Browsing by Subject "Personality Disorders"

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    Social approach and avoidance behaviour for negative emotions is modulated by endogenous oxytocin and paranoia in schizophrenia
    (Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2014) Brown E.C.; Tas C.; Kuzu D.; Esen-Danaci A.; Roelofs K.; Brüne M.
    Patients with schizophrenia suffer from dysfunctional social behaviour. Social approach and avoidance (AA) has been associated with motor responses, as the affective valence and gaze direction of facial stimuli can bias push and pull motor tendencies. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of endogenous oxytocin in social AA behaviour in schizophrenia. Basal plasma oxytocin levels were collected from 28 patients who were then given a joystick-based Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT). Reaction times were recorded and AAT effect scores calculated for responses to happy and angry faces, which either had direct or averted gaze. Individual differences in basal oxytocin had a significant relationship with AAT responses, and patients with higher levels of oxytocin tended to avoid angry faces more. Furthermore, greater avoidance of angry faces was correlated with more severe psychotic (positive and general) symptoms and greater paranoia. This suggests that the endogenous effects of oxytocin may be specific to the interpretation of negative threatening emotions in schizophrenia patients, and also provides evidence that psychotic symptoms and paranoia can impact on social AA behaviour by heightening threat avoidance. © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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    Adaptation and the Psychometric Properties of Turkish version of the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5-Personality Disorders -Clinician Version (SCID-5-PD/CV)
    (Turkish Association of Nervous and Mental Health, 2021) Bayad S.; TopbaŞ Ö.A.; CabaŞ T.K.; ElbİR M.; Ulusoy D.G.; Korkmaz U.; Araz O.; Aral A.E.; KarabekİRoğlu A.; Aydemİr Ö.
    Objective: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the validity and reliability of the Categorical and Dimensional Psychometric Properties of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality Disorders (SCID-5-PD) after its translation to the Turkish. Method: The study was carried out with 102 volunteers from two university hospitals. The SCID interview was conducted by two experienced psychiatrists who interchanged positions as interviewer and observer; and completed the research forms without discussing the patient. The diagnostic agreement between the interviewers and the Kappa coefficient were calculated. Divergent and convergent validity analyses were carried out for diagnostic validity and the scores obtained from the self-report form as well as the dimensional evaluation scores were used in the statistical analyses. Results: The group mean age for volunteers was 39.6±11.6 years and 66.7% consisted of females. The Kappa values for personality categories were 0.79 for avoidant personality structure, 0.64 for dependent personality structure, 0.81 for obsessive-compulsive personality structure, 0.76 for paranoid personality structure, 0.49 for schizotypal personality structure, 0.90 for histrionic personality structure, 0.66 for narcissistic personality structure, 0.89 for borderline personality structure and 0.71 for antisocial personality structure. Dimensional evaluation showed significant correlation with the diagnostic agreement between the interviewers and also with the scores of the self-report forms completed by the participants. Conclusion: The results demosntrated that the Turkish version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality Disorders (SCID-5-PD-CV-TR) is valid and reliable. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.