Browsing by Subject "atopic dermatitis"

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    Topical calcineurin inhibitors, pimecrolimus and tacrolimus
    (2007) Ermertcan A.T.; Öztürkcan S.
    Pinecrolimus and tacrolimus represent the first members of a new class of medications, calcineurin inhibitors. These topical macrolide immunomodulators have been successfully introduced in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They inhibit T cell proliferation, mast cell degranulation, production and release of IL-2, IL-4, IF-γ and TNF-αa. They do not effect endothelial cells and fibroblasts, so they do not induce skin atrophy. In several studies, it has been shown that topical pimecrolimus and tacrolimus are effective, well tolerated and safe in both adults and children with atopic dermatitis. Picmecrolimus permeates less through the skin than tacrolimus and much lessthan corticosteroids. It has a lower potential for transcutaneous absorption resulting in a lower risk of systemic effects. In addition, they have been used in other inflammatory skin diseases including psoriasis, lichen planus, seborrheic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, vitiligo, pyoderma gangrenosum, alopecia areata, graft versus host disease, akne rosacea, etc. In this review article mechanism of action, efficacy, safety of pimecrolimus and tacrolimus, and future directions of these immunomodulators were discussed. © 2007 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
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    Sexual dysfunction in dermatological diseases
    (2009) Ermertcan A.T.
    Decrease or loss of sexual function in many chronic diseases has recently attracted significant attention owing to its impact on quality of life. Generic and disease-specific quality-of-life questionnaires measure changes in work, school, social life and emotional status regarding the disease and its treatment. Specific questionnaires have been designed to evaluate changes in sexuality and sexual function. Sexual dysfunction, especially female sexual dysfunction, in different diseases became a popular and important health concern in recent years. There are a lot of studies about sexual dysfunction in the areas of other specialities of medicine, but there are only a few studies in dermatological diseases. In this paper, sexual dysfunction and the studies performed about this subject in dermatology will be reviewed. Conflict of Interest None declared. © 2009 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.
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    Epidemiology and burden of rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis in 9- To 11-year-old children
    (2010) Civelek E.; Yavuz S.T.; Boz A.B.; Orhan F.; Yuksel H.; Uner A.; Cakir B.; Sekerel B.E.
    Background: Rhinoconjunctivitis (RC) is regarded as the most common chronic disease of childhood; however, the currently available epidemiological studies on prevalence, burden, and risk factors of RC are insufficient. This analysis aimed to investigate potential risk factors, symptom frequency, and burden of RC. Methods: Using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase II questionnaires, 6963 elementary school children aged 9-11 years were surveyed in five different city centers of Turkey. All participants were skin-prick tested with common aeroallergens. Results: The prevalence of ever rhinitis, physician-diagnosed rhinitis, current rhinitis, and current RC were 51.6, 31.0, 43.5, and 23.1%, respectively; 19.8% of children with RC symptoms were atopic to at least one allergen. Among students with RC symptoms, 42.2, 23.9, 35.8, and 28.2% reported moderate-severe interference of daily activities, at least 1 day of absence from school, visit to a health care professional, and any drug usage for rhinitis, respectively. Nasal decongestants and oral antihistamines were the most frequently used treatment. Approximately 70% of RC patients reported perennial symptoms and 42.8% were classified as mild to intermittent. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed family history of asthma and/or allergic rhinitis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.863; confidence interval, [CI] = 1.583-2.191; p < 0.001), living in a house with mold and dampness in the 1st year of life (OR = 1.651; CI = 1.356-2.01; p < 0.001), maternal smoking in pregnancy (OR = 1.425; CI = 1.089-1.864; p = 0.011), low monthly income (OR = 1.685; CI = 1.422-1.998; p = 0.001), current wheezing (OR = 2.543; CI = 2.151-3.006; p = 0.001), and current atopic eczema (OR = 2.503; CI = 1.96-3.196; p = 0.001) as significant risk factors for current RC. Conclusion: Along with the high prevalence of RC in childhood, underdiagnosis and undertreatment of the disease are also frequent. The socioeconomic burden of the disease can be reduced by increasing awareness and proper diagnosis/treatment. Copyright © 2010, OceanSide Publications, Inc.
