An evaluation of both serum Klotho/FGF-23 and apelin-13 for detection of diabetic nephropathy
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Date
2023
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Abstract
Purpose: The aim of our study is to evaluate whether serum Klotho/FGF-23 and apelin-13 can be used as new biomarkers for detection of development of nephropathy. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 88 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and 38 healthy controls were included. The mean duration of T2DM was 11.4 ± 9.7 years. T2DM individuals were categorized into two groups as group 1 with e-GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and group 2 with e-GFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. They were also divided into two groups according to their 24 h urine albumin levels, classifying them as follows: normoalbuminuria if less than 30 mg/day and albuminuria if more than 30 mg/day. Results: Mean serum Klotho levels in the T2DM group were observed to be significantly higher than in the control group. Serum apelin-13 levels were observed to be significantly lower in the T2DM group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). In the diabetic group, apelin-13 levels were positively correlated with age, waist circumference, and albuminuria while they were negatively correlated with e-GFR. Apelin-13 levels were seen to be significantly higher in group 1 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Apelin-13 levels were found to be significantly higher in individuals with diabetic nephropathy than in those without diabetic nephropathy. In the diabetic group, a significant relationship was detected between apelin-13 levels and albumin excretion. Based on these findings, we consider that serum Klotho and apelin-13 levels may have a protective effect on diabetic nephropathy and can additionally be used as a biomarker to predict diabetic nephropathy. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Hellenic Endocrine Society.
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Albumins , Albuminuria , Apelin , Biomarkers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Diabetic Nephropathies , Glucuronidase , Humans , albumin , apelin , apelin 13 , biological marker , fibroblast growth factor 23 , klotho protein , unclassified drug , albumin , apelin , apelin-13 peptide , beta glucuronidase , biological marker , adult , age , albumin urine level , albuminuria , Article , controlled study , correlation analysis , cross-sectional study , diabetic nephropathy , diabetic patient , disease duration , disease marker , enzyme linked immunosorbent assay , estimated glomerular filtration rate , female , human , laboratory test , major clinical study , male , middle aged , non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus , protein blood level , protein function , Turkey (republic) , university hospital , waist circumference , diabetic nephropathy , non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus , urine