Browsing by Subject "psychology"
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Item Mental health of both child and parents plays a larger role in the health-related quality of life of obese and overweight children(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 1985) Kızılay D.Ö.; Sapmaz Ş.Y.; Şen S.; Özkan Y.; Özyurt B.C.; Ersoy B.Aims: A decrease in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures among obese (OB) and overweight (OW) children has been shown in several studies, but knowledge about the variables affecting HRQOL impairments is missing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between HRQOL and sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, metabolic parameters, mental symptoms and parental attitudes in a sample of OB/OW children. Methods: Eighty-six OB/OW children, aged between 9 and 17 years, participated in the study. We performed sociodemographic questioning, anthropometric examinations and laboratory evaluations of the participants. HRQOL was assessed using the Pediatric Quality-of-Life Inventory (PedsQL), and levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured using the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire and the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), respectively. Parental attitudes were assessed with the Parental Attitude Research Instrument (PARI) questionnaire. Results: A statistically significant relationship was found between total scores of CDI and SCARED answered by children and the total and subscale scores of PedsQL. Scores of total quality of life subscale, physical functionality and emotional functionality subscales were significantly lower in children with a family history of mental illness. No relationship was found between PedsQL subscales, anthropometric and metabolic parameters. Conclusions: Emotional problems and parental psychological distress are important factors in models of HRQOL in the OB/OW pediatric population. © 1985 Walter de Gruyter GmbH. All rights reserved.Item Self and proxy rating of quality of life in adults with intellectual disabilities: Results from the DISQOL study(2010) Schmidt S.; Power M.; Green A.; Lucas-Carrasco R.; Eser E.; Dragomirecka E.; Fleck M.The aim of this study was to analyze the agreement between self and proxy reports of quality of life (QoL) in people with intellectual disabilities and to examine the factors which contribute to these differences. The study was conducted across six international centres in a sample of 614 adults with intellectual disabilities as well as two different samples of proxies (N=874) including both professional carers and relatives. QoL was assessed with the disability version of the WHOQOL-BREF.In both proxy samples results show a significant moderate association between the persons' QoL-assessment and the assessment of their proxies in all of the five QoL domains. There were significant mean differences in most items which varied in their direction. In general, people with disabilities rated their QoL higher than their proxies except for two items from the physical domain. The factors which most significantly contributed to these differences were proxy knowledge of the person as well as the WHODAS-disability score. Cross-cultural differences in the magnitude of concordance were observed.As a conclusion, the study shows a good agreement between the person-proxy QoL-assessments, and that the factors associated with disagreement are limited in this study. Future studies should elaborate the stability of concordance over time. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.Item Psychological problems of the surgical patient; [Cerrahi̇ hastasinin psi̇koloji̇k yönü](2011) Kutlu A.K.The patients might experience psychological problems of various extend depending on type of the surgical intervention. Generally, these problems are mainly anxiety, fear and stress. The aim of this article is to evaluate the psychology of surgical patients in pre- and post-operative periods, and review the theoretical approaches of some authors to cope with the problems. Also, recommendations about nursing interventions aiming at solving psychological problems of patients have been collected..Item The knowledge and considerations of the physicians regarding the inhaler devices in asthma and COPD: The INTEDA-1 study; [Asti{dotless}m ve koah tedavisinde kullani{dotless}lan inhaler cihazlar hakki{dotless}nda hekimlerin bilgi düzeyleri ve görüşleri: INTEDA-1 Çali{dotless}şmasi{dotless}](Ankara University, 2013) Çalişkaner A.Z.; Öztürk C.; Ceylan E.; Pekcan S.; Yilmaz Ö.; Öztürk S.; Can C.; Şener O.; Yilmaz Turay Ü.; Koç N.; Ersoy R.The knowledge and considerations of the physicians regarding the inhaler devices in asthma and COPD: the INTEDA-1 study Introduction: The present paper was aimed at indicating and discussing the possible problems related to inhaler devices by considering the knowledge and practices of the physicians regarding the inhalation therapies. Materials and Methods: The present study is a prospective, cross-sectional survey carried out by Turkish Respiratory Society Inhalation Therapy Group between February 2010 and February 2011 with a participation of ten individual centres. Seven