Browsing by Subject "liver cell carcinoma"

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    Thymosin in the treatment of HBeAG-negative chronic hepatitis B
    (2003) Saruc M.; Ozden N.; Yuceyar H.
    Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, is a major health threat worldwide. Classic patients with chronic hepatitis B are positive for hepatitis Be-antigen (HBeAg) and HBV-DNA. In the Mediterranean basin, 30-80% of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are HBeAg-negative, in contrast to Northern European countries and the US, where only 10-40% of CHB patients are lacking HbeAg. HBeAg-negative CHB usually runs a progressive course. The greatest problem with the treatment of HBeAg-negative CHB is the high relapse rate. Their end treatment response rates are similar to those of classic CHB patients, but after discontinuation of treatment most of them relapse. All the data available in the literature show that more than 80% of patients with HBeAg-negative CHB do not respond to the current approved therapies. A literature review and our experience with thymosin indicate that the combination of IFN α2b and T-α1 is better tolerated and more likely to induce a sustained response in HbeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients when compared to other currently available therapies. As thymosin-α1 treatment is relatively free from adverse effects, future controlled trials are needed, with a longer follow-up, in order to fully evaluate the role of the combination therapy of thymosin-α1 with other emerging therapeutic agents.
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    Cryptosporidium spp. During chemotherapy: A cross-sectional study of 94 patients with malignant solid tumor
    (King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, 2021) Karabey M.; Can H.; Öner T.Ö.; Döşkaya M.; Alak S.E.; Döşkaya A.D.; Karakavuk M.; Köseoğlu A.E.; Ün C.; Gürüz A.Y.; Alacacıoğlu A.; Pektaş B.; Gül A.; Kaya S.; Gökmen A.A.
    BACKGROUND: Cryptosporidium spp. is a protozoan parasite that infects many vertebrate animals, including humans. Since Cryptosporidium spp. can cause chronic life-threatening diarrhea and severe malabsorption in immunocompromised patients, we investigated the prevalence of this parasite among patients undergoing chemotherapy for malignant solid tumors. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in stool samples. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Tertiary care. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Stool samples were collected from adult patients with malignant solid tumors receiving chemotherapy and diarrhea. Cryptosporidium spp. prevalence was determined using Ziehl-Neelsen staining, ELISA, and real-time PCR targeting of the COWP gene. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in patients undergoing chemotherapy for malignant solid tumors. SAMPLE SIZE: 94 RESULTS: The prevalence was 2.1% (2/94), 5.3% (5/94), and 5.3% (5/94) as detected by Ziehl-Neelsen staining, real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. The prevalence reached 8.5% (8/94) using all results obtained from the three methods. Among eight positive stool samples, four were positive by at least two different methods (Ziehl-Neelsen staining-ELISA or ELISA-real-time PCR) whereas the remaining four were positive by either ELISA or real-time PCR. CONCLUSION: These findings show the risk of cryptosporidiosis in cancer patients and the necessity to use at least two diagnostic methods during the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis to reach more accurate and trustworthy results. LIMITATIONS: Further studies with a larger sample size are recommended. Copyright: Copyright © 2021, Annals of Saudi Medicine, Saudi Arabia. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialNoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND). The details of which can be accessed at http://creativecommons. org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/
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    Anti-Tumorigenic Effect of Resveratrol in HepG2 cells Controlled with Cytochrome-c Dependent Cell Death
    (Mattioli 1885, 2022) Kıyak N.; Becer E.; Vatansever H.S.; Kükner A.
    Resveratrol is a phytochemical that is regarded as a potential anticancer agent in liver cancer prevention. It had also been shown that resveratrol has role in the prevention of cancer and anti-cancer properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol on cell viability, apoptosis, cellular proliferation, JAK/STAT pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HepG2) line. Cell growth and cytotoxicity were evaluated with MTT assay with different concentrations (5, 10, 25, 50, 100 μM) of resveratrol in HepG2 cells. The distribution of FasL, cyt-c, caspase-3, Ki-67, ACTA2, CD133, JAK2, N-cadherin, vimentin and STAT3 in HepG2 cells were analyzed using indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The effective dose and incubation time for inhibition of cell growth in HepG2 cells was determined as 100 μM for 48 hours. Decreased Ki-67 immunoreactivity following resveratrol application was significant in HepG2 cells. Increased cytc-c, STAT3, vimentin, N-cadherin and CD133 immunoreactivities were significant between resveratrol applicated HepG2 cells and control group. According to our results, resveratrol induced mitochondrial-dependent cell death and suppressed proliferation in HepG2 cells. On the other hand, our results showed that resveratrol stimulated cellular self-protection responses through activation of EMT and STAT3 protein expression in HepG2 cells. © 2022 Mattioli 1885. All rights reserved.
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    A multicentre, multinational study of clinical characteristics and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma; [Étude multicentrique et multinationale des caractéristiques cliniques et du pronostic du carcinome hépatocellulaire]
    (World Health Organization, 2023) Dirican A.; Uncu D.; Sekacheva M.; Artaç M.; Aladashvil A.; Erdogan A.; Kaplan M.; Alacacıoğlu A.; Boukovinas I.; Turhal N.
    Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant health problem, and the associated mortality rate is increasing. Aim: We aimed to determine the clinical characteristics and prognosis for HCC in member countries of the OncoBridge Study Group. Methods: We recruited 630 patients diagnosed with HCC between 2013 and 2019 from 4 countries (Türkiye, Russia, Georgia, and Greece). Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to investigate clinical and laboratory prognostic factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the prognostic value of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) value. Results: The 3 most common etiological factors were hepatitis B infection (39.7%), hepatitis C virus infection (17.0%) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (9.0%). Median overall survival for the whole group was 25 [95% confidence interval (CI): 15.7–34.2] months. Cut-off values for AFP and NLR were accepted as 200 ng/mL and 3.45, respectively. The area under the ROC curve values for AFP, NLR and NLR+AFP were 0.625 (95% CI: 0.547–0.704), 0.589 (95% CI: 0.512–0.667) and 0.657 (95% CI: 0.583–0.731). From the multivariate analysis, advanced tumour size, lymph node involvement and metastasis (TNM) stage, presence of cirrhosis, high AFP, and high NLR values were associated with poor survival. Conclusion: AFP, NLR, advanced TNM, and presence of cirrhosis may predict prognosis in patients with HCC. Studies involving more countries are needed to corroborate these findings. © Authors 2023; Licensee: World Health Organization.