Browsing by Subject "Epithelium"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    Laser therapy in chronic cervicitis
    (2001) Dalgic H.; Kuscu N.K.
    Chronic cervicitis is one of the common disorders encountered in daily practice. To overcome this problem first step should be antibiotic therapy in acute phase. If this fails, the infection becomes chronic and may spread to internal genital organs leading to pelvic inflammatory disease and eventually to infertility. Chronic form of infection may necessitate tissue destruction to prevent the development of dysplasia and neoplasm. Various methods such as electrocautery, loop diathermy, cryotherapy or laser are used to destroy the inflamed area. In this study we present 26 cases of chronic cervicitis managed with Nd-YAG laser with a success rate of 93%. We advice this method to block the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasm.
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    Evaluation of histologic changes in the urinary tract of hypercalciuric rats
    (2006) Akil I.; Kavukçu S.; Inan S.; Yilmaz O.; Atilla P.; Işlekel H.; Neşe N.; Müftüoǧlu S.
    Idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) has been speculated to have a predisposing role in the development of urinary tract infection (UTI), due to the uroepithelial cell damage it leads to. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of hypercalciuria on the bladder, ureters, and kidneys in rats with experimentally induced hypercalciuria. Normocalcemic hypercalciuria was induced by furosemide (60 mg/100 mL of drinking water) administration to 16-week-old male Wistar Albino rats for 14 days. Calciuria (calcium/creatinine ratio, mg/mg, Ca/Cr) increased from 0.07±0.01 at the beginning of administration to 0.41±0.1 on day 14 (p=0.000). The Ca/Cr ratio was 0.14±0.06 at the beginning of the study and 0.25±0.06 on day 14 in the control group rats (p=0.002 vs. the hypercalciuric group rats on day 14). Bladder, ureter, and kidney specimens of the rats, dissected on the 14th day, were fixed in 10% formalin and 2.5% gluteraldehyde solutions for light and electron microscopic examination, respectively. Histopathological and ultrastructural examination of the hypercalciuric rats revealed proliferation and apical cytoplasmic vacuole formation in transitional epithelial cells, mitotic activity in the intermediate cell line, vasodilatation, edema, and separation of collagen fibers in the bladder and ureter specimens. Light microscopic examination of the kidney specimens revealed a lot of erythrocyte in the glomerular capillary lumen, while electron microscopy revealed vacuolization of proximal and distal tubules, tubular degeneration, interstitial edema, and vasodilatation. In this study, hypercalciuria was observed to have adverse effects on the cell architecture of the uroepithelium and disruption of the epithelial barrier of the bladder and ureters and all kidney structures, especially on the proximal epithelial cells. © IPNA 2006.
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    Histologic and morphologic effects of valproic acid and oxcarbazepine on rat uterine and ovarian cells
    (2010) Cansu A.; Erdogan D.; Serdaroglu A.; Take G.; Coskun Z.K.; Gurgen S.G.
    Purpose: To determine the histologic and morphologic effects of valproic acid (VPA) and oxcarbazepine (OXC) on rat uterine and ovarian cells. Methods: Fifty-six female prepubertal Wistar rats (21-24 days old and weighing between 47.5 and 58.1 g) were divided equally into four groups, which were given drinking water (controls), 300 mg/kg/day of VPA, 100 mg/kg/day of OXC or VPA + OXC via gavage, for 90 days. Ovaries and uteri of rats on proestrous and diestrous phases of estrous cycle were extirpated and placed in a fixation solution. The tissue specimens were assessed with apoptosis (TUNEL) staining protocols, eosinophil counting, and electron microscopic techniques. Results: In uteri, apoptosis in stroma, mitochondrial swelling, and cristolysis were observed in the VPA group, and OXC led to negative effects on epithelial cell and intracellular edema. In ovaries, both drugs increased apoptosis and intracytoplasmic edema. Organelle structure disruption was also observed in the OXC group. More conspicuous degenerative modifications were determined in the VPA + OXC group. In uteri, the number of TUNEL-positive luminal epithelial cells was 7.20 ± 1.32 in controls, and significantly increased to 29.60 ± 1.58, 34.20 ± 2.53, and 54.80 ± 2.04 in VPA, OXC, and VPA + OXC groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The highest number of TUNEL-positive glandular epithelium cells was observed in the VPA + OXC group; however, the number of TUNEL-positive stroma cells was highest in the VPA group. The highest number of eosinophils in stroma was in the VPA group. Conclusion: VPA and OXC trigger apoptotic and degenerative effects on rat uterine and ovarian cells. VPA also prevents implantation of embryo to the uterus and causes abortion via endometrial eosinophil infiltration. © 2009 International League Against Epilepsy.
