Browsing by Subject "SPECIES DISTRIBUTION"

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    Modeling Macroalgal Forest Distribution at Mediterranean Scale: Present Status, Drivers of Changes and Insights for Conservation and Management
    (FRONTIERS MEDIA SA) Fabbrizzi, E; Scardi, M; Ballesteros, E; Benedetti-Cecchi, L; Cebrian, E; Ceccherelli, G; De Leo, F; Deidun, A; Guarnieri, G; Falace, A; Fraissinet, S; Giommi, C; Macic, V; Mangialajo, L; Mannino, AM; Piazzi, L; Ramdani, M; Rilov, G; Rindi, L; Rizzo, L; Sarà, G; Ben Souissi, J; Taskin, E; Fraschetti, S
    Macroalgal forests are one of the most productive and valuable marine ecosystems, but yet strongly exposed to fragmentation and loss. Detailed large-scale information on their distribution is largely lacking, hindering conservation initiatives. In this study, a systematic effort to combine spatial data on Cystoseira C. Agardh canopies (Fucales, Phaeophyta) was carried out to develop a Habitat Suitability Model (HSM) at Mediterranean scale, providing critical tools to improve site prioritization for their management, restoration and protection. A georeferenced database on the occurrence of 20 Cystoseira species was produced collecting all the available information from published and grey literature, web data portals and co-authors personal data. Data were associated to 55 predictor variable layers in the (ASCII) raster format and were used in order to develop the HSM by means of a Random Forest, a very effective Machine Learning technique. Knowledge about the distribution of Cystoseira canopies was available for about the 14% of the Mediterranean coastline. Absence data were available only for the 2% of the basin. Despite these gaps, our HSM showed high accuracy levels in reproducing Cystoseira distribution so that the first continuous maps of the habitat across the entire basin was produced. Misclassification errors mainly occurred in the eastern and southern part of the basin, where large gaps of knowledge emerged. The most relevant drivers were the geomorphological ones, followed by anthropogenic variables proxies of pollution and urbanization. Our model shows the importance of data sharing to combine a large number of spatial and environmental data, allowing to individuate areas with high probability of Cystoseira occurrence as suitable for its presence. This approach encourages the use of this modeling tool for the prediction of Cystoseira distribution and for supporting and planning conservation and management initiatives. The step forward is to refine the spatial information of presence-absence data about Cystoseira canopies and of environmental predictors in order to address species-specific assessments.
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    Mortality-associated factors of candidemia: a multi-center prospective cohort in Turkey
    (SPRINGER) Kutlu, M; Sayin-Kutlu, S; Alp-Cavus, S; Öztürk, SB; Tasbakan, M; Özhak, B; Kaya, O; Kutsoylu, OE; Senol-Akar, S; Turhan, Ö; Mermut, G; Ertugrul, B; Pullukcu, H; Çetin, ÇB; Avkan-Oguz, V; Yapar, N; Yesim-Metin, D; Ergin, Ç
    Candidemia may present as severe and life-threatening infections and is associated with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with 30-day mortality in patients with candidemia. A multi-center prospective observational study was conducted in seven university hospitals in six provinces in the western part of Turkey. Patient data were collected with a structured form between January 2018 and April 2019. In total, 425 episodes of candidemia were observed during the study period. Two hundred forty-one patients died within 30 days, and the 30-day crude mortality rate was 56.7%. Multivariable analysis found that SOFA score (OR: 1.28, CI: 1.154-1.420, p < 0.001), parenteral nutrition (OR: 3.9, CI: 1.752-8.810, p = 0.001), previous antibacterial treatment (OR: 9.32, CI: 1.634-53.744,p = 0.012), newly developed renal failure after candidemia (OR: 2.7, CI: 1.079-6.761, p=0.034), and newly developed thrombocytopenia after candidemia (OR: 2.6, CI: 1. 057-6.439, p =0.038) were significantly associated with 30-day mortality. Central venous catheter removal was the only factor protective against mortality (OR: 0.34, CI:0.147-0.768, p = 0.010) in multivariable analysis. Candidemia mortality is high in patients with high SOFA scores, those receiving TPN therapy, and those who previously received antibacterial therapy. Renal failure and thrombocytopenia developing after candidemia should be followed carefully in patients. Antifungal therapy and removing the central venous catheter are essential in the management of candidemia.