild inflammatory changes (p < 0.05). The apoptotic percentage was found to be 37.1 +/- 9.4 in the sucralfate-treated group (group 1), whereas it was 45.4 +/- 3.9 in the untreated group (group 2) (p < 0.05). The sham group had a completely normal intestinal architecture. Conclusions: The present study shows that 1) the experimental model of I/R-induced intestinal injury induces enterocyte apoptosis; 2) sucralfate decreases enterocyte apoptosis in the experimental model of I/R-induced intestinal injury which may play a key role in the pathophysiological events leading to failure of the intrinsic gut barrier defense mechanisms.Item Effects of adenosine A1 receptor agonist CCPA and antagonist DPCPX on ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in rats(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey) Bozdogan, Ö; Gonca, E; Ekerbiçer, NAim: Adenosine has been commonly used to treat supraventricular tachycardia in clinics. However, there are only a few studies on the effects of adenosine on ischemia or reperfusion induced arrhythmia and they conflict with the results of the present study. During this study, we aimed to clarify the effect of adenosine on ischemia-reperfusion induced arrhythmia. Materials and methods: Left coronary artery was ligated for 6 min and it was released for 15 min to produce reperfusion. At adenosine agonist CCPA (2 Chloro - N6 - Cyclopentyl-adenosine), and A1 selective antagonist DPCPX (8 - Cyclopentyl - 1,3 -dipropylxanthine) in 5 mu g/kg dose alone and in combination were given intravenously before ligation, at the second minute of the ligation and just following the reperfusion. Results: Adenosine given only at the second minute of the ligation is found to decrease the total duration of arrhythmia observed in the reperfusion stage. DPCPX given in this period is found to block the antiarrhythmic effect of adenosine. Adenosine given after reperfusion and before ligation was not effective in decreasing reperfusion induced arrhythmia. Conclusion: The time dependent effect of the administration during ischemia and reperfusion was important for the effect of adenosine. The present study showed that antiarrhythmia produced by adenosine is related to the activation of A1 adenosine receptor.Item The role of ATP sensitive K+ channels and of nitric oxide synthase on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis(ELSEVIER GMBH) Gok, S; Vatansever, S; Vural, K; Sekuri, C; Izanli, A; Tezcan, A; Cilaker, SDuring ischemia, ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP channels) open, and this triggers necrotic processes and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated whether selective sarcoplasmic and mitochondrial KATP channel blockers affected myocardial apoptosis and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in a rat model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in vitro. Isolated rat hearts were subjected to 30 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 30 min of reperfusion. A selective sarcKATP channel blocker, HMR1098 and a selective mitoKATP channel blocker, 5-hydroxydecanoate, were added to the perfusion fluid 10 min before occlusion. Myocardial apoptosis was detected immunohistochemically using the TUNEL method. Myocardial inducible NOS (iNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS) were determined immunohistochemically. In control hearts, apoptosis induction was associated with a greater immunoreactivity of iNOS than eNOS. Treatment with HMR1098, at a concentration of 3 mu mol/l, significantly reduced the TUNEL-positive cardiomyocytes and this was associated with decreased iNOS and increased eNOS immunoreactivity. When this drug was administered at a higher concentration, at 30 mu mol/l, a more marked reduction in apoptosis was observed but, in contrast to the effects observed at the lower drug concentration, eNOS immunoreactivity was almost completely abolished while iNOS was strong. Moreover, ischemia-induced cardiac dysfunction (e.g. contractile force and recovery of coronary flow) was increased by the higher concentration of HMR 1098. In hearts treated with 5-hydroxydecanoate, myocyte apoptosis was slightly reduced, and this was associated with an almost equal increase in both iNOS and eNOS immunoreactivity. These findings suggest that iNOS appears to be more important than eNOS in the reduction of apoptosis. However, the further inhibition of apoptosis by the higher concentration of HMR 1098 was associated with poorer cardiac function. (C) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Item Traumatic growth and psychological resilience status of female victims of violence inpatients in a district psychiatric hospital(W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC) Arabaci, LB; Dikec, G; Buyukbayram, A; Uzunoglu, G; Ozan, EThe aim of this study was to examine the traumatic mental growth and psychological resilience status of females who were receiving inpatient