Browsing by Subject "cystoscopy"
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Item Granulomatous hepatitis following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy(1999) Özbakkaloǧlu B.; Tünger Ö.; Sürücüoǧlu S.; Lekili M.; Kandiloglu A.R.Although intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) administration is an effective method in the treatment of superficial urinary bladder carcinoma, some complications may arise such as a granulomatous reaction either in the urinary tract or, in rare cases, outside the urinary tract. We report in this paper a case of granulomatous hepatitis following intravesical BCG administration.Item Evaluation of pain caused by urethrocystoscopy in patients with superficial bladder cancer: A perspective of quality of life(2005) Müezzinoǧlu T.; Ceylan Y.; Temeltaş G.; Lekili M.; Büyüksu C.Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate patients' tolerance to pain caused by urethrocystoscopy (UCS) in both diagnosis and the period of follow-up in patients with superficial bladder cancer, and to evaluate these results with respect to quality of life. Patients and Methods: Between March 2003 and October 2004, 66 patients with bladder cancer or hematuria underwent UCS and recorded their overall pain level. Results: The mean age was 60.4 (range 26-83) years. UCS was done only one time in 22 patients for the diagnosis of etiology of hematuria and was done 4 times in 44 patients every 3 months for bladder cancer follow-up. The mean pain scores on first, second, third, and fourth UCS were 4.3±2.2, 4.7±2.5, 4.68±2.45, and 5.1±2.5, respectively. Statistically significant differences were found among mean pain scores of patients on first, third, and forth cystoscopic examinations (p < 0.05). No correlation was found between age and pain scores in this study group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: UCS is a painful surgical procedure and pain tolerance was not observed on repeated UCS. Therefore urologists need to use more effective anesthetic methods to provide better patients' tolerance to pain and quality of life during the endoscopic procedure. © 2005 S. Karger GmbH.Item Nested variant of transitional cell carcinoma with osseous metaplasia of the urinary bladder: A case report and review of published reports(2007) Neşe N.; Kandiloǧlu A.R.; Atesçi Y.Z.Nested variant of transitional cell carcinoma (NV-TCC) of the bladder is a rare and relatively new entity. The tumor is aggressive contrasted by its benign histopathologic appearance, and characterized by irregular urothelial nests and/or tubules. Herewith, a case with exceptional osseous metaplasia is presented emphasizing its diagnostic difficulties, because it can be confused with benign diseases or conventional TCC. © 2007 The Japanese Urological Association.Item Kidney stone and urinary bladder telangiectasia in a patient with TAR syndrome(2008) Akil I.; Gözmen S.; Yilmaz Ö.; Taneli C.TAR syndrome is a congenital malformation syndrome characterized by bilateral absence of the radius and thrombocytopenia. The known urinary anomalies are duplex ureter, dilatation of renal pelvis, horseshoe kidney and functional problems like vesicoureteral reflux and pyelonephritis. In this report of a case with TAR syndrome, a kidney stone and bladder telangiectasia were found coincidentally during the investigation of hematuria. TAR syndrome is discussed in the light of the medical literature. To our knowledge, no case has been reported demonstrating nephrolithiasis and bladder telangiectasia in TAR patients.Item Carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder: Review of clinicopathologic characteristics with an emphasis on aspects related to molecular diagnostic techniques and prognosis(Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2009) Nese N.; Gupta R.; Bui M.H.T.; Amin M.B.Carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the urinary bladder is defined as a flat lesion comprising of cytologically malignant cells which may involve either full or partial thickness of the urothelium. De novo CIS constitutes less than 3% of all urothelial neoplasms; however, CIS detected concurrently or secondarily during follow-up of urothelial carcinoma constitutes 45% and 90%, respectively, of bladder cancer. CIS is noted predominantly in male smokers in the sixth or seventh decade. Patients may present with dysuria, nocturia, and urinary frequency and urgency with microscopic hematuria. Cystoscopic findings may range from unremarkable to erythema or edema. Urine cytology is an important diagnostic tool. Cellular anaplasia, loss of polarity discohesion, nuclear enlargement, hyperchromasia, pleomorphism, and atypical mitoses are the histopathologic hallmarks of CIS. Extensive denudation of the urothelium, monomorphic appearance of the neoplastic cells, inflammatory atypia, radiation induced nuclear smudging, multinucleation, and pagetoid spread of CIS may cause diagnostic difficulties. Together with clinical and morphologic correlation, immunostaining with CK 20, p53 (full thickness), and CD44 (absence of staining) may help accurately diagnose CIS. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis of voided urine for amplification of chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 and deletion of 9p has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing CIS in surveillance cases. Several other molecular markers, such as NMP 22 and BTA, are under evaluation or used variably in clinical pathology. Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillation is considered the preferred treatment, with radical cystectomy being offered to refractory cases. Chemotherapy, α-interferon, and photodynamic therapy are other modalities that can be considered in BCG-refractory cases. Multifocality, involvement of prostatic urethra, and response to BCG remain the most important prognostic factors, although newer molecular markers are being evaluated for this entity. Patient outcome varies based on whether it is de novo development or diagnosed secondary to prior or concomitant papillary bladder cancer. From a clinical perspective, the principal determinants of outcome are extent of disease, involvement of prostatic urethra, response to therapy, and time to recurrence. © Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network.Item Urachal urothelial carcinoma diagnosed at a radical prostatectomy operation: A case report(2010) Nese N.; Kesici G.; Lekili M.; Isisag A.BACKGROUND: Urachal carcinomas are rare tumors, and the majority of them are adenocarcinomas. Up to now, only 21 urachal urothelial carcinomas (UCas) have been reported. Here, we describe a case of high grade UCa arising from the urachal remnants. CASE: A 66-year-old man presented with voiding difficulties. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 5.46 ng/mL. Prostatic adenocarcinoma (PCa) (Gleason score 6) was diagnosed by needle biopsies. After the diagnosis of high grade, muscle invasive UCa with intact mucosa on frozen examination of the dome of bladder wall during the radical prostatectomy operation (RPO), partial cystectomy was performed. Microscopically, among the tumoral islands, cystic structures lined by cells with a benign appearance, which are considered urachal remnants, were noted. Cytokeratin 7 and high-molecular-weight cytokeratin were strongly positive, PSA and carcinoembryonic antigen were negative. Radiotherapy was given for both UCa and PCa. Six months after the diagnosis, an undifferentiated tumor was detected in a bladder transurethral resection specimen; thus, chemotherapy was given. After 1 course of chemotherapy, the patient was doing well. CONCLUSION: The origin of urachal carcinomas is usually obscured as it is a highly invasive carcinoma. The patient presented here was diagnosed incidentally during RPO. Although the stage was advanced, the tumor was detected before urachal remnants were destroyed. The treatment choice for urachal carcinomas is cystectomy. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy are controversial. © Science Printers and Publishers, Inc.Item Pediatric ureteroceles: Diagnosis, management and treatment options(Brieflands, 2010) Günşar C.; Mir E.; Şencan A.; Ertan P.; Özcan C.U.Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical characteristics of ureteroceles particularly for diagnostic and treatment challenges. Methods: Data about patients treated for ureterocele in the two hospital clinics during 1996- 2009 are retrospectively evaluated. Findings: There were 12 girls and 7 boys. Symptomatic urinary tract infection was found in twelve cases. Ureterocele was associated with duplex systems in eleven cases. Vesicoureteral reflux was detected in 4 patients. Bladder diverticulum complicated with ureterocele in 1 patient. Ultrasonography diagnosed ureterocele in 12 patients. Renal scarring was detected in 6 patients at the side of ureterocele. Fifteen patients showed varying degrees of hydroureteronephrosis. Surgical therapy included upper pole nephrectomy in 3 cases. Bladder level reconstruction was performed in 11 cases. Five patients were treated only by endoscopic incision. In the follow up period 4 patients showed long term urinary tract infections whereas 3 of them were treated endoscopically. Postoperative reflux was still present in two patients who were treated by endoscopic incision. Conclusion: Ureterocele diagnosis and treatment show challenges. Urinary tract infection is important marker for urinary system evaluation. Preoperative management generally depends on a combination of diagnostic methods. Endoscopic incision needs serious follow up for postoperative problems. © 2010 by Pediatrics Center of Excellence.Item Tubularised incised plate urethroplasty is an applicable method for the treatment of the hypospadiac type of urethral duplication(Galenos Publishing House, 2011) Yilmaz Ö.; Günşar C.Urethral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly usually seen in males. We present a case of urethral duplication treated by a tubularised incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU) technique. A 5-year-old male boy was admitted to the clinic with the complaints of thin calibrated urinating and diurnal enuresis. We diagnosed distal penile hypospadias. During the operation, another urethral opening was found proximal to the previously seen hypospadiac meatus, localised on the coronary sulcus. We performed the TIPU procedure without excising the duplicated urethra. We only excised the common wall between the two urethras, and used the dorsal urethral plate of the duplicated urethra for tubularisation of the neourethra. The postoperative course was uneventful. A cystoscopy was done for suspected urogenital sinus. There was no further complaint at the third postoperative month. The TIPU technique can be successfully applied in such cases. The dorsal plate of the duplicated urethra can be used to form the neourethra. © Trakya University Faculty of Medicine.Item Bladder carcinoma in pregnancy: Unusual cause for frequent urinary tract infection - Case report(2013) Muezzinoglu T.; Inceboz U.; Baytur Y.; Nese N.[No abstract available]Item Comparison of pain, quality of life, lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual function between flexible and rigid cystoscopy in follow-up male patients with non muscle invasive bladder cancer: A randomized controlled cross section single blind study(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2021) Ucer O.; Temeltas G.; Gumus B.; Muezzinoglu T.Objectives: To compare pain, quality of life (QoL), sexual function and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) between rigid (RC) and flexible cystoscopy (FC). Methods: Forty-one patients who were planned control cystoscopies were enrolled the study. At the first cystoscopy, 20 patients (Group 1) and other 21 patients (Group 2) were performed by flexible (15.5 Fr) and rigid cystoscope (15.5 Fr), respectively. At the second cystoscopies, the patients in group 1 and group 2 were performed by rigid and flexible cystosacope, respectively. In all the patients, pain was measured with visual pain scale (VPS) shortly after cystoscopy. Also, SF, QoL and LUTS were assessed by IIEF, SF-36 and MLUTS forms, respectively. Results: While 22 of the patients preferred FC, the other 19 preferred RC (P > 0.05). There were no statistical differences between VPS, IIEF, SF-36 and MLUTS scores of the two groups. In multivariate analysis regarding the quality of life, although sexual function, pain and cystoscopy type did not affect QoL, voiding symptoms affected independently QoL. After both cystoscopy type, IIEF, SF-36 and MLUTS scores did not change statistically. Conclusion: The results showed that the effects on pain, sexual function, QoL and LUTS of RC and FC were similar. In general, cystoscopy did not affect negatively on QoL, sexual function and LUTS of the patients. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd