Browsing by Subject "amphotericin B"

Now showing 1 - 16 of 16
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    Recidivans cutaneous leishmaniasis unresponsive to liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisone®)
    (2000) Gündüz K.; Afsar S.; Ayhan S.; Kandiloglu A.R.; Türel A.; Filiz E.E.; Ok U.Z.
    A 60-year-old woman with thick crusted erythematous plaques on her glabella, apex nasi and left infraorbital region was diagnosed as recidivans cutaneous leishmaniasis. The lesions were resistant to antimonial drugs. Although some response was observed on the infraorbital region, lesions on the glabella and nose continued to infiltrate despite therapy with liposomal amphotericin B.
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    Rhinocerebral mucormycosis: Perineural spread via the trigeminal nerve
    (2005) Orguc S.; Yücetürk A.V.; Demir M.A.; Goktan C.
    We report a case of rhinocerebral mucormycosis associated with an abscess in the lateral aspect of the pons associated with perineural spread of disease via the trigeminal nerve. Contrast enhanced MRI was useful in depicting the extent of the disease and suggesting perineural spread. A pathological diagnosis of mucormycosis was established by means of rhino-orbital punch biopsy. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Changes in some Candida albicans virulence factors due to amphotericin-B post-antifungal effect
    (E.S.I.F.T. srl, 2007) Ozkutuk A.; Dogan Y.; Kirdar S.; Ozkutuk N.
    [No abstract available]
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    Aplastic anemia, mucormycosis and aspergillosis in infectious mononucleosis: Success is possible
    (2007) Ergene U.; Ozbalci D.; Baykal B.; Metin Ciris I.; Yariktas M.
    Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a rare cause of aplastic anemia in adults. We report of a patient in whom aplastic anemia, mucormycosis and aspergillosis complicated during the course of IM and successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin B. According to our searches in literature, we could not find a similar patient complicated and successfully treated like ours. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Factors influencing engraftment in autologous peripheral hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (PBSCT)
    (2007) Ergene U.; Çaǧirgan S.; Pehlivan M.; Yilmaz M.; Tombuloǧlu M.
    Autologous peripheral blood stem cells transplantation (PBSCT) is a therapeutic option which can be used in various hematological neoplastic disorders; and it can prolong disease free survival and total survival and at times it may be curative. In this study, we investigated variables influencing PBSCT in 91 patients who had undergone PBSCT between 1998 and 2002 in our center, retrospectively. PBSC collection was performed after mobilization with G-CSF or chemotherapy plus growth factor. Only high dose chemotherapy was used for conditioning regimes. The median number of CD34+ was 11.5 × 106/kg. Posttransplant neutrophil engraftment (>500/μL) was requiring a median of 10 days, it was 13 days for platelet engraftment (>20,000/μL). For neutrophil and platelet engraftment, we investigated; sex, age, diagnosis and CD34+ cells, the time interval between diagnosis and transplantation, number of apheresis, conditioning regime, growth factor initiation day as independent variables. In univariate analysis CD34+ cell number (>10 × 106/kg), time interval more than one year between diagnosis and transplantation and BEAM conditioning was found to be significant for neutrophil engraftment. But in multivariate analysis none of them was found to be significant. For platelet engraftment in univariate analysis CD34+ cell number (>7 × 106/kg), primary diagnosis of multiple myeloma initiation day of growth factor (>2 day) was found to be significant. In multivariate analyses only CD34+ cell count was found to be significant (p = 0.005). In conclusion, as in previous studies we found that the only predictor of engraftment kinetics was CD34+ cell count. © 2006.
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    Comparison of the efficacy of combination and monotherapy with caspofungin and liposomal amphotericin B against invasive candidiasis
    (2008) Tunger O.; Bayram H.; Degerli K.; Dinc G.; Cetin B.C.