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    Characteristics and prognosis of childhood atopic dermatitis: A multicenter study in Turkey
    (2010) Yuksel H.; Can D.; Reisli S.; Uzuner N.; Orhan F.; Cevit O.; Tahan F.; Canitez Y.; Kuyucu S.; Boz A.B.; Akcay A.; Yilmaz O.
    Background:Childhood atopic dermatitis (AD) is classically accepted as initial finding of atopic march; however, nonatopic cases do not follow this course. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and prognosis of AD in childhood in Turkey. Methods:The study included 531 children with AD that presented to pediatric allergy departments in 11 different regions of Turkey. Age at diagnosis, total serum and inhalant-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and allergen skin prick test results were recorded retrospectively. Clinical characteristics like additional allergic diseases at presentation or during follow-up were recorded as well as duration of follow-up. Results:Mean age at diagnosis was 37.8 ± 36.2 months. Mean IgE level was 318.3 ± 677.8 IU/ml (median 100 IU/ml). Skin prick tests yielded positive results in 47% of children. At presentation, 31.6% of children reported additional allergic disease, while 11.7% developed allergic disease during follow-up. Among all, 46.6% had additional allergic disease at any point. IgE levels were significantly higher in children with additional allergic diseases (p = 0.001). Allergen skin prick test positivity and family history of allergic diseases increased the risk of additional allergic diseases significantly (OR = 3.90, 95% CI = 2.3-6.6 and OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.3-2.8, respectively). Conclusions: Allergic sensitization is not present in all cases of AD. Coexistence of additional allergic diseases is not as high as expected but more common in children who have been demonstrated to have atopic sensitization with high IgE levels and allergen skin prick test positivity. Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG.
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    Prevalence, burden, and risk factors of atopic eczema in schoolchildren aged 10-11 years: A national multicenter study
    (2011) Civelek E.; Şahiner U.; Yüksel H.; Boz A.; Orhan F.; Üner A.; Çakir B.; Şekerel B.E.
    Background: Little is known about the epidemiology of atopic eczema (AE), and studies from the Mediterranean region and the Middle East are limited. Objective: We investigated the frequency, burden, and risk factors of AE in a developing country. Methods: The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase II questionnaire was used to survey a representative sample of 10 to 11-year-old children in Turkey. Children were examined by allergists, and parents completed standardized questionnaires. Results: Among 6755 children, the prevalence of having eczema during one's lifetime or currently was 17.1% and 8.1%, respectively. The prevalence of visits to the doctor, nocturnal awakening, school absenteeism, and drug usage was 36.3%, 56%, 9.7%, and 28.7%, respectively. Associated factors were current rhinoconjunctivitis (odds ratio [OR], 2.53; 95% confi dence interval [CI], 1.99-3.21), current wheezing (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.58-2.79), family history of allergic disease (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.21-2.18), low birth weight (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.08-2.94), and exposure to animals in the fi rst year of life (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.06-2.03). Conclusions: In a developing Mediterranean country, the prevalence of AE is comparable to that of developed countries in the same region and lower than that observed in developed countries elsewhere. The course of the disease and risk factors of AE probably differ in developing countries.© 2011 Esmon Publicidad.
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    Influence of education on primary care physicians' knowledge on childhood allergy as a systemic disease and the atopic march
    (2011) Yilmaz O.; Reisli I.; Tahan F.; Orhan F.; Boz A.B.; Yuksel H.
