Ultrasound- and heat-assisted extraction of glycyrrhizin from licorice by two glycerol-based DESs - Modeling and optimization as per response surface methodology

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dc.contributor.authorKubra K.T.
dc.contributor.authorAhmed D.
dc.contributor.authorAydar A.Y.
dc.contributor.authorQamar M.T.
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-22T08:02:48Z
dc.date.available2024-07-22T08:02:48Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractGlycyrrhizin is an important bioactive compound of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) having many pharmaceutical properties. The present study explored the extraction of glycyrrhizin from licorice in two glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents glycerol-ammonium acetate (GAA) and glycerol-choline chloride (GCC) and by two different techniques heat-assisted extraction (HAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). For optimization, response surface methodology (RSM) as per CCD (central composite design) was applied. Quantification of the compound was done by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). In GAA-HAE, the highest yield 36.96 mg/g was at 80 °C temperature, 25 min time, and 50% DES concentration and in GCC-HAE, the highest yield was 35.26 mg/g that was at temperature 80 °C, time 65 min and 50% DES concentration. In GAA-UAE, the highest yield 35.41 mg/g was at temperature 60 °C, time 79 min and 70% DES concentration, and in GCC-UAE, the highest yield 31.37 mg/g was at temperature 80 °C, time 25 min and 50% DES concentration. UAE-methanol gave the highest yield 31.36 mg/g that was at temperature 60 °C, time 45 min and 70% methanol. The predicted models had high fitness each having a significant p-value (<0.05) and a nonsignificant lack of fit p-value. The R2 values were about 94%, 98%, 93%, 95% and 95% for GAA-UAE, GCC-UAE, GAA-HAE, GCC-HAE and methanol-UAE models, respectively, which also indicated high adequacy of the models. In terms of yield, HAE and UAE were comparable but UAE has the advantage of being more environmentally friendly, and GAA was more powerful than GCC as extracting medium. As a result, GAA-UAE should be a viable option for extracting glycyrrhizin from licorice as an efficient and environmentally friendly method. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
dc.identifier.DOI-ID10.1016/j.scp.2022.100910
dc.identifier.issn23525541
dc.identifier.urihttp://akademikarsiv.cbu.edu.tr:4000/handle/123456789/11994
dc.language.isoEnglish
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.
dc.subjectammonium acetate
dc.subjectcholine
dc.subjectdeep eutectic solvent
dc.subjectglycerol
dc.subjectglycyrrhizic acid
dc.subjectmethanol
dc.subjectArticle
dc.subjectcentral composite design
dc.subjectchemical structure
dc.subjectcomparative study
dc.subjectcontrolled study
dc.subjectexperimental design
dc.subjectextraction
dc.subjectGlycyrrhiza glabra
dc.subjectheat assisted extraction
dc.subjecthigh performance liquid chromatography
dc.subjectlimit of quantitation
dc.subjectmodel
dc.subjectnonhuman
dc.subjectplant root
dc.subjectprocess optimization
dc.subjectresponse surface method
dc.subjectsurface property
dc.subjecttemperature
dc.subjectultrasound assisted extraction
dc.titleUltrasound- and heat-assisted extraction of glycyrrhizin from licorice by two glycerol-based DESs - Modeling and optimization as per response surface methodology
dc.typeArticle

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