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    The histopathological effect of thymoquinone on experimentally induced rhinosinusitis in rats
    (2011) Cingi C.; Eskiizmir G.; Burukoǧlu D.; Erdoǧmuş N.; Ural A.; Ünlü H.
    Background: Rhinosinusitis is a common disorder and its treatment includes a variety of topical and systemic drugs. This study was designed to determine the histopathological effect of thymoquinone on experimentally induced rhinosinusitis in rats. Methods: Sixty rats were randomly allocated into 3 test and 2 control groups, each of which consisted of 12 animals. The rhinosinusitis model was induced using intranasal application of platelet-activating factor. In test groups, the animals were separated into groups: (1) rhinosinusitis- antibiotherapy, (2) rhinosinusitis-thymoquinone, (3) rhinosinusitis-combination therapy. The positive and negative control groups were defined: rhinosinusitis group without any treatment and the group without rhinosinusitis, respectively. The histopathological features (vascular congestion, inflammation, and epithelial injury) in nasal respiratory and olfactory mucosa of animals were examined and graded according to their severity. A quantitative and statistical analysis of histopathological features was performed. Results: All histopathological features showed statistically significant differences between negative and positive control groups, respectively. Conversely, neither the group with rhinosinusitis-antibiotherapy nor the group with rhinosinusitis- thymoquinone had a statistically significant difference with the negative control group. Moreover, none of the histopathological features showed a statistically significant difference, when the group with rhinosinusitis- antibiotherapy and the group with rhinosinusitis-thymoquinone were compared. A statistically significant difference was not determined when the group with rhinosinusitiscombination therapy was compared with the group with rhinosinusitis-thymoquinone. The histopathological features did not show a statistically significant difference between the group with combination therapy and the negative control Conclusion: Thymoquinone is a promising bioactive agent for the treatment of rhinosinusitis, and its histopathological effect is as equivalent as an antibiotic. Copyright © 2011, OceanSide Publications, Inc.
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    The effect of melatonin on a dorsal skin flap model
    (Informa Healthcare, 2014) Kerem H.; Akdemir O.; Ates U.; Uyanikgil Y.; Sezer E.D.; Bilkay U.; Turgut M.; Sozmen E.; Songur E.
    Background: Melatonin (Mel) has a very potent antioxidant activity, depending mainly on its capacity to act as an electron donor. Recently, the antioxidant property of Mel has been much emphasized. In this study, the dorsal skin flap model was used to investigate the effect of Mel in flap viability in rats. Material and Methods: Totally 28 Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups: control group (C) (n = 7), local treatment group (L) (n = 7), systemic low-dose melatonin treatment group (LT) (n = 7), and systemic high-dose melatonin treatment group (HT) (n = 7). The necrosis rate of the skin flaps was observed seven days after the operation by a blinded observer. Oxidative stress was assessed by determining malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and effects of melatonin on antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were measured. Vascularity, epithelial thickness, and fibroblast proliferation of dorsal skin flaps were assessed histologically. Results: Amount of MDA were found significantly lower (p < .05), and the flap viability, CAT, SOD, vascularity, fibroblast proliferation, and epithelial thickness were found significantly higher (p < .05) in groups HT than in groups C, L, and LT statistically. Conclusion: Our results showed that the usage on different doses of melatonin could play an important role in the process of flap viability and further studies will focus on these areas of interest. © 2014 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.
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    E-cadherin as an epithelial barrier protein in exhaled breath condensate
    (Institute of Physics Publishing, 2014) Yuksel H.; Turkeli A.; Taneli F.; Horasan G.D.; Kanik E.T.; Kizilkaya M.; Gozukara C.; Yilmaz O.
