Browsing by Subject "RNA, Viral"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Prevalence of GBV-C/hepatitis G virus viremia among chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C and hemodialysis patients in Turkey [2]
    (2006) Akcali S.; Sanlidag T.; Ozbakkaloglu B.
    [No abstract available]
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    The association between insulin resistance and hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C: An observational, multicenter study in Turkey
    (Turkish Society of Gastroenterology, 2014) Dökmeci A.; Üstündaʇ Y.; Hulagu S.; Tuncer I.; Akdoʇan M.; Demirsoy H.; Köklü S.; Güzelbulut F.; Doʇan I.; Demir A.; Akarsu M.; Yüceyar H.; Özdogan O.C.; Özdener F.; Erdoʇan S.
    Background/Aims: To evaluate the association between insulin resistance and hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.; Materials and Methods: A total of 104 chronic hepatitis C patients were included in this non-interventional, open-label, observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study conducted at 20 gastroenterology clinics in Turkey. The primary end point was the correlation between stage of hepatic fibrosis and insulin resistance evaluated via the homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance index. Confounders of hepatic fibrosis and insulin resistance were the secondary end points.; Results: The mean age of patients was 52.8 years; 65.4% were female. Type 2 diabetes was present in 6.8% and insulin resistance noted in 38.0% of patients. Further, 45.7% of the patients had mild (A0/A1) and the remaining had moderate/severe (A2/A3) hepatic necroinflammatory activity. Patient distribution according to Metavir fibrosis stage was as follows: F0/F1 (57.0%); F2 (6.5%); F3 (23.7%); and F4 (12.9%). A univariate analysis revealed significant positive correlations between Metavir fibrosis stage and insulin resistance (r=0.297; p=0.007). Logistic regression analysis showed that significant predictors of insulin resistance were high alanine transaminase levels (odds ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.944-0.997) and liver fibrosis stage (odds ratio, 0.114; 95% confidence interval, 0.021-0.607).; Conclusion: Our findings revealed significant associations between insulin resistance and hepatic fibrosis. © 2014 by The Turkish Society of Gastroenterology.
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    Investigation of the Correlation Between Anti-HCV Levels (S/Co) with HCV-RNA in the Diagnosis of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection; [Hepatit C Virus (HCV) Enfeksiyonunun Tanisinda Anti-HCV Duzeyi (S/Co) ile HCV-RNA Arasindaki Korelasyonun Araştirilmasi]
    (Ankara Microbiology Society, 2016) Şanlidaǧ T.; Akçall S.; Ecemiş T.; Süer K.; Erbay Dündar P.; Arikan A.; Güvenir M.; Güler E.
    Detection of borderline and/or low positive anti-HCV results by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) leads to severe problems in routine laboratories and needs confirmation with nucleic acid amplification tests which can increase the cost. In EIA tests, if the ratio of sample to cut-off (S/Co) is 2 the sample is accepted as positive according to the manufacturers' instructions. Although over the last decade the application of S/Co values have also applied to HCV-RNA readings, the current study aims to determine whether the S/Co value is adequate and applicable for the anti-HCV EIA test, and to determine whether a correlation exists between HCV-RNA and HCV infections. A total of 658 cases (402 female, 256 male; mean age: 49.4 ± 17.0 years) who were found anti-HCV positive between January 2011-July 2013 were included in the study. Anti-HCV tests were performed by chemiluminescent EIA (Architect i2000SR, Abbott, USA and LiaisonXL Murex, DiaSorin, Italy) and HCV-RNA by real-Time PCR (Cobas Ampliprep/ Cobas TaqMan HCV, Roche, USA). The mean S/Co value of the cases was 7.3 ± 4.8 (range: 1.00-17.59) and mean HCV-RNA value was 2.3x105 ± 2.1x106 copies/ml. When the anti-HCV S/Co value of varying ranges was compared with HCV-RNA readings a particular trend was noted. In the anti-HCV S/Co values of 1.0-4.0; 4.1-7.0; 7.1-10.0; 10.1-13.0; 13.1-16.0 and 316.1, HCV-RNA positivity rates were detected as 1.9%, 24.7%,37.1%, 46.7%, 56.4% and 75%, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated an intermediate positive correlation (r= 0.454) between anti-HCV ve HCV-RNA readings (p= 0.000). An adequate S/Co value was accepted as 5.0 based on the ROC analysis, and this value gave a performance confidence level of 95.6% when determining whether a patient is HCV positive. Based on the data of this study it became evident that further EIA testing is not required if the S/Co value is £ 5.0, however if the S/Co value is less than 5.0, then further clinical analysis and revaluation of the patient is required.
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    Determination of drug resistance mutations of NS3 inhibitors in chronic hepatitis c patients infected with genotype; [Genotip 1 ile enfekte kronik hepatit C hastalarinda NS3 inhibitörü ilaçlarin direnç mutasyonlarinin belirlenmesi]
    (Ankara Microbiology Society, 2017) Şanlidaǧ T.; Sayan M.; Akçali S.; Kasap E.; Buran T.; Arikan A.
