Investigation of histopathological and cytogenetic effects on Lepomis gibbosus (Pisces: Perciformes) in the çine stream (Aydin/Turkey) with determination of water pollution
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Date
2005
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Abstract
Water quality and the distribution of some heavy metals in three different organs of Lepomis gibbosus from the Çine Stream were studied. Also, histopathological changes in gill, liver, and muscle tissue were examined at light microscopical level. Micronucleus (MN) formation in fish erytrocytes, as an indicator of chromosomal damage, has been increasingly used to detect the genotoxic potential of environmental contaminants. The frequency of MN was examined from samples of fish from the Çine Stream and a control group. MN frequency was higher in fish samples caught from the Çine Stream than that in the control group. The chemicals ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, and sulphate were determined as parameters that possibly affect the gill, liver, and muscle morphology. Zn was the most accumulated metal in tissues as well as in water. Maximum metal accumulation occured in both liver and gills. For histopathological examinations, samples of gills, liver, and muscle tissues of L. gibbosus were studied by using light microscopy. In this study, a significant decrease in mean length of primary and secondary lamellae were observed. Moreover, cellular proliferation developed with secondary lamellae fusion, ballooning degenerations or club deformation of secondary lamellae, as well as distribution of necrotic, hyperplastic and clavate secondary lamellae. In the liver, altered staining, swollen and ruptured parenchymal cells, loss of cord structure, reduce of glycogen in hepatocytes, and vacuolar structure filled with cellular debris and many dark particles were seen. In muscle tissue, focal necrosis, cellular dissolution, and a decline or loss of striatation in muscle fibres were found. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Keywords
Animals , Environmental Monitoring , Fish Diseases , Gills , Liver , Metals, Heavy , Micronucleus Tests , Muscles , Mutagens , Perciformes , Rivers , Turkey , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Water Pollution, Chemical , Animalia , Lepomis gibbosus , Perciformes , Pisces , Ammonia , Cells , Contamination , Dissolution , Genetic engineering , Histology , Muscle , Nitrates , Optical microscopy , Pathology , Water pollution , ammonia , glycogen , heavy metal , nitrate , nitrite , phosphate , river water , sulfate , zinc , water pollution , animal tissue , article , bioaccumulation , cell death , cell proliferation , cell vacuole , chromosome analysis , chromosome damage , controlled study , genotoxicity , gill , histopathology , Lepomis gibbosus , liver , liver cell , liver parenchyma , micronucleus , microscopy , muscle , muscle cell , muscle necrosis , nonhuman , Perciformes , priority journal , river , Turkey (republic) , water analysis , water contamination , water pollution , water quality , water sampling , Fish , Histopathology , L. gibbosus , Micronucleus (MN) , Water contamination , Water quality