    Airway epithelium plays an important role as a physical barrier and a modulator of allergic response. Junctions between cells provide epithelial integrity and barrier function. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of atopy on airway epithelial integrity in asthma and to measure E-cadherin levels in exhaled breath condensate as an indicator epithelial damage. A total of 74 patients with asthma (35 atopic and 39 non-atopic) and 39 healthy children were enrolled in this case-control study. Sociodemographic characteristics and asthma severity parameters in the last three-month period were recorded and pulmonary function tests were performed. Blood samples were obtained to measure serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and peripheral blood eosinophil count, and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was obtained to measure E-cadherin. EBC E-cadherin levels were significantly lower in the asthmatics when compared to non-atopic controls (0.109 (0.076) versus 0.191 (0.184) ng mL-1 respectively, p = 0.01). Atopic and non-atopic asthmatic groups had lower EBC E-cadherin levels compared to the control group. (0.112 (0.060) ng ml-1, 0.106 (0.089) ng ml-1 and 0.191 (0.184) ng ml-1, p = 0.02 and p < 0.01 respectively). However, EBC E-cadherin levels were not different between atopic and non-atopic asthmatics. The results of our study support the role of E-cadherin in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, the absence of difference in E-cadherin levels between atopic and non-atopic asthmatics suggests that allergic sensitization is not the primary factor for development of epithelial barrier dysfunction in asthma. © 2014 IOP Publishing Ltd.
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    Mucosal trauma induced apoptosis in guinea pig middle ear: Comparision of hemostatic agents
    (Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2014) Eren E.; Başoğlu M.S.; Kulduk E.; Şimsek F.; Inan S.
    Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of the absorbable gelatin sponge (AGS), microporous polysaccharide hemospheres (MPH), and Ankaferd on wound healing after middle ear trauma and to evaluate their ototoxicity in an experimental guinea pig model. Methods: Middle ear mucosal trauma was created in 21 healthy adult guinea pigs. MPH, Ankaferd, and AGS were applied into the right tympanic bulla of the guinea pigs (7 ears for each treatment modality). The left ears of the seven animals were used as the sham group. At the fourth postoperative week (28-30 days), the guinea pigs were decapitated. Apoptosis was investigated, and the expression of Bcl-xl, Apaf, p53, cytochrome 3, and caspase 3 were evaluated. Results: The Ankaferd and AGS groups demonstrated significantly lower epithelial thickness, inflammation, and capillary dilatation than did the control group ( p<. 0.001, <0.001, /0.001, <0.001/, 0.005, and 0.005, respectively). A statistically significant decrease in Bcl-xl staining was observed in the middle ears of animals treated with MPH ( p= 0.003). There was significantly higher caspase 3 expression in the Ankaferd and AGS groups than in the control group ( p<. 0.001 and p= 0.002, respectively). Conclusion: Light microscopy indicates that Ankaferd and AGS create less inflammation and increased caspase expression, which seems to induce inflammatory cell apoptosis. Ankaferd seems to be a promising hemostatic agent in otology. © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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    Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis of the effect of omega-3 on embryonic implantation in an experimental mouse model
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2016) Sarsmaz K.; Goker A.; Micili S.C.; Ergur B.U.; Kuscu N.K.
    Objective: Implantation is the first step to a healthy pregnancy. Omega-3 supplementation is common to use during pregnancy, for its antioxidant and membrane stabilising effect. In this study we have aimed to study the effect of Omega-3 supplementation on implantation in a mouse model by immunohistochemical methods and electron microscopic evaluation. Materials and methods: Mice were randomized into three groups to receive standard food, Omega-3 400 mg/kg and Omega-3 1000 mg/kg one menstrual cycle before mating. Mice were sacrificed on third day of estimated implantation and uterine horns were evaluated immunohistochemically for staining of Laminin and Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) and ultrastructural morphology. Results: Laminin and LIF immunoreactivity were increased signifcantly in the high dose group when compared to the control and low-dose groups in lumen epithelium basal membrane, gland epithelium basal membrane and endometrial stroma. Electron-microscopic evaluation showed a decrease in epithelial height and microvilli loss in the high dose groups. Conclusion: Omega-3 supplementation increased implantation markers Laminin and LIF and decreased epithelial height and microvilli thus seems to prepare the endometrium for a favorable environment of implantation. © 2016.
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    Destiny of airway disease: interplay between epithelial barrier and the innate immune system
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Yüksel H.; Tunca S.
    When the organism encounters a foreign substance, it responds with mutual and regular interactions at different stages of the immune system. In airway diseases, the first encounter is at the epithelial level, where innate immune cells and their responses form the first leg of the protective mechanism. The most important barrier for environmental damage is the epithelial barrier. However, the epithelial barrier is not just a mechanical barrier. The formation of the microbiome on the epithelium and the tolerance or intolerance to environmental factors are vital. This vital balance is maintained between the epithelial surface and the subepithelial innate immune system. This is achieved by the epithelial line, which is a mechanical and functional barrier between them. In this respect, epithelial barrier function preservation has an important role in the development and prognosis of airway disease. © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.