inhaler devices that were available on the market in the country were assessed. The data on the problems that 684 clinicians actively attending patients with respiratory disorders experienced in daily clinical practice or their evaluations of their patients were obtained through the questionnaire. Results: The respondents, most of whom were pulmonologist (37.5%), and pediatrist (38.1%), had been,on average, 11.6 years in profession. The source of information on inhalers and administration techniques were reported to be mainly the internet and patient leaflets. Of the participants only 18.5% reported to have had adequate knowledge of inhaler devices and proper administration techniques. Most of the participants stated that they themselves provided the instructions of administration and that the method was often verbal explanation. The physicians believed that although approximately 60% of the patients used the drug correctly, 40.7% made critical mistakes to have adverse effects on the therapeutic outcome. The most important criteria on which the physians lay greater emphasis in choosing the inhaler devices were the physical capability, skills and age of the patients. Conclusion: The awareness of proper use of inhaler devices is a fundamental prerequisite for effective inhalation therapy has been improved in physicians. The results of the present study have shown that more effort is required for professional training. Assisting the physicans with medical personnel for training of the patients and educational motivation are required.Item Examine of quality of life of elderly indivudals suffering pain; [Aǧrisi olan yaşli bireylerin yaşam kalitesinin incelenmesi](2013) Güngör Tavşanli N.; Özçelik H.; Karadakovan A.Objectives: This study aims to examine the quality of life of elderly individuals suffering pain. Methods: The study was carried out on 84 individuals over the age of 65 resident at a local authority administered nursing home in Izmir who were suffering pain at the time of the interview. The individuals' introduction form, made up of 12 questions, was used to identify the individuals' socio-demographic characteristics, and the McGill Melzack Pain Questionnaire was used to assess the pain, and the WHOQOL-OLD (World health Organization Quality of Life Scale Older Adults Module) was applied. Results: A significant relationship was found between the current pain severity and the quality of life scale's sensory capacity, today's activities and future activities, and relationship sub-fields and the total points (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was established, as well as the elderly individuals' socio-demographic characteristics, sub-sections such as the features, severity and time of pain also had an effect on the quality of life.Item Reliability and validity of the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised for children and parents in Turkey: Cross-sectional study(Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2013) Yuksel H.; Yilmaz O.; Dogru D.; Karadag B.; Unal F.; Quittner A.L.Purpose: The purpose of study was to translate Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R) into Turkish for children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and evaluate its reliability and validity. This is the first CF-specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measure validated in a Muslim country. Methods: Fifty-one children aged 6-13 years treated at four centers in Turkey and 30 parents participated in this cross-sectional study. Demographic characteristics and disease severity parameters were recorded for all participants. All participants completed the parent or child versions of CFQ-R and KINDL questionnaires at enrollment. Reliability and construct validity analysis were carried out. Results: Both children and parents endorsed a range of responses, with no evidence of floor or ceiling effects. Item-to-total correlations indicated that most items were more highly correlated with their intended scale than competing scales. Good internal consistency was found for majority of child and parent scales. CFQ-R scales correlated significantly with clinical indices of disease severity. Good evidence of convergent validity with a generic HRQOL scale was found. Conclusion: Turkish versions of CFQ-R Child and Parent instruments have demonstrated adequate reliability and validity and can be utilized in clinical trials or integrated into clinical evaluation and follow-up of Turkish children with CF. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.Item The evaluation of asthma and COPD awareness in Turkey (GARD Turkey Project-National Control Program of Chronic Airway Diseases); [Türkiye'de asti{dotless}m ve KOAH farki{dotless}ndali{dotless}ǧi{dotless}ni{dotless}n deǧerlendirilmesi (GARD Türkiye Projesi-Kronik hava Yollari{dotless} Hastali{dotless}klari{dotless} Ulusal Kontrol Programi{dotless})](2013) Yildiz F.; Bingöl Karakoç G.; Ersu Hamutçu R.; Yardim N.; Ekinci B.; Yorgancioǧlu A.Introduction: Although chronic respiratory disorders are important causes of morbidity and mortality, health care workers, patients and caretakers are not well informed about these disorders. Therefore these problems are underdiagnosed and un-dertreated; also preventive measures are not widely taken. Our aim was to evaluate the knowledge of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Turkey. This study was designed and performed as a Global Alliance Against Respiratory Disorders (GARD) project. Materials and Methods: People greater than 15 years of age who lived in cities with a population of 200 or greater were eligible for the study. A questionnaire including demographic data and questions regarding asthma and COPD was used for the evalution of the participants. Results: 12.000 people were selected (6000 in rural and 6000 in urban areas); 8527 people were reached. 