Cytokine expression profiles in Autism spectrum disorder: A multi-center study from Turkey

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dc.contributor.authorKutuk M.O.
dc.contributor.authorTufan E.
dc.contributor.authorGokcen C.
dc.contributor.authorKilicaslan F.
dc.contributor.authorKaradag M.
dc.contributor.authorMutluer T.
dc.contributor.authorYektas C.
dc.contributor.authorCoban N.
dc.contributor.authorKandemir H.
dc.contributor.authorBuber A.
dc.contributor.authorCoskun S.
dc.contributor.authorAcikbas U.
dc.contributor.authorGuler G.
dc.contributor.authorTopal Z.
dc.contributor.authorCelik F.
dc.contributor.authorAltintas E.
dc.contributor.authorGiray A.
dc.contributor.authorAka Y.
dc.contributor.authorKutuk O.
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-22T08:07:07Z
dc.date.available2024-07-22T08:07:07Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in communication and social interaction as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. The pathogenesis of ASD is not completely understood, but a growing body of research has demonstrated that the immune response may be a contributing factor in the etiology and/ or ontogeny of ASD. The aim of this study was to determine the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α and TGF-β in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with ASD and healthy controls in order to determine the contributions of cytokines to ASD. Within the study timeframe, 195 children with ASDs (80.5% male) and 162 controls (73.6% male) were enrolled. Most children with ASD had a comorbid disorder (n = 114, 58.5%), with the most common diagnoses as Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD, n = 64, 32.8%) and ADHD (n = 64, 32.8%). The majority of children with ASD had severe autistic symptoms as evaluated via Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS, n = 130, 64.6%). The mean CARS score in the ASD sample was 40.8 (S.D. = 7.6). The patients with ASD were found to have significantly higher levels of IL-6 (p < 0.001) and significantly lower levels of IL-17 (p < 0.05, all Bonferroni corrected). Treatment tended to affect IL-4 levels. Lastly, discriminant function analysis (DFA) revealed that a combination of IL-6, IL-17 and IL-1α correctly classified 56.6% of cases. Despite extensive immunological evidence suggesting immune system aberrations, further research is required to clarify the relationship between immune profiles and ASD symptoms. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
dc.identifier.DOI-ID10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155152
dc.identifier.issn10434666
dc.identifier.urihttp://akademikarsiv.cbu.edu.tr:4000/handle/123456789/13840
dc.language.isoEnglish
dc.publisherAcademic Press
dc.subjectAdult
dc.subjectAutism Spectrum Disorder
dc.subjectAutistic Disorder
dc.subjectCells, Cultured
dc.subjectChild
dc.subjectCytokines
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectImmunity
dc.subjectInterleukin-1beta
dc.subjectLeukocytes, Mononuclear
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectTurkey
dc.subjectcytokine
dc.subjectinterleukin 17
dc.subjectinterleukin 1alpha
dc.subjectinterleukin 1beta
dc.subjectinterleukin 4
dc.subjectinterleukin 6
dc.subjectmessenger RNA
dc.subjecttransforming growth factor beta
dc.subjecttumor necrosis factor
dc.subjectcytokine
dc.subjectinterleukin 1beta
dc.subjectadolescent
dc.subjectArticle
dc.subjectattention deficit disorder
dc.subjectautism
dc.subjectchild
dc.subjectChildhood Autism Rating Scale
dc.subjectclinical evaluation
dc.subjectclinical feature
dc.subjectcomorbidity
dc.subjectcontrolled study
dc.subjectdevelopmental disorder
dc.subjectdisease severity
dc.subjectfemale
dc.subjectgene expression
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectimmune system
dc.subjectintellectual developmental disorder
dc.subjectmajor clinical study
dc.subjectmale
dc.subjectmulticenter study
dc.subjectperipheral blood mononuclear cell
dc.subjectpriority journal
dc.subjectprotein expression
dc.subjectsymptom
dc.subjectTurkey (republic)
dc.subjectadult
dc.subjectautism
dc.subjectcell culture
dc.subjectclinical trial
dc.subjectimmunity
dc.subjectmetabolism
dc.subjectmononuclear cell
dc.subjectphysiology
dc.subjectturkey (bird)
dc.titleCytokine expression profiles in Autism spectrum disorder: A multi-center study from Turkey
dc.typeArticle

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