Chemotherapy influences inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity on 3D breast cancer cell line

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dc.contributor.authorÖktem G.
dc.contributor.authorBilir A.
dc.contributor.authorSelvi N.
dc.contributor.authorYurtseven M.E.
dc.contributor.authorVatansever S.
dc.contributor.authorAtes U.
dc.contributor.authorUysal A.
dc.contributor.authorOmay S.B.
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-22T08:23:37Z
dc.date.available2024-07-22T08:23:37Z
dc.date.issued2006
dc.description.abstractMulticellular tumor spheroids (MTS) are three-dimensional structural forms of tumors grown in vitro in the laboratory. In this study, the aim was to determine the regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expressions on MTS in response to treatment with the commonly used anti-cancer drugs Doxorubicin and Docetaxel. The spheroids were generated using the "liquid overlay" technique. The distribution of both iNOS and eNOS was detected using indirect immunohistochemistry, while the expression of both iNOS and eNOS was measured using Western blots. Additionally, S-phase analysis using 5-bromo-2′- deoxyuridine (BrdU) was done on the MTS after treatment with doxorubicin, docetaxel, and a combination of the two. The Griess method was used to measure nitric oxide (NO) production in the cells. An increase in iNOS immunoreactivity and a decrease in eNOS immunoreactivity were observed after doxorubicin treatment, when compared with the other groups. Furthermore, upregulation of iNOS and downregulation of eNOS were detected in doxorubicin-treated cells using Western blotting. Insignificant iNOS expression was observed in all of the groups, and it was particularly low in the control and drug combination groups. NO production was also found to be significantly high after docetaxel treatment, and cell proliferation decreased after doxorubicin treatment. In conclusion, chemotherapy influences NOS activity differently with the presence of different drugs. The results with iNOS show that doxorubicin is a more effective drug than docetaxel, and a drug combination may play a helpful role in the suppression of tumorigenicity and cancer metastasis. Interestingly, eNOS expression increased after the addition of both docetaxel and the drug combination, and it was found to negatively correlate with the histological grade of the tumor. Therefore, analyzing the expression of both iNOS and eNOS might be very useful for targeting the treatment of breast carcinoma and obtaining better information on prognosis. Copyright © 2006 Cognizant Comm. Corp.
dc.identifier.DOI-ID10.3727/000000006783981107
dc.identifier.issn09650407
dc.identifier.urihttp://akademikarsiv.cbu.edu.tr:4000/handle/123456789/19610
dc.language.isoEnglish
dc.publisherTech Science Press
dc.subjectbroxuridine
dc.subjectdocetaxel
dc.subjectdoxorubicin
dc.subjectendothelial nitric oxide synthase
dc.subjectinducible nitric oxide synthase
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectbreast cancer
dc.subjectcancer cell culture
dc.subjectcancer chemotherapy
dc.subjectcell proliferation
dc.subjectcontrolled study
dc.subjectcytotoxicity
dc.subjectdown regulation
dc.subjectdrug effect
dc.subjectenzyme activity
dc.subjectenzyme localization
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjecthuman cell
dc.subjectIC 50
dc.subjectimmunohistochemistry
dc.subjectimmunoreactivity
dc.subjectpriority journal
dc.subjectprotein expression
dc.subjectupregulation
dc.subjectWestern blotting
dc.titleChemotherapy influences inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity on 3D breast cancer cell line
dc.typeArticle

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