8342 people who completed the questionnaire were included to the study. There were 4182 (50.1%) female and 4160 (%49.9) male subjects. 49.6% of the subjects knew that COPD is a lung disease, 51.1% indicated that smoking is the most important risk factor for COPD and 48% identified quitting smoking as the most important preventive measure. Every other person had baseline knowledge on COPD. However only 25.2% knew that there are treatment options for COPD. 80% of subjects said asthma can be seen in all age groups. 51.1% knew asthma is a genetic disease and 58% said it is not an infectious disease. However when whether asthma medications caused drug dependency only 27% answered as "No" while 55.2% said "They do not know". Conclusion: Awareness of COPD and asthma seem to be insufficient among Turkish people. Since these disorders are important causes of morbidity and mortality and have high impact on work and economic loss, it is important to increase knowledge among public.Item Knowledge about cervical cancer, Pap test and barriers towards cervical screening of women in Turkey(2013) Yanikkerem E.; Goker A.; Piro N.; Dikayak S.; Koyuncu F.M.We aimed to identify knowledge about cervical cancer (CC) and Pap test (PT) and the barriers why women do not have Pap test done. The study was conducted with a sample of 1,036 women. Overall, 64.4 % had heard of CC, 43.1 % had heard about PT and 24.7 % had had a test at least once. It was determined that women had moderate knowledge of cervical cancer but poor knowledge of Pap test. Knowledge of CC and PT was significantly better among employed and single women, who had higher education, no prior delivery, a higher income level and regular gynaecological examination. Common barriers to PT were lack of awareness, being uncomfortable with the procedure and not knowing where to go for a PT. Utilization of the PT will not increase unless knowledge is improved and barriers are eliminated. Healthcare professionals are the key persons to provide both knowledge and facilities towards the goal of CC prevention. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.Item The validation of the turkish version of asthma control test(Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2013) Uysal M.A.; Mungan D.; Yorgancioglu A.; Yildiz F.; Akgun M.; Gemicioglu B.; Turktas H.Introduction: Current guidelines focus more on levels of asthma control than on severity of asthma. The original version of the Asthma Control Test (ACT), a self-administered instrument to determine asthma control levels, was designed for English-speaking patients. More recently, the ACT has been translated into many languages and has been validated for many cultures, but this is the first study to evaluate the Turkish version. Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Turkish version of the ACT among outpatients with asthma. Method: This multicenter prospective study included 220 asthma patients in outpatient clinics in Turkey. The ACT was completed at admission (Visit 1), after 10 ± 2 days (Visit 2), and at 5 ± 1 weeks (Visit 3). At each visit, physicians assessed patients' asthma control levels. Results: The Turkish version of the ACT showed an internal consistency reliability of 0.84 (Cronbach's alpha). Test-retest reliability was 0.85 in stable patients. There was a significant correlation between the ACT and physicians' assessments at admission (r = 0.68, p < 0.001). The AUC was 0.91, with a sensitivity of 89.06 % and a specificity of 78.26 % for a score of ≤19 for screening "uncontrolled" asthma. A minimally important difference of three points on the ACT was consistent with the GINA physician assessment scores between the baseline and the follow-up visits. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the ACT is a valid and reliable tool for assessing asthma control in patients in outpatient settings. The test may facilitate the designation of asthma patients' symptoms as either controlled or uncontrolled. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.Item Metacognition in psychosis: Comparison of schizophrenia with bipolar disorder(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2014) Tas C.; Brown E.C.; Aydemir O.; Brüne M.; Lysaker P.H.While deficits in metacognition have been observed in schizophrenia (SZ), it is less clear whether these are specific to the disorder. Accordingly, this study compared metacognitive abilities of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD) and examined the degree to which neurocognition contributed to metacognitive deficits in both groups. Participants were 30 patients with SZ and 30 with BD. Metacognitive capacity was measured using the Metacognition Assessment Scale Abbreviated (MAS-A). This scale comprises four domains: self-reflectivity, understanding others' minds, decentration and mastery. Verbal memory, executive functioning and symptoms were concurrently assessed. Group comparisons revealed that SZ patients had greater deficits in metacognitive self-reflectivity, which correctly classified 85.2% of patients with SZ in a logistic regression. Self-reflectivity and understanding others' minds were related to verbal memory and executive functioning in the SZ group, but not in the BD group. Furthermore, greater positive and general psychotic symptoms were associated with poorer metacognition in SZ. Results suggest SZ involves unique deficits in the ability to self-reflect and that these deficits may be uniquely linked with neurocognition. © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.Item Skin cancer knowledge and sun protection behavior among nursing students(Blackwell Publishing Asia, 2014) Yilmaz M.; Yavuz B.; Subasi M.; Kartal A.; Celebioglu A.; Kacar H.; Adana F.; Ozyurek P.; Altiparmak S.Aim: The objective of this study was to determine skin cancer knowledge and sun protection behavior among nursing students. Methods: A total of 1178 nursing students in the Aegean Region of Turkey took part in this descriptive study. A score for knowledge on protection against skin cancer and a score for protective behavior against skin cancer were calculated. Results: In this study, first year students sunbathed more in the middle of the day than fourth year students, and their knowledge of skin cancer was lower. No statistical difference was determined for protective behavior between the two groups. The knowledge levels and protective behavior of first year students were alarmingly low, but the average scores for knowledge and behavior of the fourth year university students were higher. The knowledge levels of the fourth year students were average but their protective behavior was insufficient. It was found that the knowledge levels and the levels of protective behavior of light-skinned students were higher. Conclusion: This study revealed that the knowledge levels and protective behavior of first year nursing students against the harmful effects of the sun and for protection against skin cancer were alarmingly low. It also showed that the knowledge levels of the fourth year nursing students were average, but that their protective behavior was very insufficient. These findings suggest that it is of extreme importance to acquire knowledge and behavior for protection against skin cancers in the education of nursing students. © 2014 Japan Academy of Nursing Science.Item Effects of music on complications during hemodialysis for chronic renal failure patients(2014) Koca Kutlu A.; Eren A.G.The study was planned as a case-control study to examine the effects of music on some of the complications experienced by chronic renal failure (CRF) patients during hemodialysis. A total of 60 patients (30 intervention and 30 control) diagnosed with end-stage renal failure undergoing hemodialysis treatment participated in this study. The study was conducted in Manisa Merkez Efendi State Hospital Hemodialysis Unit and Manisa Özel Anemon Hemodialysis between April 2012 and July 2012. The intervention group listened 30 minutes in each session (12 total sessions) Turkish art music at the beginning of the third hour of their hemodialysis sessions. Patient Information Form and visual analog scale to assess pain, nausea, vomiting, and cramps during hemodialysis session were used. For the analysis of data, the number, percentage, chi-square test, and significance test of independent group differences between two averages were conducted. According to the findings of the study, the average of the intervention and control group ages, respectively, was 50.86±11.3 and 55.13±9.68. The primary duration of hemodialysis treatment for both intervention and control groups was "1 year and above" (70.0%). The intervention group's pain and nausea scores were lower than the control group for all 12 sessions. The difference between the intervention and the control group's pain scores was significant (P<0.05). However, in pain scores from the first session to 12th session, continuous decreasing trend was not observed. According to the results, music can be used as an independent nursing practice for reduction of complications for CRF patients receiving hemodialysis treatment. © 2014 International Society for Hemodialysis.Item Prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with cystic fibrosis and parent caregivers: Results of the International Depression Epidemiological Study across nine countries(BMJ Publishing Group, 2014) Quittner A.L.; Goldbeck L.; Abbott J.; Duff A.; Lambrecht P.; Solé A.; Tibosch M.M.; Brucefors A.B.; Yüksel H.; Catastini P.; Blackwell L.; Barker D.Background: Individuals with chronic diseases and parent caregivers are at increased risk for symptoms of depression and anxiety. Prevalence of psychological symptoms was evaluated in adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) and parent caregivers across nine