    Objective: To investigate if combination therapy with liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB), and caspofungin (CAS) is superior to monotherapies in an experimental model with azole-resistant Candida albicans. Methods: This study was carried out between October 2006 and August 2007 in Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. A total of 144 mice were included in the study, and divided into 4 groups as: control (n=36), CAS treatment group (n=36), LAmB treatment group (n=36), and combination therapy group (n=36). Treatment efficacy was assessed by determining survival, as well as, the decrease in tissue fungal densities. Results: The fungal densities in tissues were significantly reduced, and the survival rates were prolonged with either CAS only, or LAmB only, or with combination therapy compared to those of controls (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between monotherapy groups. Decrease in tissue fungal densities were significant in CAS and LAmB (1mg/kg) combination group, compared to CAS (1mg/kg) and LAmB (1mg/kg) groups (p=0.004 for CAS, p=0.009 for LAmB). Survival rates were similar in both treatment groups. Conclusion: The combination treatment was superior with 1mg/kg of doses of LAmB and CAS in terms of reducing the tissue fungal burden. Although with combination therapy the survival rates prolonged in all subgroups, no significant difference between the combination and monotherapies could be shown. Additional studies with a large number of cases are warranted to investigate the superiority of combination therapy.
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    Orbital exenteration: A dilemma in mucormycosis presented with orbital apex syndrome
    (2008) Songu M.; Unlu H.H.; Gunhan K.; Ilker S.S.; Nese N.
    Background: Mucormycosis is an uncommon, rapidly progressive, commonly fatal, opportunistic, fungal paranasal sinus infection. The most critical decision in the management of rhino-orbital mucormycosis is whether the orbit should be exenterated. The literature fails to provide a broad base of information of how physicians determine the need for exenteration in daily practice. The decision for exenteration often depends on the judgment of the treating otolaryngologist. The authors report their experience and outline that orbital exenteration may not be mandatory in all cases of rhino-orbital mucormycosis. Methods: The medical records from Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery were retrospectively searched from 1995 to 2007 for three cases with rhino-orbital mucormycosis, treated without orbital exenteration. Results: All patients with rhino-orbital mucormycosis who were treated without exenteration survived. Conclusion: The favorable outcome was attributable to rapid correction of the underlying medical condition; wide local excision and debridement of all involved and devitalized sinonasal and periorbital tissue, while establishing adequate sinus and orbital drainage; daily endoscopic assessment with multiple sinus debridement when necessary; daily irrigation of the involved areas; and high-dose i.v. amphotericin B. Copyright © 2008, OceanSide Publications, Inc.
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    Rational antibiotic use
    (Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2009) Tunger O.; Karakaya Y.; Cetin C.B.; Dinc G.; Borand H.
    Background: Development of resistance to antimicrobial agents and increase of cost as the result of unnecessary and inappropriate use of antibiotics has become a global health problem. Therefore many strategies, which are aimed at optimizing antibiotic therapy, have been developed until now. In Turkey, an antibiotic restriction policy as a governmental solution was applied to decrease the antibiotic use and especially costs by Ministry of Health in 2003. The aim of this study is to evaluate the rational antibiotic use and the impact of the implementation of new restriction policy, with their reinforcement by infectious disease specialist, on the hospital wide use of antibiotics. Methodology: The data of the inpatients received antibiotics (n=495) during January-June 2006 were compared with our previous study performed by the same methodology before the restriction policy in 1998. In both studies, prospective active daily surveillance of patients was performed by three infectious disease specialists. The appropriateness of antibiotic therapy was determined using the criteria described by Kunin and Jones. The data were analyzed by using SPSS for Windows. Results: While the rate of antibiotic use decreased from 16.6% to 11.3%, rational use increased after the restriction policy (p<0.001). Besides the specific antibiotic use increasing, prophylactic antibiotic use was found decreased (p<0.001). Mostly determined irrationality was the prophylactic uses in both studies. As expected, infectious disease specialist examinations resulted in an increase in the appropriate antibiotic use. Conclusions: The restriction policy was effective in decreasing the antibiotic consumption and increasing the rational antibiotic prescription in our hospital. Copyright © 2008 Tunger et al.
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    Brucellosis: A rare cause of febrile neutropenia in acute myeloblastic leukemia
    (2011) Ozbalci D.; Ergene U.; Cetin C.B.
    Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease and endemically seen in the Middle East, Eastern Europe and continental America. Febrile neutropenia related to Brucellosis has been reported only in a few cases. Brucella was cultured from the bone morrow of a 42-year-old woman who was admitted to hospital with symptoms of fever and fatigue and later diagnosed as acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). The patient was treated for both AML and Brucellosis without any problems and discharged from the hospital after scheduling her follow-up visits. Brucellosis might be considered in the etiology of febrile neutropenia in endemic regions and must be treated effectively to prevent possible morbidity and mortality during or after chemotherapy. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
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    Comparison of the effectiveness of caspofungin and liposomal amphotericin-b for the treatment of c. Tropicalis-induced peritonitis in mice
    (EDIMES Edizioni Medico Scientifiche, 2019) Demirci M.; Tünger Ö.; Çetin Ç.D.B.; Senol S.E.B.
    In order to compare the effectiveness of liposomal amphotericin B (LAB) and caspofungin monotherapy in Candida tropicalis-induced peritonitis in an experimental mice model 56 healthy male BALB/c mice (10-12 weeks; 20-25 g) were divided into groups and C. tropicalis strains were intraperitoneally (IP) inoculated into mice groups except the control group. After the injection, three doses of LAB (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg/day) and caspofungin (1.0, 2.0, 5.0 mg/kg/ day) were administered to groups for five consecutive days, starting 48 h post-infection. The mice were then followed up for 14 days and killed by cervical dislocation. When their peritoneal fluid was examined, the difference in fungal growth between the treatment group and control group was significant (p<0.05). Evaluation of the treatment groups revealed that fungal growth decreased with increasing dose of the antifungal agent (p>0.05). There was no dose-related difference from mice which received LAB or those which received caspofungin in our experimental model. During our study, no death was detected despite the similar injection doses compared with other studies using Candida species. The results of this study suggest that C. tropicalis could have lower virulence, perhaps limited by natural immunity, and causes mortality at much higher doses. © 2019, EDIMES Edizioni Medico Scientifiche. All rights reserved.
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    Evaluation of low-level diode laser irradiation and various irrigant solutions on the biological response of stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth
    (Elsevier B.V., 2019) Tunç H.; Islam A.; Kabadayı H.; Vatansever H.S.; Yilmaz H.G.
    This study aimed to evaluate cytotoxic effects and the apoptosis of Gallium-Aluminum-Arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser irradiation, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ozonated water and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). Cells were exposed to EDTA (5%, 8.5%, 17%), NaOCl (1%, 2.5%, 5%) ozonated water (5, 10, 20 μg/ml) and GaAlAs diode laser irradiation (energy densities of 0.5, 1, 1.5 j/cm2). Culture medium included D-MEM, supplemented with 15% foetal bovine serum, 1% L-glutamine, 1% penicillin-streptomycin, 1% gentamycin, amphotericin-B and served as control group. The prepared irrigants were added to the relevant wells and incubated with the cells at 37 °C for 5, 10 and 15 min. The cells in the laser group were also incubated at 37 °C for 5, 10 and 15 min after the laser application. Cell viability and proliferation were analysed with the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The percentage of cell viability showed a significant reduction in all concentrations of the EDTA and NaOCl groups when compared to the control group, diode laser irradiation and ozonated water groups at 5th, 10th and 15th minutes respectively but high cytotoxic effects of all EDTA and NaOCl groups with decreased over 50% of cell viability were observed at the 15th minute. Also EDTA group with 17% concentration (17%E) presented the lowest survival rate on SHEDs with mean of 21.67% ± 6.101 at this time interval. The lowest toxic effects were observed at the 5th minutes compared to other time periods at experimental groups. For detection of apoptotic cells, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labelling (TUNEL) method was performed. According to the MTT results, doses showed the highest toxicity (cell survival decreased over 50%) in each group were selected for TUNEL assay (17% EDTA; 1% NaOCl; 10 μg/ml Ozonated water; 1.5 j/cm2 diode laser irradiation). The significantly lowest percentages of TUNEL-positive cells were detected in ozonated water (10.67% ± 2.93) and diode laser irradiation (13.24% ± 7.61) compared to EDTA (39.89% ± 11.54) and NaOCl (31.15% ± 10.64) respectively. Also the difference between percentage of TUNEL-positive cells in EDTA and NaOCl groups was not significant. Synergistic combination of ozonated water and diode laser irradiation may be used in the disinfection step of necrotic root canals. © 2019
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    Design, synthesis, and in vitro biological evaluation of novel thiazolopyrimidine derivatives as antileishmanial compounds
    (Wiley-VCH Verlag, 2020) Istanbullu H.; Bayraktar G.; Akbaba H.; Cavus I.; Coban G.; Debelec Butuner B.; Kilimcioglu A.A.; Ozbilgin A.; Alptuzun V.; Erciyas E.