    Background: There are many educational events for physicians in different countries covering one or some of the allergic diseases. Most of these educational events have been reported to improve care by the physicians. The aim of this study was to determine the baseline knowledge of general practitioners (GP) regarding the systemic nature of childhood allergy and atopic march, and to assess the influence of an educational event on this baseline knowledge. Methods: Two hundred and two GPs from five different cities in Turkey who attended education seminars were enrolled. All GPs were received the questionnaire both before and after the seminar. The questionnaire had statements about the systemic nature of childhood allergies and the atopic march, and GPs were asked to mark their degree of agreement as (completely true, partially true, wrong). Results: Mean age of GPs was 38.6 ± 6.0 years. Mean duration after graduation from medical faculty was 13.9 ± 6.5 years. There was significant improvement in answers after education. The statement " Frequency of allergic rhinitis and asthma is not as high as expected in children with atopic dermatitis" was regarded " wrong" by 60.9% but increased to 94.3% after the education (p < 0.001). Systemic nature of allergy was approved by 72.8%, which increased to 99% after the education (p < 0.001). Adrenalin as first line treatment in anaphylaxis treatment was appreciated by a higher number of GPs with the education (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Many GPs lack updated information about the systemic nature of paediatric allergic diseases and a single educational event may improve their knowledge significantly. © 2010 SEICAP.
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    Toll-like receptors and skin
    (2011) Ermertcan A.T.; Öztürk F.; Gündüz K.
    Toll-like receptors are important pattern recognition receptors which have key roles in both innate and adaptive immune responses. They are strongly associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, Toll-like receptors have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of several skin diseases such as skin infections, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, lichen planus, Behçet's disease, leprosy, syphilis, Lyme disease, atopic dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis, mycosis fungoides, non-melanoma skin cancers and melanoma. In this manuscript, the structure and functions of Toll-like receptors in immune responses, their impact on skin diseases and recent advances on therapeutic usage have been reviewed. © 2011 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.
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    Severe chronic allergic (and related) diseases: A uniform approach - A MeDALL - GA2 LEN - ARIA position paper
    (2012) Bousquet J.; Anto J.M.; Demoly P.; Schünemann H.J.; Togias A.; Akdis M.; Auffray C.; Bachert C.; Bieber T.; Bousquet P.J.; Carlsen K.H.; Casale T.B.; Cruz A.A.; Keil T.; Lodrup Carlsen K.C.; Maurer M.; Ohta K.; Papadopoulos N.G.; Roman Rodriguez M.; Samolinski B.; Agache I.; Andrianarisoa A.; Ang C.S.; Annesi-Maesano I.; Ballester F.; Baena-Cagnani C.E.; Basagaña X.; Bateman E.D.; Bel E.H.; Bedbrook A.; Beghé B.; Beji M.; Ben Kheder A.; Benet M.; Bennoor K.S.; Bergmann K.C.; Berrissoul F.; Bindslev Jensen C.; Bleecker E.R.; Bonini S.; Boner A.L.; Boulet L.P.; Brightling C.E.; Brozek J.L.; Bush A.; Busse W.W.; Camargos P.A.M.; Canonica G.W.; Carr W.; Cesario A.; Chen Y.Z.; Chiriac A.M.; Costa D.J.; Cox L.; Custovic A.; Dahl R.; Darsow U.; Didi T.; Dolen W.K.; Douagui H.; Dubakiene R.; El-Meziane A.; Fonseca J.A.; Fokkens W.J.; Fthenou E.; Gamkrelidze A.; Garcia-Aymerich J.; Van Wijk R.G.; Gimeno-Santos E.; Guerra S.; Haahtela T.; Haddad H.; Hellings P.W.; Hellquist-Dahl