treatment at a district mental health hospital and had a history of being subjected to violence. One hundred-twenty female patients with a history of exposure to violence participated in the study. An introductory information form, the Traumatic Growth Inventory (TGI) and the Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults (PRSA) were used for data collection. This study found that all the participants were subjected to emotional violence, 65.8% to physical violence, 30.8% to sexual violence, and 94.2% to verbal violence at some point in their lives. Their TGI mean score (60.96 11.91) was above average, while their PRSA mean score (97.90 +/- 9.18) was below average. The participants' mean scores on the TGI and PRSA did not vary significantly by the type of violence (p > 0.05) to which the women were exposed. Moreover, no statistically significant relationship was found between the TGI and the PRSA total scale and subscale mean scores (p > 0.05). This study found that the posttraumatic growth of females who had a history of physical or emotional or sexual abuse was positive, and that their psychological resilience levels were inadequate.Item Ischaemic preconditioning reduces spinal cord injury in transient ischaemia(ACTA CARDIOLOGICA) Sirin, BH; Ortaç, R; Cerrahoglu, M; Saribülbül, O; Baltalarli, A; Çelebisoy, N; Iskesen, I; Rendeci, OObjective - Paraplegia remains a devastating complication after thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic surgery for coarctations, dissections or aneurysms. Since the advent of ischaemic preconditioning of the myocardium, attention has been directed to the nervous system. This study was designed to evaluate the acute protective effect of ischaemic preconditioning on the spinal cord. Methods and results - Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to one of three groups. The preconditioning group had 5 minutes of aortic occlusion, 25 minutes reperfusion and 20 minutes of ischaemia, whereas the controls had only 20 minutes of ischaemia. The sham group was anaesthetized and subjected to laparotomy without aortic occlusion. Physiological parameters and somatosensory evoked potentials were monitored during the experiment. Neurological outcome was clinically evaluated up to 48 hour after ischaemia and motor function was scored. Then the animals were sacrificed. Their spinal cord, abdominal aorta and its branches were removed and processed for histopathological examination. Histhopathological changes of the gray matter in the lumbosacral segments were scored from 0 to 6 according to a semi-quantitative scala. The changes in amplitudes of evoked potentials during ischaemia and recovery periods were similar in preconditioning and control groups. The average motor function score was significantly higher in the preconditioning group than the control group at 24 and 48 hours after the ischaemic event (p < 0.05). Histological observations were consistent with the neurological findings. The histopathological scores in the control group and the preconditioning group were 3.2 (1.4-5.2) and 2.4 (0.8-4.4), respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions - The results suggest that ischaemic preconditioning reduces the spinal cord injury and improves neurological outcome in transient ischaemia in rabbits. This protective mechanism is rapidly invoked within only 25 minutes interval between the preconditioning stimulus and the ischaemic insult.Item Reverse Power Data Analysis and Feature Extraction Based Upon Continuous Wavelet Transform for Electric Power Plants(PRAISE WORTHY PRIZE SRL) Taskin, S; Seker, S; Irgen, B; Akinci, TCThis study is focused on the investigating of a power plant generator in reverse power condition. For this purpose, reverse power data were collected from a Combined Heat and Power Plant generator protection relay. The reverse power conditions were evaluated by means of the time-frequency and time-scale methods. As a result of this evaluation, it can be said that the time-frequency and lime-scale properties of the signals like current, voltage, frequency, active and reactive powers were extracted with all details. Copyright (C) 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved.Item Beneficial effects of apricot-feeding on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD) Parlakpinar, H; Olmez, E; Acet, A; Ozturk, F; Tasdemir, S; Ates, B; Gul, M; Otlu, AThe present study was undertaken to evaluate the cardio-protective potential of apricot-feeding in the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model of rats in vivo. Rats were divided into three groups of 12 rats each. Group 1 was fed with a standard rat chow, groups 2 and 3 were fed with a standard rat chow supplemented with 10% or 20% dried apricot during 3 months before the beginning of I/R studies. To produce I/R, the left main coronary artery was occluded for 30 min, followed by 120 min reperfusion, in anesthetized rats. Infarct