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Item Relationship between nutrition and ASA-classification in the elderlySakarya, M; Karadag, F; Lüleci, N; Keles, GT; Topçu, I; Erinçler, TObjective: Old age and bad nourishment are risk factors for the postoperative period. In this study, the mini nutritional assessment (MNA) of elderly patients was evaluated before the operation and compared with their ASA-classification. Methods: 215 outpatients (age > 60 years) were included. MNA-score was fixed as follows: MNA 24 - 30 = normal (MNA I); MNA 17-23.5 = risk of malnutrition (MNA II) MNA < 17 = undernourished (MNA III). In addition, the ASA-score of all patients was registered. chi(2)-, Mann-Whitney-U- and correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis. A cut off-value of 24 was fixed for MNA and correlated with the ASA-score. Results: 34,9% of all patients were allocated to MNA II or III, but only 19.9% to ASA III or IV. The sensivity of the ASA-classification for evaluation of the nutritional status was 0.33, selectivity was 0.87, positive predictive value was 0.58 and negative predictive value was 0.70. Conclusion: ASA evaluation is not suitable for assessment of the nutritional status. With regard to typical postoperative complications, the nutritional status of patients should be assessed separately.Item BREAST CONSERVING SURGERY AND ADJUVANT RADIOTHERAPY FOR DUCTAL CARCINOMA INSITU: EXPERIENCE OF EGE UNIVERSITYBölükbasi, Y; Demirci, S; Özsaran, Z; Iscan, G; Çelik, OK; Haydaroglu, A; Aras, APurpose: To evaluate the treatment results of patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) treated with breast conserving surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Between 1991 and 2006, 46 patients were treated in Ege University Faculty of Medicine for DCIS, were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients underwent breast conserving surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Fifty Gy was delivered to whole breast through tangential portals. Boost dose was 10 Gy and it was given by photons in 3 (% 10.7) patients and electrons in 25 (% 89.3) patients. Results: Median age was 48 (range: 16- 66). Of the patients, 45.6% (21) were diagnosed by screening mammography, the others were presented with palpable mass (50%), pain (2.2%) and discharge (2.2%). The most common tumor localization was upper outer quadrant (63%). Comedo histopathology was detected in 7 patients (15.2%). After the surgery, cosmetic evaluation was as follows: 36.8% (14) excellent, 44.8% (17) good, 10.5% (4) satisfactory and 7.9% (3) fair. After radiotherapy cosmetic evaluation was performed at least 6 months after the end of treatment. The scores were found to be excellent in 34.2% (13) patients, good in 47.4% (18), satisfactory in 10.5% (4) and fair in 7.9% (3) patients (p= 0.564). Five and ten years disease free survival and local relaps free survival were 95.3%, 92.7% and 88.2%, 90.1%, respectively. Five and ten years overall survival 100% and for distant metastases free survival, these parameters were 100% and 88.3%, respectively. Conclusion: Partial mastectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy in the treatment of DCIS provides low recurrence rates and optimal cosmesis.Item Grouping of the companies in different scales by fuzzy cluster analysis operating in the Aegean region of KOSGEB (SMEs)Günes, M; Incekirik, AIn recent academic researches and applications, fuzzy clustering theory is used to classify concepts which state uncertainty. In clustering studies, if there is an uncertainty in determining clusters or cluster memberships of some objects, it would be better to use fuzzy clustering approach. Furthermore, Fuzzy Clustering Analysis differ from other statistical analysis as flexible structure, more practical and not based on any assumption. As a result of that, modelling and even copying of many systems with the help of fuzzy systems have been caused considerable development in our lives as well as in scientific field. In this study, considering the all advantages of fuzzy clustering analysis, the companies operating in the Aegean region of KOSGEB with different scales are classified. The data obtained according to the criteria determined by KOSGEB are used. Classification is made by three different scales using fuzzy clustering methods. Fuzzy inference system has been created to provide convenience for applications of fuzzy modelling structure and fuzzy clustering algorithms. For classification analysis in this study were obtained a more flexible model. Also it is intended to provide opportunity of quick analysis and evaluation to researchers and practitioners through a software created using MATLAB.Item Facial and anogenital papillomas in Costello syndrome -human papilloma virus or just hyperproliferation?Cetinarslan, T; Kreuter, A; Silling, S; Meinzer, A; Yenilmez, F; Fölster-Holst, RItem