Browsing by Subject "RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS"

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    Bronchiolitis in childhood: Updates on etiopathogenesis and immunologic lung injury
    (GALENOS YAYINCILIK) Yüksel, H; Türkeli, A; Yilmaz, Ö; Güler, S
    Acute bronchiolitis is a disease characterized with bronchiolar inflammation due to viral infections in children younger than two years that is associated with wheezing, cough, tachypnea, retractions and prolonged expiration. Many pathogens, among which respiratory syncytial virus is the most common, play role in the etiology. Cellular damage due to viral pathogens and anatomic and immunological factors of the host play a role in the development of lower respiratory tract infections only in some children exposed to respiratory syncytial virus and other viruses. Viral infections in children may change Th1/Th2 immune response pattern. Severity of disease changes with the degree of inflammation due to the immune response. Moreover, an increase in disease severity may be observed due to the activation of the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic neurogenic system. Severe RSV infections may develop in children with genetic predisposition. We explained the role of environmental factors, genetic and structural susceptibility of the host, and contribution of immunologic response in this susceptibility, in addition to the role of responsible infectious agents, in the development and severe progression of bronchiolitis (Turk Arch Ped 2010; 45: 75-81)
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    Immunogenicity of RSV F DNA Vaccine in BALB/c Mice
    (HINDAWI LTD) Eroglu, E; Singh, A; Bawage, S; Tiwari, PM; Vig, K; Pillai, SR; Dennis, VA; Singh, SR
    Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe acute lower respiratory tract disease leading to numerous hospitalizations and deaths among the infant and elderly populations worldwide. There is no vaccine or a less effective drug available against RSV infections. Natural RSV infection stimulates the Th1 immune response and activates the production of neutralizing antibodies, while earlier vaccine trials that used UV-inactivated RSV exacerbated the disease due to the activation of the allergic Th2 response. With a focus on Th1 immunity, we developed a DNA vaccine containing the native RSV fusion (RSV F) protein and studied its immune response in BALB/c mice. High levels of RSV specific antibodies were induced during subsequent immunizations. The serum antibodies were able to neutralize RSV in vitro. The RSV inhibition by sera was also shown by immunofluorescence analyses. Antibody response of the RSV F DNA vaccine showed a strong Th1 response. Also, sera from RSV F immunized and RSV infected mice reduced the RSV infection by 50% and 80%, respectively. Our data evidently showed that the RSV FDNA vaccine activated the Th1 biased immune response and led to the production of neutralizing antibodies, which is the desired immune response required for protection from RSV infections.