sizes were found significantly decreased in 10% (55.0 +/- 4.3%) and 20% (57.0 +/- 2.9%) apricot-fed groups compared to control group (68.7 +/- 2.0%). Light and electron microscopic evaluations of hearts also demonstrated similar beneficial effects on I/R injury in apricot-fed both groups. Total phenolic contents, DPPH radical scavenging and ferric-reducing power as in vitro antioxidant capacities of rat chows were significantly increased after supplementation with apricot for each ratio. Cu, Zn Superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were increased, and lipid peroxidation was decreased significantly in the hearts of 20% apricot-fed group after I/R. In conclusion, we clearly demonstrated in vivo cardio-protective activity of apricot-feeding related to its antioxidant phenolic contents in rats subjected to myocardial I/R. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item WS2/bioactive glass composites: Fabrication, structural, mechanical and radiation attenuation properties(ELSEVIER SCI LTD) Deliormanli, AM; Ensoylu, M; Issa, SAM; Elshami, W; Al-Baradi, AM; Al-Buriahi, MS; Tekin, HOIonizing radiation interaction might occur during diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy procedures. It has been reported that gamma-ray radiation can damage the living cells through the energy transfer. Therefore, investigation the ionization radiation attenuation properties of biomaterials have a crucial importance. In the current study, tungsten disulphide (WS2) nanopowder-containing borate-based bioactive glass composites were prepared. Their physical, structural, mechanical and ionization radiation attenuation properties were investigated in detail. Monte Carlo simulations and radiation attenuation properties were studied through MCNPX and Phy-X/ PSD. Results showed that sintering performed at 575 degrees C for 1 h in air atmosphere caused formation of some tungsten trioxide in the structure. Addition of WS2 nanopowders increased the bulk density and improved the mechanical properties of the prepared bioactive glass composites. Simulation studies revealed the influence of WS2 content on reduction the build-up factors and enhancement of the photon attenuation ability for all the considered photon energies.Item Corneal endothelial damage in phacoemulsification using an anterior chamber maintainer compared with using an ophthalmic viscosurgical device(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS) Mayali, H; Baser, EF; Kurt, E; Ilker, SSPurpose: To compare the effects of phacoemulsification surgery (PE) using an anterior chamber maintainer (ACM) and conventional PE using an ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD) on corneal endothelial cells. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. Design: Prospective randomized controlled trial. Methods: Eyes in the OVD group (n = 50) underwent conventional PE, whereas eyes in the ACM group (n = 50) underwent PE using an ACM. Endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), hexagonality (HEX), and noncontact central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements were performed by specular microscopy before and at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after PE. Results: This study included 100 eyes of 97 patients undergoing PE. The mean age was 64.7 ? 10.6 years in the OVD group, 64.0 ? 12.6 years in the ACM group (P > .05). The groups did not differ significantly in preoperative ECD, CV, HEX, and CCT or total PE time (P > .05 for all). ECD was significantly lower in the ACM group compared with the OVD group at postoperative 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months (P = .002, P = .002, and P = .001, respectively). Similarly, ECD loss compared with preoperative value was greater in the ACM group at all postoperative timepoints (P = .003, P = .001, and P = .001, respectively). CV increased and HEX decreased in both groups postoperatively (P > .05 for both). CCT showed a transient increase of less than 10 mm at postoperative 1 month in both groups (P = .296). Conclusions: PE with ACM was associated with greater corneal ECD loss compared with conventional PE. ACM should not be used during PE in patients with limited corneal endothelial reserve. J Cataract Refract Surg 2021; 47:612?617 Copyright ? 