Chronic actinic damage of facial skin
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Date
2014
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Abstract
Chronic actinic damage of the skin manifests itself as extrinsic skin aging (photoaging) and photocarcinogenesis. During the last decade, substantial progress has been made in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms of photoaging. DNA photodamage and ultraviolet-generated reactive oxygen species are the initial events that lead to most of the typical histologic and clinical manifestations of chronic photodamage of the skin. Chronic actinic damage affects all layers of the skin. Keratinocytes, melanocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells are altered by ultraviolet radiation and can result in numerous changes in human skin, particularly the skin of fair-skinned individuals. These changes include actinic keratosis, thickening and wrinkling, elastosis, telengiectasia, solar comedones, diffuse or mottled hyperpigmentation, and skin cancers. There are many options in the treatment of changes caused by chronic actinic damage. The most effective measure of prevention of the photoaging and photocarcinogenesis is sun protection. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.
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Aging , Carcinogenesis , Chronic Disease , Facial Dermatoses , Female , Humans , Keratinocytes , Male , Melanocytes , Photosensitivity Disorders , Prognosis , Skin Aging , Skin Neoplasms , Ultraviolet Rays , adapalene , cosmetic , emollient agent , estrogen , hormone , isotretinoin , mitochondrial DNA , polydeoxyribonucleotide synthase , retinoic acid , retinoid , retinol , tazarotene , apocrine gland , basal cell carcinoma , blood vessel , carcinogenesis , chronic actinic damage , chronic actinic damage , colloid milium , connective tissue , crow feet , cutaneous melanoma , cutaneous parameters , cutis rhomboidalis nuchae , dermoepidermal junction , DNA damage , DNA repair , elastosis , esthetic surgery , face disorder , fibroblast , gene mutation , human , keratinocyte , laser surgery , melanocyte , nail , nonhuman , Note , oxidative stress , photodynamic therapy , plastic surgery , radiation exposure , sebaceous gland , signal transduction , skin defect , squamous cell carcinoma , sunlight protection , sweat gland , telomere shortening , adverse effects , aging , chronic disease , Facial Dermatoses , female , male , metabolism , pathology , Photosensitivity Disorders , physiology , prognosis , Skin Neoplasms , ultraviolet radiation