    A series of thiazolopyrimidine derivatives was designed and synthesized as a Leishmania major pteridine reductase 1 (LmPTR1) enzyme inhibitor. Their LmPTR1 inhibitor activities were evaluated using the enzyme produced by Escherichia coli in a recombinant way. The antileishmanial activity of the selected compounds was tested in vitro against Leishmania sp. Additionally, the compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. According to the results, four compounds displayed not only a potent in vitro antileishmanial activity against promastigote forms but also low cytotoxicity. Among them, compound L16 exhibited an antileishmanial activity for both the promastigote and amastigote forms of L. tropica, with IC50 values of 7.5 and 2.69 µM, respectively. In addition, molecular docking studies and molecular dynamics simulations were also carried out in this study. In light of these findings, the compounds provide a new potential scaffold for antileishmanial drug discovery. © 2020 Deutsche Pharmazeutische Gesellschaft
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    Comparison of in vitro Resistance of Wild Leishmania İsolates, Which are Resistant to Pentavalent Antimonial Compounds, Against Drugs Used in the Treatment of Leishmaniasis; [Pentavalent Antimonial Bileşiklere Dirençli Vahşi Leishmania İzolatlarının Leishmaniasis Tedavisinde Kullanılan İlaçlara Karşı in vitro Dirençlerinin Karşılaştırılması]
    (Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Özbilgin A.; Çavuş İ.; Kaya T.; Yıldırım A.; Harman M.
    Objective: Meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime®) and Sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam®) are used for the treatment of cutaneous leismaniasis in Turkey. There is a reported resistance to these drugs in recent years. The aim of the present study was to compare the in vitro sensitivities of resistant Leishmania isolates against Amphotericin B, Miltefosine, Meglumine Antimoniate, Paromomycin and Sodium Stibogluconate. Methods: Five Leishmania isolates of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis, who showed no clinical recovery despite two consecutive meglumine antimoniate treatments, which were stored in the Parasite Bank in Manisa Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty were selected. They were genotyped with Real-Time PCR using specific primers and probes to ITS1 region. Drug resistance levels of each Leishmania isolate were analysed for Amphotericin B, Miltefosine, Meglumine Antimoniate, Paromomycin, and Sodium Stibogluconate at concentrations of 500, 250, 125, 50, 25 µg/mL with XTT method and hemocytometer. Results: It was observed that the resistant Leishmania tropica isolates showed no resistance to Amphotericin B, and were sensitive to Miltefosine, Sodium Stibogluconate, Paromomycin and Meglumin Antimonate, respectively. In addition, Leishmania tropica (MHOM/AZ/1974/SAF-K27) isolate of the control group could stay viable in none of the drug concentrations of five agents in the study. Conclusion: It was determined that none of the selected resistant L. tropica isolates showed resistance to Amphotericin B and that was also shown statistically (p<0.05). The results of this study are important in guiding clinicians and researchers who conduct studies on drugs and search for new drug molecules. © 2020 Turkish Society for Parasitology.
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    Assessment of in-vitro antileishmanial activities of Cynara scolymus extracts against Leishmania tropica; [Leishmania tropica’ya karşı Cynara scolymus ekstrelerinin in-vitro antileishmanial etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi]
    (Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2021) Yildirim A.; Aksoy T.; Ceylan Ş.S.; Kayalar H.; Tayfur E.; Balcioğlu İ.C.