B.; Hohmann C.; Howarth P.; Hourihane J.O.; Humbert M.; Jacquemin B.; Just J.; Kalayci O.; Kaliner M.A.; Kauffmann F.; Kerkhof M.; Khayat G.; Koffi N'Goran B.; Kogevinas M.; Koppelman G.H.; Kowalski M.L.; Kull I.; Kuna P.; Larenas D.; Lavi I.; Le L.T.; Lieberman P.; Lipworth B.; Mahboub B.; Makela M.J.; Martin F.; Martinez F.D.; Marshall G.D.; Mazon A.; Melen E.; Meltzer E.O.; Mihaltan F.; Mohammad Y.; Mohammadi A.; Momas I.; Morais-Almeida M.; Mullol J.; Muraro A.; Naclerio R.; Nafti S.; Namazova-Baranova L.; Nawijn M.C.; Nyembue T.D.; Oddie S.; O'Hehir R.E.; Okamoto Y.; Orru M.P.; Ozdemir C.; Ouedraogo G.S.; Palkonen S.; Panzner P.; Passalacqua G.; Pawankar R.; Pigearias B.; Pin I.; Pinart M.; Pison C.; Popov T.A.; Porta D.; Postma D.S.; Price D.; Rabe K.F.; Ratomaharo J.; Reitamo S.; Rezagui D.; Ring J.; Roberts R.; Roca J.; Rogala B.; Romano A.; Rosado-Pinto J.; Ryan D.; Sanchez-Borges M.; Scadding G.K.; Sheikh A.; Simons F.E.R.; Siroux V.; Schmid-Grendelmeier P.D.; Smit H.A.; Sooronbaev T.; Stein R.T.; Sterk P.J.; Sunyer J.; Terreehorst I.; Toskala E.; Tremblay Y.; Valenta R.; Valeyre D.; Vandenplas O.; Van Weel C.; Vassilaki M.; Varraso R.; Viegi G.; Wang D.Y.; Wickman M.; Williams D.; Wöhrl S.; Wright J.; Yorgancioglu A.; Yusuf O.M.; Zar H.J.; Zernotti M.E.; Zidarn M.; Zhong N.; Zuberbier T.
    Concepts of disease severity, activity, control and responsiveness to treatment are linked but different. Severity refers to the loss of function of the organs induced by the disease process or to the occurrence of severe acute exacerbations. Severity may vary over time and needs regular follow-up. Control is the degree to which therapy goals are currently met. These concepts have evolved over time for asthma in guidelines, task forces or consensus meetings. The aim of this paper is to generalize the approach of the uniform definition of severe asthma presented to WHO for chronic allergic and associated diseases (rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis) in order to have a uniform definition of severity, control and risk, usable in most situations. It is based on the appropriate diagnosis, availability and accessibility of treatments, treatment responsiveness and associated factors such as comorbidities and risk factors. This uniform definition will allow a better definition of the phenotypes of severe allergic (and related) diseases for clinical practice, research (including epidemiology), public health purposes, education and the discovery of novel therapies. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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    Quality of life in children with dermatological diseases; [Çocuklarda dermatolojik hastaliklarda yaşam kalitesi]
    (Istanbul Assoc. of Dermatology and Venerology, 2014) Bilaç C.; Bilaç Ö.; Öztürkcan S.
    Quality of life is a multidimensional measure that, besides personal health status, reflects personal well-being as well. A number of quality of life scales for children and adolescents have been developed. The measurement of quality of life in children is different from measuring quality of life of adults. Knowledge of the this difference related to child development stages is important for researchers who improve and use the quality of life scales. Most studied have been performed on the quality of life in children with dermatological diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, as well as alopecia areata, dermatomyositis, ectodermal dysplasia, photosensitivity disorders, molluscum contagiosum, neurofibromatosis, and vitiligo. In this paper, we reviewed the literature on the quality of life in children with dermatologic diseases.
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    Dermatologic diseases of the external ear
    (2014) Öztürkcan S.; Öztürkcan S.