Effectiveness of clonidine and fentanyl addition to bupivacaine in postoperative patient controlled epidural analgesiaTopcu, I; Luleci, N; Tekin, S; Kefi, A; Erincler, TBackground and Objectives: The aim of this prospective randomized double-blinded study was to compare the analgesic and side-effects of bupivacaine in combination with clonidine or fentanyl during patient-controlled-epidural analgesia (PCEA) in the postoperative period after abdominal hysterectomy. Methods: 75 patients from 18 to 65 years of age with ASA status I - II were investigated. After preoperative epidural catheterization, the patients were operated in general anesthesia. After surgery, the patients were randomly allocated to 3 PCEA-groups: Group B 0.125% bupivacaine, Group F 0.125% bupivacaine plus 1 mu g x ml(-1) fentanyl, Group C 0.125% bupivacaine plus 0.75 mu g x ml(-1) clonidine (10 ml loading dose, 5 ml repetitive bolus dose, 10 min lockout time, 30 ml limit within 4h). During the following 24 hours, hemodynamic parameters, pain score using visual analog scale (VAS), total analgesic consumption, additional analgesic requirements, sedation, satisfaction, nausea scores and probable side-effects were evaluated. Results: Total analgesic consumption was not different between Group F and Group C, but lower than in Group B (p < 0.05). Additional analgesic use was not different between the groups. Group F and Group C had lower VAS-scores in 24 hours than Group B (p < 0.05). Hemodynamic and sedation scores of patients were not different. In Group C, incidence of nausea was lower and satisfaction of patients was higher (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Addition of clonidine or fentanyl to local anesthetics for PCEA can reduce the analgetic demand. Epidural clonidine can reduce postoperative nausea and is connected with higher patients' satisfaction.Item Determining the number of kanbans for dynamic production systems: An integrated methodologyUzun Araz, Ö; Araz, C; Eski, ÖJust-in-time (JIT) is a management philosophy that reduces the inventory levels and eliminates manufacturing wastes by producing only the right quantity at the right time. A kanban system is one of the key elements of JIT philosophy. Kanbans are used to authorize production and to control movement of materials in JIT systems. In Kanban systems, the efficiency of the manufacturing system depends on several factors such as number of kanbans, container size etc. Hence, determining the number of kanbans is a critical decision in Kanban systems. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology that can be used in order to determine the number of kanbans in a dynamic production environment. In this methodology, the changes in system state is monitored in real time manner, and the number of the kanbans are dynamically re-arranged. The proposed methodology integrates simulation, neural networks and Mamdani type fuzzy inference system. The methodology is modelled in simulation environment and applied on a hypothetic production system. We also performed several comparisons for different control policies to show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.Item Effects of marinating on different properties of chicken breast meat Treatment of samples with sour cherry, pomegranate, orange, grape or apple juiceObuz, E; Cesur, EThe effects of marination with sour cherry, pomegranate, orange, grape or apple juice oil the chemical and sensory properties of chicken breast meat were investigated. Textural and sensory properties of samples were evaluated. Marination affected (p < 0.05) juiciness, flavour and tenderness of the samples as judged by the sensory panel. The highest juiciness rating was given to samples marinated with sour cherry juice whereas the highest tenderness rating was given to samples marinated with gripe juice. Panelists did not like the flavour of marinated samples and found it to have a foreign taste. Marination had in effect (p < 0.05) oil hardness, springiness and chewiness of the samples as determined by texture profile analysis (TPA). Samples marinated with pomegranate juice had the lowest hardness (highest tenderness) values while those marinated with sour cherry juice had the lowest chewiness (easy to chew) values. No significant correlation coefficients (P > 0.05) Was found between sensory panel values and TPA Values. This can be attributed to the fact that samples having foreign taste were discriminated against by the panelists. Acidic marination was found to be useful for improving eating quality of chicken breast in our study. However, foreign taste imparted by acidic juices needs to be overcome. Using different food flavourings may solve this problem.Item Morphogenesis of the basin of Pasinler (North-East Anatolia)Dayan, EIntramontarious basins are evident in northeast