Subtilisin Carlsberg immobilization and its application for eco-friendly leather processing

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dc.contributor.authorEser A.
dc.contributor.authorAydemir T.
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-22T08:03:49Z
dc.date.available2024-07-22T08:03:49Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractConventional dehairing based on application of huge amount of chemicals is the most polluting process of all leather manufacturing processes. In this study, Subtilisin Carlsberg (SC) was immobilized on magnetic chitosan (mCTS) using two different crosslinkers: 2% glutaraldehyde (GA) and 0.5% genipin (GE). The reaction medium for SC immobilization consisted of 500 mg carrier and 5 ml (1 mg/ml) enzyme solution. Also, the immobilization conditions were pH 8, 25 °C and 2 h incubation period. The hydrolysis activity of immobilized SC has been extensively investigated. The structure and surface morphology of the prepared carriers were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscop (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analyzis (TGA) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). Optimum temperature and pH values of SC activity were found to be 50 °C and pH 8.0, respectively for free and immobilized SC. Higher activity of SC at around pH 8 and 50 °C makes it suitable for industrial applications. Thermal stability of immobilized SC was found greater than free SC. At the end of 4 h of exposure to high temperature, while the immobilized enzyme can maintain its activity around 50%, the free enzyme can maintain around 20%. Enzymatic hair removal from leather skin with SC was carried out as an alternative eco-benign deharing process. In enzymatic hair removal, a softer and smoother skin surface was obtained compared to the chemical method. Leather skins was characterized by SEM images. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
dc.identifier.DOI-ID10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134296
dc.identifier.issn09596526
dc.identifier.urihttp://akademikarsiv.cbu.edu.tr:4000/handle/123456789/12461
dc.language.isoEnglish
dc.publisherElsevier Ltd
dc.subjectEnergy dispersive spectroscopy
dc.subjectEnzyme activity
dc.subjectLeather
dc.subjectMorphology
dc.subjectScanning electron microscopy
dc.subjectThermodynamic stability
dc.subjectDehairing
dc.subjectEco-friendly
dc.subjectHair removal
dc.subjectImmobilisation
dc.subjectITS applications
dc.subjectLeathe skin
dc.subjectLeather manufacturing
dc.subjectLeather processing
dc.subjectScanning electrons
dc.subjectSubtilisin carlsberg
dc.subjectSurface morphology
dc.titleSubtilisin Carlsberg immobilization and its application for eco-friendly leather processing
dc.typeArticle

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