    It was aimed to investigate in vitro antileishmanial activities of the receptacle, bractea, and stem leaves extracts of Cynara scolymus (artichoke) against Leishmania tropica. The Leishmania isolate, isolated from a cutaneous leishmaniasis patient from Manisa province, Turkey and stored in liquid nitrogen, was identified as L. tropica (MHOM/TR/2012/CBCL-LT) by genotyping. In vitro antileishmanial activities of C. scolymus plant extracts were examined by CelltTiter-glo and hemocytometry, and cytotoxic activities by MTT. IC50 values of receptacle water (WRC), aqueous ethanol (ARC) and ethanol (ERC), bractea leaf water (WBC), aqueous ethanol (ABC) and ethanol (EBC), and stem leaf water (WSC), aqueous ethanol (ASC) and ethanol (ESC) extracts were determined as 2.45 mg/mL, 1.52 mg/mL, 1.66 mg/mL, 3.45 mg/mL, 1.46 mg/mL and 0.58 mg/mL, 0.24 mg/mL, 0.21 mg/mL and 0.08 mg/mL, respectively. When these results are compared with the drug-free control group, it was determined that stem leaf aqueous ethanol (SI: 7.98), ethanol (SI: 4.96) and water (SI: 2.71) extracts with the highest selectivity index (SI) values showed antileishmanial activity (P<0.05). Extracts of C. scolymus did not show cytotoxic activity except for WBC, WRC and ARC. In conclusion, the data presented in the current study indicated that C. scolymus stem leaf extracts (ESC, ASC and WSC) present effective antileishmanial activity. Future studies could focus on the identification and purification of the antileishmanial compounds within these extracts for analysis of their in vivo antileishmanial activity. © 2021, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi. All rights reserved.
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    Mortality-associated factors of candidemia: a multi-center prospective cohort in Turkey
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Kutlu M.; Sayın-Kutlu S.; Alp-Çavuş S.; Öztürk Ş.B.; Taşbakan M.; Özhak B.; Kaya O.; Kutsoylu O.E.; Şenol-Akar Ş.; Turhan Ö.; Mermut G.; Ertuğrul B.; Pullukcu H.; Çetin Ç.B.; Avkan-Oğuz V.; Yapar N.; Yeşim-Metin D.; Ergin Ç.
    Candidemia may present as severe and life-threatening infections and is associated with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with 30-day mortality in patients with candidemia. A multi-center prospective observational study was conducted in seven university hospitals in six provinces in the western part of Turkey. Patient data were collected with a structured form between January 2018 and April 2019. In total, 425 episodes of candidemia were observed during the study period. Two hundred forty-one patients died within 30 days, and the 30-day crude mortality rate was 56.7%. Multivariable analysis found that SOFA score (OR: 1.28, CI: 1.154–1.420, p < 0.001), parenteral nutrition (OR: 3.9, CI: 1.752–8.810, p = 0.001), previous antibacterial treatment (OR: 9.32, CI: 1.634–53.744, p = 0.012), newly developed renal failure after candidemia (OR: 2.7, CI: 1.079–6.761, p = 0.034), and newly developed thrombocytopenia after candidemia (OR: 2.6, CI: 1. 057–6.439, p = 0.038) were significantly associated with 30-day mortality. Central venous catheter removal was the only factor protective against mortality (OR: 0.34, CI:0.147–0.768, p = 0.010) in multivariable analysis. Candidemia mortality is high in patients with high SOFA scores, those receiving TPN therapy, and those who previously received antibacterial therapy. Renal failure and thrombocytopenia developing after candidemia should be followed carefully in patients. Antifungal therapy and removing the central venous catheter are essential in the management of candidemia. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    In Vitro and In Silico Evaluations of the Antileishmanial Activities of New Benzimidazole-Triazole Derivatives
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023) Eser M.; Çavuş İ.
    Benzimidazole and triazole rings are important pharmacophores, known to exhibit various pharmacological activities in drug discovery. In this study, it was purposed to synthesize new benzimidazole-triazole derivatives and evaluate their antileishmanial activities. The targeted compounds (5a–5h) were obtained after five chemical reaction steps. The structures of the compounds were confirmed by spectral data. The possible in vitro antileishmanial activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against the Leishmania tropica strain. Further, molecular docking and dynamics were performed to identify the probable mechanism of activity of the test compounds. The findings revealed that compounds 5a, 5d, 5e, 5f, and 5h inhibited the growth of Leishmania tropica to various extents and had significant anti-leishmanial activities, even if some orders were higher than the reference drug Amphotericin B. On the other hand, compounds 5b, 5c, and 5g were found to be ineffective. Additionally, the results of in silico studies have presented the existence of some interactions between the compounds and the active site of sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, a biosynthetic enzyme that plays a critical role in the growth of the parasite. Therefore, it can be suggested that if the results obtained from this study are confirmed with in vivo findings, it may be possible to obtain some new anti-leishmanial drug candidates. © 2023 by the authors.