Anatolia. The Erzurum basin-zone, which is named after the biggest city of the region called Erzurum, is a west-cast running morphological depression line nb ZD in the area of Cayirli-Askale-Erzuium-Pasinler and Horasan. The basin of Pasinier is divided from the Erzurum-basin only by a volcanic barrier (Deveboynu gecidi) cast of Erzurum. It raises 2,050 m above sea level. The build-up of this area has been marked by distinct compressing tectonics since the Cenozoic. Seismic activity is mirroring these compressive forces that are a consequence of the collision of the northern and southern plates. This elongated intramontanous basin-zone with its straight-lined west-cast direction shows the same strike like the older subsurface. It broke down inbetween the North-Anatolian ophiolite suite that has been rising since the upper Miocene. The sinking of the intramontanous basin of Pasinler had its beginning as early as the lower Pliocene. The eastern Erzurum basin, namely the basin of Pasinler, has a certain exceptional position between the intramontanous basins. This is due to the fact that limnic sedimentation is still evident in the higher Pliocene, while in contrast for nearly all other basins this is not the case. It even persisted during the Pleistocene. The erosion and outwash processes of the basin of Pasinler are marked by river terraces at least for the younger Pleistocene. The diverse climatic influences with partly different morphodynamics are always showing only modifying effects, This is also the case for the basin of Pasinler. The overall mostly important determining parameters for the formation of the basin are tectonics, rock sequences and lithology. This research is based on fieldwork and excavations in the basin of Pasinler. It was realized by a research project thankworthy supported by the Atatidrk University of Erzurum.Item Functional traits of prebiotic ingredients of meat products Chemical, textural and sensory traits of meatballs containing inulin and oligofructose as prebiotic additivesErgönül, B; Ergönül, PG; Obuz, EIn this Study, inulin and oligofructose were used as prebiotic ingredients in meatball production, and chemical, textural and sensorial attributes of prebiotic meatballs were investigated. Adding inulin or oligofructose at the levels of 2.5% and 5.0%, respectively, to meatballs did not affect (P > 0.05) the chemical and textural attributes of meatball samples. The simple containing 2.5% oligofructose Was given the highest sensory panel results. Adding inulin or oligofructose 10 the formulation did not adversely affect the sensory attributes of the sample.Item Microbiological attributes of kokorech (grilled intestine) and doner samples from street vendorsErgönül, B; Ücok, EF; Ergönül, PGKokorech and doner are popular. traditional cooked meat by-products widely consumed in all regions of Turkey. In this research it was aimed to determine the microbiological attributes of kokorech and dewier samples purchased from street vendors in Manisa city center, Turkey. Total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB), total coliform, fecal coliform, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus (St.) aureus, Listeria (L.) monocytogenes and Samonella (S.) typhimuriurm counts of the samples were determined. As results of the analyses, it was found that TMAB counts of kokorech samples were among the values 3.94 and 7.69 log cfu/g, whereas these values were changing among 3.23 and 5.11 log cfu/g for doner samples. Total coliform bacteria, fecal coliform bacteria, E. coil. St. aureus, L monocytogenes and S. typhimurium counts of (loner samples were all under the limit of 1.0 log cfu/g. Coliform bacteria were determined for 5 kokorech samples, whereas 4 kokorech samples were having fecal coliform bacteria in their microflora. For all kokorech samples St. aureus counts were under the limit of 1.0 log cfu/g. In two kokorech samples L. monocytogenes was enumerated.Item Some hematological values of Peking ducksHatipoglu, S; Bagci, CThis work has been done to investigate physiological values of some hematological parameters of peking ducks. For this purpose 20 healthy peking ducks have been studied. Total red (R.B.C.) and white (W.B.C.) blood cell counts by routine methods in Thoma hemocytometers after diluting with Natt-Herrick solution, packed cell volume (P.C.V. = Htc) by the microhematocrit centrifuge methode, hemoglobin (Hb) by the cyanmethaemoglobin method were carried out. Blood films were stained by Pappenheim's method and the percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes was estimated on a differential count of 200 cells. The mean values have been found as follows: R.B.C. = 3,835 x 10(6)/mm(3), W.B.C. = 15.950/mm(3), Hb = 12 g%, P.C.V. = 36,15%, neutrophils = 62,10%, lymphocytes = 30,95%, basophils = 5,8%, eosinophils = 0,550%, monocytes = 0,6%.