    Direct-Acting antiviral agents (DAA) such as NS3 protease inhibitors is the first class of drugs used for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) treatment. NS3 inhibitors (PI) with low genetic barrier have been approved to be used in the CHC genotype 1 infections, and in the treatment of compensated liver disease including cirrhosis together with pegile interferon and ribavirin. Consequently, the development of drug resistance during DAA treatment of CHC is a major problem. NS3 resistant variants can be detected before treatment as they can occumaturally. The aim of this study was to investigate new and old generation NS3 inhibitors resistance mutations before DAA treatment in hepatitis C virus (HCV) that were isolated from CHC. The present study was conducted in 2015 and included 97 naive DAA patients infected with HCV genotype 1, who were diagnosed in Manisa and Kocaeli cities of Turkey. Magnetic particle based HCV RNA extraction and than RNA detection and quantification were performed using commercial real-Time PCR assay QIASypmhony + Rotorgene Q/ArtusHCV QS-RGQ and COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS TaqMan HCV Tests. HCV NS3 viral protease genome region was amplified with PCR and mutation analysis was performed by Sanger dideoxy sequencing technique of NS3 protease codons (codon 32-185). HCV NS3 protease inhibitors; asunaprevir, boceprevir, faldaprevir, grazoprevir, pariteprevir, simeprevir and telap- revir were analysed for resistant mutations by Geno2pheno-HCV resistance tool. HCV was genotyped in all patients and 88 patients (n= 88/97, 91%) had genotype 1. Eight (n= 8/97, 8.2%) and 80 (n= 80/97, 82.4%) HCC patients were subgenotyped as 1 a and 1 b, respectively. Many aminoacid substitutions and resistance mutations were determined in 39/88 (44%) patients in the study group. Q80L, SI 22C/N, SI 38W were defined as potential substitutions (6/88 patients; 7%); R109K, R117C, S122G, 1132V, 1170V, N174S were described as potential resistance (34/88 patients; 39%); V36L, T54S, V55A, Q80H were characterized as resistance (7/88 patients; 8%) and Q80K, A156S were defined as high resistance (3/88 patients; 3%) mutations. Based on resistance and high resistance mutations, clinically significant mutations were defined in 10/88 (11%) of the patients. Our study shows that it is essential to analyse HCV NS3 protease inhibitors drug resistance before DAA treatment of CHC patients. On the other hand, our results pointed out that analysis of NS5A and NS5B genome region mutations may also be required in the near future.
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    Comparison of performance characteristics of DxN VERIS system versus qiagen PCR for HBV genotype D and HCV genotype 1b quantification
    (Polish Society of Microbiologists, 2019) Sayan M.; Arikan A.; Sanlidag T.
    The Beckman Coulter DxN VERIS system is a fully automated, closed molecular diagnostic instrument for viral load quantification of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. In this study, the analytical performance of this new system was compared to routine diagnostic Qiagen PCR kit by using the same clinical samples. The DxN VERIS system demonstrated a high analytical performance. The DxN VERIS allows random access, which means that samples can be uploaded straight on to the system at any time; so, it provides an improvement of workflow, staff productivity and allows faster turn-around of viral load results. © 2019 Murat Sayan et al.
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    The initial detection of Toscana virus in phlebotomine sandflies from Turkey
    (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2020) Özbel Y.; Oğuz G.; Arserim S.K.; Erişöz Kasap Ö.; Karaoglu B.; Yilmaz A.; Emanet N.; Günay F.; Hacioğlu S.; Demirok M.C.; Töz S.; Alten B.; Nalçaci M.; Özkul A.; Ergünay K.
    Toscana virus (TOSV) is a prominent arthropod-borne viral agent of human central nervous system infections occurring in the Mediterranean region. The main transmission route to susceptible individuals involves sandflies as vectors. Despite several reports revealing widespread TOSV activity in Turkey, vectors remained unidentified. A sandfly field survey was carried out in five provinces in Central, Southeast and Mediterranean Anatolia in 2017 to identify TOSV and related sandfly-borne phleboviruses and Leishmania parasites, with evidence for circulation in the region. A total of 7136 sandfly specimens, collected via standard methods, were evaluated in 163 pools. TOSV was detected in 11 pools (6.7%), comprising Phlebotomus major sensu lato, Sergentomyia dentata and Phlebotomus papatasi species. TOSV partial L and S segment sequences were characterized, that phylogenetically clustered with local and global genotype A strains. An amino acid substitution outside the conserved motifs of the viral polymerase, also present in previous TOSV sequences in endemic regions, was observed. Leishmania tropica was detected in a single pool of Ph. sergentii (0.6%). This is the first report of TOSV in sandflies from Turkey, and this study further provides evidence for additional sandfly species with the potential to transmit TOSV. © 2020 The Royal Entomological Society
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    Serological screening of West Nile virus among blood donors in northern Cyprus
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2020) Balaman N.; Gazi U.; Imir T.; Sanlidag T.; Ruh E.; Tosun O.; Ozkul A.; Taylan-Ozkan A.
