Development of jerk/acceleration limited tool path planning algorithm for circular and helical motions of CNC machining tools; [CNC tezgâhlarinda dairesel ve helisel hareketler için jerk/ivme sinirlandirmali yörünge planlama algoritmasinin geliştirilmesi]
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2022
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Abstract
Improvement of CNC machines' operating performance and product processing capabilities, which are an important part of industrial production, has been an important subject of academic studies. In this study, jerk and acceleration limited tool path planning algorithm for the circular and helical motions of industrial CNC machining is proposed to provide high speed, high precision and vibration-free machine operations. The most important contribution of the study is the development of a circular/helical trajectory planning algorithm, which eliminates the disadvantages of existing methods in the literature that normally cause contour errors and deflections from the main trajectory, based on the X-Y-Z and R information in G02/G03 commands. Also, it is proposed that applying the interpolation process on the basis of constant jerk speed profiles that do not exceed the acceleration capacities of the axis motors according to optimum velocity values at the command line transition points. The proposed methods are verified by two applications of the product processing on a 4-axis industrial CNC-Milling Machine. The axis motors on the CNC machine are controlled over the EtherCat protocol using CNC control unit software developed by the authors. Trajectory tracking performance of the axis motors controlled with 1ms sampling time is analyzed based on the error evaluation criteria. The processed products using over a thousand lines of G-code files show that the mathematical structure of the tool path planning algorithm is robust and comprehensive. © 2022 Gazi Universitesi Muhendislik-Mimarlik. All rights reserved.