countries. Methods: Patients with CF, ages 12 years and older, and caregivers of children with CF, birth to18 years of age, completed measures of depression and anxiety across 154 CF centres in Europe and the USA. Psychological symptoms were compared across countries using χ2. Logistic regression examined extent of comorbid symptoms, predictors of depression and anxiety, and concordance between parent and adolescent symptomatology. Results: Psychological symptoms were reported by 6088 patients with CF and 4102 parents. Elevated symptoms of depression were found in 10% of adolescents, 19% of adults, 37% of mothers and 31% of fathers. Elevations in anxiety were found in 22% of adolescents, 32% of adults, 48% of mothers and 36% of fathers. Overall, elevations were 2-3 times those of community samples. Participants reporting elevated anxiety were more likely to report depression (ORs: adolescents=14.97, adults=13.64, mothers=15.52, fathers=9.20). Significant differences in reports of depression and anxiety were found by patient age and parent respondent. Concordance between 1122 parent-teen dyads indicated that adolescents whose parents reported depression were more likely to be elevated on depression (OR=2.32). Similarly, adolescents whose parents reported anxiety were more likely to score in the elevated range on the anxiety measure (OR=2.22). Conclusions: Symptoms of depression and anxiety were elevated in both patients with CF and parents across several European countries and the USA. Annual screening of psychological symptoms is recommended for both patients and parents. © 2014, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.Item Oxidative stress markers, cognitive functions, and psychosocial functioning in bipolar disorder: An empirical cross-sectional study(Associacao Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 2014) Aydemir Ö.; Çubukçuoğlu Z.; Erdin S.; Taş C.; Onur E.; Berk M.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress markers and cognitive functions and domains of psychosocial functioning in bipolar disorder.; Methods: Oxidative stress markers, cognitive functions, and domains of psychosocial functioning were evaluated in 51 patients with bipolar disorder who were in remission. Correlation analyses between these parameters were calculated with data controlled for duration of illness and number of episodes.; Results: There was no statistically significant correlation between oxidative stress markers and cognitive functions. In terms of psychosocial functioning, significant correlations were found between malondialdehyde and sense of stigmatization (r = -0.502); household activities and superoxide dismutase (r = 0.501); participation in social activities and nitric oxide (r = 0.414); hobbies and leisure time activities and total glutathione (r = -0.567), superoxide dismutase (r = 0.667), and neurotrophin 4 (r = 0.450); and taking initiative and self-sufficiency and superoxide dismutase (r = 0.597). There was no correlation between other domains of psychosocial functioning and oxidative stress markers.; Conclusion: These results imply that oxidative stress markers do not appear to correlate clearly with cognitive impairment and reduced psychosocial functioning. However, there were some associations between selected oxidative markers and activity-oriented functional markers. This may represent a true negative association, or may be an artifact of oxidative stress being a state rather than a trait marker. © 2014 Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria.Item Alterations in BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor) and GDNF (glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor) serum levels in bipolar disorder: The role of lithium(Elsevier, 2014) Tunca Z.; Ozerdem A.; Ceylan D.; Yalçin Y.; Can G.; Resmi H.; Akan P.; Ergör G.; Aydemir Ö.; Çaǧrisiz C.; Kerim D.Objective Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been consistently reported to be decreased in mania or depression in bipolar disorders. Evidence suggests that Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has a role in the pathogenesis of mood disorders. Whether GDNF and BDNF act in the same way across different episodes in bipolar disorders is unclear. Method BDNF and GDNF serum levels were measured simultaneously by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in 96 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder according to DSM-IV (37 euthymic, 33 manic, 26 depressed) in comparison to 61 healthy volunteers. SCID- I and SCID-non patient version were used for clinical evaluation of the patients and healthy volunteers respectively. Correlations between the two trophic factor levels, and medication dose, duration and serum levels of lithium or valproate were studied across different episodes of illness. Results Patients had significantly lower BDNF levels during mania and depression compared to euthymic patients and healthy controls. GDNF levels were not distinctive. However GDNF/BDNF ratio was higher in manic state compared to euthymia and healthy controls. Significant negative correlation was observed between BDNF and GDNF levels in euthymic patients. While BDNF levels correlated positively, GDNF levels correlated