    The external ear is composed of the auricle (pinna) and the external auditory canal. Both of these structures contain elastic cartilage (except the earlobe) and a small amount of subcutaneous fat, which are covered by skin. The skin of the cartilaginous canal contains hair cells, sebaceous (lipidproducing) glands, and apocrine (ceruminous) glands; this is in contrast with the osseous canal, which contains neither glands nor hair follicles. The auricle is susceptible to environmental influences and trauma. Due to its exposed locale, the ear is particularly vulnerable to the effects of ultraviolet light and, consequently, to preneoplastic and neoplastic skin lesions. The ear also has a sound-receiving function and a location that is both visible and aesthetically obvious, thereby drawing considerable attention from the patient. Dermatologic diseases on the external ear are seen in a variety of medical disciplines. Dermatologists, otorhinolaryngologists, family practitioners, and general and plastic surgeons are regularly consulted about cutaneous lesions on the ear. These lesions can be grouped into three main categories: (1) infectious; (2) tumoral; and (3) noninfectious inflammatory. The purposes of this contribution are to review various dermatologic diseases of the external ear and to update current diagnosis and treatment information related to these conditions. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.
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    COVID-19 pandemic: Practical considerations on the organization of an allergy clinic—An EAACI/ARIA Position Paper
    (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2021) Pfaar O.; Klimek L.; Jutel M.; Akdis C.A.; Bousquet J.; Breiteneder H.; Chinthrajah S.; Diamant Z.; Eiwegger T.; Fokkens W.J.; Fritsch H.-W.; Nadeau K.C.; O’Hehir R.E.; O’Mahony L.; Rief W.; Sampath V.; Schedlowski M.; Torres M.J.; Traidl-Hoffmann C.; Wang D.Y.; Zhang L.; Bonini M.; Brehler R.; Brough H.A.; Chivato T.; Del Giacco S.R.; Dramburg S.; Gawlik R.; Gelincik A.; Hoffmann-Sommergruber K.; Hox V.; Knol E.F.; Lauerma A.; Matricardi P.M.; Mortz C.G.; Ollert M.; Palomares O.; Riggioni C.; Schwarze J.; Skypala I.; Untersmayr E.; Walusiak-Skorupa J.; Ansotegui I.J.; Bachert C.; Bedbrook A.; Bosnic-Anticevich S.; Brussino L.; Canonica G.W.; Cardona V.; Carreiro-Martins P.; Cruz A.A.; Czarlewski W.; Fonseca J.A.; Gotua M.; Haahtela T.; Ivancevich J.C.; Kuna P.; Kvedariene V.; Larenas-Linnemann D.E.; Abdul Latiff A.H.; Mäkelä M.; Morais-Almeida M.; Mullol J.; Naclerio R.; Ohta K.; Okamoto Y.; Onorato G.L.; Papadopoulos N.G.; Patella V.; Regateiro F.S.; Samoliński B.; Suppli Ulrik C.; Toppila-Salmi S.; Valiulis A.; Ventura M.-T.; Yorgancioglu A.; Zuberbier T.; Agache I.
    Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has evolved into a pandemic infectious disease transmitted by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Allergists and other healthcare providers (HCPs) in the field of allergies and associated airway diseases are on the front line, taking care of patients potentially infected with SARS-CoV-2. Hence, strategies and practices to minimize risks of infection for both HCPs and treated patients have to be developed and followed by allergy clinics. Method: The scientific information on COVID-19 was analysed by a literature search in MEDLINE, PubMed, the National and International Guidelines from the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), the Cochrane Library, and the internet. Results: Based on the diagnostic and treatment standards developed by EAACI, on international information regarding COVID-19, on guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) and other international organizations, and on previous experience, a panel of experts including clinicians, psychologists, IT experts, and basic scientists along with EAACI and the “Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA)” initiative have developed recommendations for the optimal management of allergy clinics during the current COVID-19 pandemic. These recommendations are grouped into nine sections on different relevant aspects for the care of patients with allergies. Conclusions: This international Position Paper provides recommendations on operational plans and procedures to maintain high standards in the daily clinical care of allergic patients while ensuring the necessary safety measures in the current COVID-19 pandemic. © 2020 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.