2021 Published by Wolters Kluwer on behalf of ASCRS and ESCRSItem Immunogenicity of RSV F DNA Vaccine in BALB/c Mice(HINDAWI LTD) Eroglu, E; Singh, A; Bawage, S; Tiwari, PM; Vig, K; Pillai, SR; Dennis, VA; Singh, SRRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe acute lower respiratory tract disease leading to numerous hospitalizations and deaths among the infant and elderly populations worldwide. There is no vaccine or a less effective drug available against RSV infections. Natural RSV infection stimulates the Th1 immune response and activates the production of neutralizing antibodies, while earlier vaccine trials that used UV-inactivated RSV exacerbated the disease due to the activation of the allergic Th2 response. With a focus on Th1 immunity, we developed a DNA vaccine containing the native RSV fusion (RSV F) protein and studied its immune response in BALB/c mice. High levels of RSV specific antibodies were induced during subsequent immunizations. The serum antibodies were able to neutralize RSV in vitro. The RSV inhibition by sera was also shown by immunofluorescence analyses. Antibody response of the RSV F DNA vaccine showed a strong Th1 response. Also, sera from RSV F immunized and RSV infected mice reduced the RSV infection by 50% and 80%, respectively. Our data evidently showed that the RSV FDNA vaccine activated the Th1 biased immune response and led to the production of neutralizing antibodies, which is the desired immune response required for protection from RSV infections.Item Antibody Sustainability in SARS-CoV-2 Healthcare Professionals' Patient Cohort(ANKARA MICROBIOLOGY SOC) Eser, E; Akar, SS; Akçali, S; Ecemis, T; Dündar, PE; Çiçek, K; Akman, D; Tüzün, E; Erkekoglu, GS; Buran, ZC; Arikan, ZÖÖ; Yalçin, FKIn this study, it was aimed to evaluate one-year follow-up of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific antibodies formed against the virus binding site, in a coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) positive case cohort (n= 413) between the period March 2020 to December 2020 in Manisa Celal Bayar University Hospital, until July 2021. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were determined by the chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLIA) method. Values of 1.0 and above were considered positive. Chi-square tests and Joinpoint regression analysis (version 4.7.0) were used in the statistical analyses. The mean age of the participants was 34.9 +/- 9.3 and 60.2% of them were women. Between 21-30 days after the diagnosis of COVID-19, total antibody level was above the threshold value in 72.2% (n= 126) of the participants, while this rate increased to 79.1% (n= 240) in 31-60 day interval. In the following period, this rate decreased to 38.8% (n= 108) in days 211st to 240th. Antibody response could not be detected in 76 (20.7%) of 367 employees who have initially been followed up. The percentage of total antibody positivity prevalence ranged from 98.9% to 96.1% in the 31-210th day after diagnosis, in the follow-up of 291 employees whose total antibody positivity was detected after diagnosis. According to the results of the Joinpoint regression analysis, after the diagnosis of COVID-19, the curve showing the percentage of antibody positivity was broken at two points: The first breaking point was observed in 181-210th days (6-7 months) (p= 0.069), and the second breaking point was in 271-300th days (9-10 months) (p< 0.001). As a result, the highest antibody positivity rates were detected after the 30th day of the disease onset and antibody positivity was maintained in the first seven months after diagnosis; the antibody positivity rate decreased to 25% at the end of the first year.Item Characterization of SiO2 Sol-Gel Coated Ti6Al4V Alloy Obtained by using TEOS and GPTMS(INT INST SCIENCE SINTERING (I I S S)) Gul, C; Albayrak, S; Durmus, H; Cömez, NSynthesis of silicon oxide (SiO2) via the sol-gel method and SiO2 coating ability on to Ti6Al4V alloy were investigated, in the novel study. Ti6Al4V alloy is the most used alloy in biomedical applications due to its many advantages. However, it has a minor disadvantage like releasing ions into the human body. In this study, the substrate material Ti6Al4V alloy samples were coated using the sol-gel method with alkoxysilane solutions (tetraethyl orthosilicate, TEOS; Si(OC2H5)(4) and glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, GPTMS; C9H20O5Si) containing the unit of prepared Si(OR)(n) after the surface preparations were made. The prepared solutions were examined using thermal analysis methods and the process temperatures to be applied to the coatings were determined according to the results of the analysis. Coated samples were subjected to aging, drying, and sintering processes at specified temperatures. The morphologies and structures of the samples were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The sol-gel coating ability of the silicon oxide on the surface of the Ti6Al4V alloys has been discussed. The results demonstrate that cracks were observed in coating produced by TEOS precursor whereas the coatings used GPTMS precursor exhibited crack-free surface independently of dipping number. The crack formation tended to reduce with increasing dipping number of coatings produced by TEOS precursor. Distances between coating islets gradually became smaller as the number of dippings increased, and the continuity of the coatings increased. It has been observed that SiO2 coating layers produced with GPTMS are obtained in a more continuous and crack-free form than the layers produced with TEOS.