negatively with lithium levels. Regression analysis confirmed that lithium levels predicted only GDNF levels positively in mania, and negatively in euthymia. Limitations Small sample size in different episodes and drug-free patients was the limitation of thestudy. Conclusion Current data suggests that lithium exerts its therapeutic action by an inverse effect on BDNF and GDNF levels, possibly by up-regulating BDNF and down-regulating GDNF to achieve euthymia. © 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.Item Sexual dysfunction in Turkish women with dispareunia and its impact on the quality of life(S.O.G. CANADA Inc., 2014) Ulkumen B.A.; Erkan M.M.; Pala H.G.; Baytur Y.B.Purpose of Investigation: The authors aimed to determine the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) among Turkish dyspareunic women and to establish the associated factors with FSD. Furthermore, they aimed to investigate if dyspareunia and possible ssociated sexual complaints were related to impaired quality of life (QoL). Materials and Methods: The study included 154 women admitted to the present gynecology department at a tertiary center in the west region of Turkey, 67 of which suffered from dyspareunia. The remaining 87 sexually healthy women were included in the control group. FSD was assessed with 19-item validated female sexual function index (FSFI). QoL was assessed using short form 36 (SF-36). The chi-squared test and t-test were used for analysing the group differences. Pearson's correlation test was used to determine the effect of the variables of FSFI on the SF-36. Multivariate analysis and logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors for FSD and to estimate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The incidence of FSD in dyspareunic group and control group was 86.57% and 36.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). Dyspareunic women had lower scores with regards to sexual desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain domains at significant level (p < 0.001). Education level, time period after the last delivery, duration of marriage, parity, and dyspareunia were significantly related to FSD. However, dyspareunia was an independent risk factor for FSD (OR 11.49; 95% CI 4.95-26.67). Regarding the impact on the QoL, dyspareunic women had lower scores with regards to the physical role, social function, bodily pain, and vitality domains. Conclusion: The present results show that dyspareunia has a major impact on women's sexual ftinction and QoL. Clinicians have an important role for encouraging women to report their sexual complaints. Identifying dyspareunia and treating FSD may positively affect women's sexual function and overall QoL.Item A multinational study to pilot the modified Hypomania Checklist (mHCL) in the assessment of mixed depression(2014) Altinbas K.; Ozerdem A.; Prieto M.L.; Fuentes M.E.; Yalin N.; Ersoy Z.; Aydemir O.; Quiroz D.; Oztekin S.; Geske J.R.; Feeder S.E.; Angst J.; Frye M.A.Background Mixed depression is a common, dimensional phenomenon that is increasingly recognized in unipolar and bipolar disorders. We piloted a modified version of the Hypomania Checklist (mHCL-32) to assess the prevalence and clinical correlates of concurrent manic (hypo) symptoms in depressed patients. Methods The mHCL-32, Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-24) were utilized in the assessment of unipolar (UP=61) and bipolar (BP=44) patients with an index major depressive episode confirmed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). Differential mHLC-32 item endorsement was compared between UP and BP. Correlation analyses assessed the association of symptom dimensions measured by mHCL-32, YMRS and HAMD-24. Results There was no significant difference between mood groups in the mean mHCL-32 and YMRS scores. Individual mHLC-32 items of increased libido, quarrels, and caffeine intake were endorsed more in BP vs. UP patients. The mHCL-32 active-elevated subscale score was positively correlated with the YMRS in BP patients and negatively correlated with HAMD-24 in UP patients. Conversely, the mHCL-32 irritable-risk taking subscale score was positively correlated with HAMD-24 in BP and with YMRS in UP patients. Limitations Small sample size and cross-sectional design. Conclusion Modifying the HCL to screen for (hypo) manic symptoms in major depression may have utility in identifying mixed symptoms in both bipolar vs. unipolar depression. Further research is encouraged to quantify mixed symptoms with standardized assessments.Item Knowledge, attitudes, practices and barriers towards HPV vaccination among nurses in turkey: A longitudinal study(Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, 2014) Yanikkerem E.; Koker G.Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) occurs in women of all age groups, and causes cervical, anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile and oropharyngeal cancers. The aim of the study was to discover what nurses know about HPV infection, testing and vaccination and to determine vaccine practice of their daughters and perceived barriers. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out nurses who have worked in a hospital between January and June 2014. Pre-test and post-test were used to evaluate the nurses' knowledge about HPV infection, testing and vaccination. This study was performed with nurses who had girls between 9 and 26 years of age for evaluating the behavior of vaccination after three months of education. Results: The mean of pre-test and post-test scores about HPV infection, which included 22 items, were 8.2±5.6 and 19.2±1.5, respectively. Before education the HPV testing knowledge score was remarkably poor (1.9±1.7 over 5), after education it increased to 4.8±0.5. The mean HPV vaccine knowledge score were 3.7±2.7 (pre-test) 7.3±0.8 (post-test) on a 0-8 scale. The difference between mean total pre-test (13.9±9.1) and post-test (31.3±1.9) scores was statistically significant (p<0.001). After three months of education, only two of the nurses' daughters were vaccinated. The main reason was noted by nurses were not willing to be vaccinated was cost, doubts about safety and efficacy related to the vaccine. About one-third of nurses declared that they would receive the vaccine for their daughter later. Conclusions: Nurses have a crucial role in the prevention, treatment, increasing public awareness and care for population. The education of the nurses about HPV infection, test and vaccination will play an important part decreasing cancer mortality and morbidity.Item Does Working with Child Abuse Cases Affect Professionals’ Parenting and the Psychological Well-Being of Their Children?(Routledge, 2014) Dursun O.B.; Sener M.T.; Esin I.S.; Ançi Y.; Yalin Sapmaz Ş.Work in the field of sexual abuse is extremely stressful and may arouse negative personal reactions. Although these secondary trauma effects are well described on a personal level, there is not enough evidence to understand whether these professionals carry these effects to their homes, families, and offspring. This study aims to identify the effects of working with child abuse cases on the anxiety level and parenting styles of childhood trauma workers and on their children’s well-being. A total of 43 health and legal system workers who worked with abused children in any step of their process and who had children constituted the study group, and 50 control cases, each working in the same institution and having the same occupation as 1 of the participants from the study group and having children but not working directly with children and child abuse cases, were included in the study. Participants were asked to fill out a sociodemographic form, the Parental Attitude Research Instrument, the trait portion of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and an age-appropriate form of the Child Behavior Checklist for each child they had. Professionals in the study working with child abuse cases demonstrated significantly higher democratic parenting attitudes. Law enforcement workers working with child abuse cases demonstrated stricter and more authoritarian parenting strategies, as well as more democratic attitudes, than their colleagues. There was not a statistically significant relationship between child abuse workers’ anxiety level and their children’s well-being among control subjects. © , Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item Oxidative stress in schizophrenia: A case-control study on the effects on social cognition and neurocognition(BioMed Central Ltd., 2014) Gonzalez-Liencres C.; Tas C.; Brown E.C.; Erdin S.; Onur E.; Cubukcoglu Z.; Aydemir O.; Esen-Danaci A.; Brüne M.Background: Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental disorder that presents impairments in neurocognition and social cognition. Several studies have suggested that the etiology of schizophrenia can be partly explained by oxidative stress. However, our knowledge about the implications of oxidative stress on illness-related cognitive deficits is still far from being clear. The aim of this work was to study the role of oxidative stress molecules on social cognition and neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia.Methods: We assessed the peripheral levels of several molecules associated with oxidative stress, namely nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), homocysteine, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and neurotrophin 4/5 (NT4/5), in forty-one patients with schizophrenia and forty-three healthy participants. A battery of tests to measure neurocognition and social cognition was also administered to the schizophrenia group.Results: We found that the schizophrenia group presented substantially higher levels of oxidative stress than the control group, as revealed by elevated quantities of the pro-oxidants NO and MDA, and decreased levels of the antioxidants GSH, SOD and NT4/5. Interestingly, the levels of NT4/5, which have been shown to have antioxidant effects, correlated with executive functioning, as measured by two distinct tests (WCST and TMT). However, social cognition and symptom severity were not found to be associated with oxidative stress.Conclusions: We propose a protective role of NT4/5 against oxidative stress, which appears to have a potentially beneficial impact on neurocognition in schizophrenia. © 2014 Gonzalez-Liencres et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.