    Background: West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic arbovirus that can also be transmitted through blood transfusion. Even though its geographic distribution has been expanding, there has not yet been any epidemiological data on WNV in northern Cyprus. The aim of our study is to fill this gap by using donated blood samples. Methods: Samples collected from the main government hospital blood bank in Nicosia were analyzed by anti-WNV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (immunoglobulin M [IgM] and immunoglobulin G [IgG]). Seropositive samples were subjected to plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) for confirmation and analyzed by ELISA IgG avidity test and reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Results: Of the 760 sera samples, 2 (0.3%) were IgM+ and 31 (4.1%) were IgG+. Neutralization activity was detected in none (0.0%) of the IgM+ and 26 (83.9%) of IgG+ donor specimens. ELISA IgG avidity test reported high avidity in 21 (67.7%) and low avidity in one (3.2%) IgG+ sample. PRNT-confirmed anti-WNV IgG+ samples exhibited only borderline (19.2%) or high avidity (80.8%) values. rRT-PCR results were negative for both IgM+ and IgG+ samples. Conclusion: Anti-WNV antibodies were detected in northern Cyprus among blood donors. The establishment of preventive measures and evaluation of the geographic extent of the WNV in northern Cyprus are highly recommended. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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    Factors affecting side effects, seroconversion rates and antibody response after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in healthcare workers; [Sağlık çalışanlarında İnaktif SARS-CoV-2 aşılaması sonrası yan etkiler, serokonversiyon oranları ve antikor yanıtını etkileyen faktörler]
    (Ankara Microbiology Society, 2021) Şenol Akar Ş.; Akçali S.; Özkaya Y.; Gezginci F.M.; Cengi̇Z Özyurt B.; Deniz G.; Karadağ Yalçin F.; Özer D.; Dündar Erbay P.; Eser E.
    In this study, it was aimed to prospectively evaluate the efficacy, side effects and seroconversion data of inactive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), CoronaVac® (Sinovac, China) vaccine in healthcare workers. A total of 1053 healthcare workers who were initially seronegative (COV2T® SARS-CoV-2 Total Siemens, USA) and vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 were included in the study. Quantitative IgG antibodies (ADVIA Centaur® SARS-CoV-2 IgG, Siemens, USA) were investigated 28 days after the first vaccine (n= 939) and the second vaccine (n= 771). In addition, neutralizing antibodies were evaluated via “enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)” test (ACE2-RBD Neutralization Assay, Dia-Pro, Italy) 28 days after the first vaccine. Antibody response of the vaccine was evaluated statistically by univariate (Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t test, Mann-Whitney U, one-way ANOVA and Kruskall Wallis ANOVA tests) analysis and linear regression models. The consistency between quantitative IgG test and neutralizing antibody test was also evaluated in blood samples taken 28 days after second vaccination. Statistical analysis was determined in logarithmically transformed data with statistical analysis with SPSS 23.0 and Stata, and type 1 error level was accepted as 0.05. At least one side effect was reported by 31.3% and 26.8% of the participants after the first and second vaccine, respectively. The most frequent side effect was pain at the injection site with a frequency of 20.4% vs 21.7%. The frequency of applying to a health center due to side effects was 1.0% after the first vaccine and 0.8% after the second vaccine. The percentage of those who produced sufficient quantitative IgG was found as 25.3% (95% CI= 22.5-28.1) 28 days after the first vaccine and 97.9% (95% CI= 96.91-98.93) after the second vaccine. Neutralizing test antibody positivity was found as 97.7% 28 days after the second vaccine. In univariate analysis, the characteristics that significantly increased the quantitative IgG response against inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were young age (p< 0.01), female gender (p< 0.01), being a non-smoker (p< 0.001), not having a chronic disease (p= 0.019), having had the flu vaccine this year (p= 0.012), not being overweight or obese (p= 0.020), and having a SARS-CoV2 infection prior to vaccination (p< 0.001). In addition, allied health personnel showed significantly lower antibody responses than the other workers (p< 0.001). Multiple linear regression models revealed that, female gender, younger age, smoking and previous COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test positivity significantly affected the quantitative IgG response after vaccination. A 99% agreement was found between the ELISA-based neutralizing antibody test and the quantitative IgG test (Kappa p= 0.783) performed on the 28th day after the second vaccination. CoronaVac® provides adequate antibody response in 25% of healthcare workers aged 18-64, after 28 days from a single vaccine, and 97% after 28 days from the second vaccine. Antibody response was significantly higher in younger ages, women, non-smokers, and those who had previously encountered SARS-CoV-2. Phase 3 and phase 4 results are needed to show effectiveness of this vaccine in real life. © 2021 Ankara Microbiology Society. All rights reserved.