Browsing by Subject "Transcription Factors"

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    Effects of allergen-specific immunotherapy on functions of helper and regulatory t cells in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis
    (2011) Kirmaz C.; Kirgiz O.O.; Bayrak P.; Yilmaz O.; Vatansever S.; Ozbilgin K.; Onur E.; Celik O.; Sogut A.; Ay G.; Yuksel H.
    Background. Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is characterized by a helper T (Th)2 cell-mediated immune response at the target site. There is a relative Th1 and/or regulatory T (Treg) cell insufficiency in patients with SAR. It has been demonstrated that there is a change in the balance between these cells after allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT), which is a curative treatment modality for this disease. However, there are few studies that evaluate the number and function of these cells in the inflammatory area after SIT treatment. Objective.We aimed to investigate the distribution of Th1, Th2 and Treg cells in nasal biopsies and lavage fluid (NLF) specimens from patients with SAR, before and after SIT. Methods. Twenty-four, symptomatic SAR patients sensitized to Olea europeae, were enrolled in the study prior to treatment. Fifteen, non-allergic subjects with nasal septum deviation, who needed surgical treatment, served as the control group. NLF and inferior turbinate biopsies were obtained from both groups during the pollen season. Conventional, subcutaneous SIT with Olea europeae extract was initiated in patients with SAR. One year after the first biopsy, biopsies and NLF specimens were again obtained for reevaluation. All biopsies were evaluated for Th1, Th2 and Treg cell counts by means of their transcription factors (T-bet, GATA-3 and FoxP3) using an immunohistochemical analysis method. Additionally, all NLF specimens were evaluated for the functions of these cells, by means of their specific cytokines, using an ELISA method. Results. When the basal status of those patients with SAR was evaluated based on transcription factors, prior to treatment, Th1 and Treg cells were found to be fewer than in non-allergic controls (p=0.001 for both T-bet and FoxP3). It was demonstrated that numbers of GATA-3-carrying cells, which are a marker for Th2, were not significantly different between the groups (p=0.276), but evaluation of the Th1/Th2 ratio revealed a relative Th2 dominance in patients with SAR prior to treatment. When evaluated on the basis of cytokine levels, it was observed that Th1-originated IFN- was lower in patients with SAR compared to the control group, both before and after treatment (p=0.012 for both comparisons), Th2-originated IL-4 levels were not significantly different between the groups either before or after treatment (p=0.649, p=0.855; respectively). Th2- and Treg cell-originated IL-10 levels were higher in patients with SAR before treatment (p=0.033), but this difference was not statistically signifact following treatment compared with controls (p=0.174). Treg cell-originated TGF-β levels were slightly lower in patients with SAR compared to the controls, although the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.178, p=0.296; respectively). None of the above mentioned cytokine levels changed significantly as a result of SIT. Conclusion. The results of our study indicate that although clinical findings improve after one year of SIT, this duration may not be sufficient to detect changes in cytokine patterns and transcription factors. Further studies that evaluate outcome over a longer duration of treatment would provide valuable information.
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    Regulatory-T, T-helper 1, and T-helper 2 cell differentiation in nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis with olive pollen sensitivity
    (2012) Sogut A.; Yilmaz O.; Kirmaz C.; Ozbilgin K.; Onur E.; Celik O.; Pinar E.; Vatansever S.; Dinc G.; Yuksel H.
    Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease in which T-helper (Th)2 response is predominant and its pathogenic mechanism is still poorly understood. Aim: To evaluate the possible role of Th1, Th2 and regulatory-T (Treg) cells in the pathogenesis of AR. Methods: This case-control study enrolled 41 patients with seasonal AR (10-62 years old), sensitive to olive pollens, and 15 healthy controls (18-60 years old). Nasal biopsy was performed and specimens of nasal lavage fluid were obtained from all participants. The levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were measured in nasal lavage fluid specimens. The expression of FOXP3, GATA-3 and T-bet was measured by immunohistochemical methods in the nasal biopsy specimens. Results: The levels of IFN-γ in the group with AR were significantly lower than those in the control group (p = 0.008). The levels of IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β did not differ between the two groups. The expression of FOXP3 and T-bet in patients with AR was significantly lower than that in the control group (both p = 0.001). Expression of GATA-3 in the nasal mucosa was similar between the groups (p = 0.2). The ratios of T-bet/GATA-3 and FOXP3/GATA-3 in the AR group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Insufficient Treg and Th1 cells may be associated with the allergic inflammation that may be attributed to the Th2 immune response in patients suffering from AR who are sensitive to olive pollen. Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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    Biological effects of tolerable level chronic boron intake on transcription factors
    (Elsevier GmbH, 2017) Orenay Boyacioglu S.; Korkmaz M.; Kahraman E.; Yildirim H.; Bora S.; Ataman O.Y.
    The mechanism of boron effect on human transcription and translation has not been fully understood. In the current study it was aimed to reveal the role of boron on the expression of certain transcription factors that play key roles in many cellular pathways on human subjects chronically exposed to low amounts of boron. The boron concentrations in drinking water samples were 1.57 ± 0.06 mg/l for boron group while the corresponding value for the control group was 0.016 ± 0.002 mg/l. RNA isolation was performed using PAX gene RNA kit on the blood samples from the subjects. The RNA was then reverse transcribed into cDNA and analyzed using the Human Transcription Factors RT2 Profiler™ PCR Arrays. While the boron amount in urine was detected as 3.56 ± 1.47 mg/day in the boron group, it was 0.72 ± 0.30 mg/day in the control group. Daily boron intake of the boron and control groups were calculated to be 6.98 ± 3.39 and 1.18 ± 0.41 mg/day, respectively. The expression levels of the transcription factor genes were compared between the boron and control groups and no statistically significant difference was detected (P > 0.05). The data suggest that boron intake at 6.98 ± 3.39 mg/day, which is the dose at which beneficial effects might be seen, does not result in toxicity at molecular level since the expression levels of transcription factors are not changed. Although boron intake over this level will seem to increase RNA synthesis, further examination of the topic is needed using new molecular epidemiological data. © 2016 Elsevier GmbH
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    Potential role of chromatin remodeling factor genes in atrophic gastritis/gastric cancer risk
    (AVES İbrahim KARA, 2018) Bilgiç F.; Gerçeker E.; Boyacioglu S.Ö.; Kasap E.; Demirci U.; Yildirim H.; Baykan A.R.; Yüceyar H.
    Background/Aims: Atrophic gastritis (AG), intestinal metaplasia (IM), and Helicobacter pylori (HP) are the risk factors for the development of gastric cancer (GC). Chromatin remodeling is one of the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the carcinogenesis of GC. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression profiles of defined chromatin remodeling genes in gastric mucosal samples and their values as gastric carcinogenesis biomarkers. Materials and Methods: In total, 95 patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into 3 groups as: GC group (n=34), AG group (n=36), and control group (n=25). AG group was further divided into subgroups based on the presence of HP and IM in gastric mucosa. Chromatin remodeling gene expressions were analyzed using real-time PCR (RT-PCR) array in all groups. Data were evaluated using the RT-qPCR primer assay data analysis software. Results: EED, CBX3, and MTA1 were more overexpressed, whereas ARID1A, ING5, and CBX7 were more underexpressed in the AG and GC groups compared with the controls. No significant differences were observed between the AG and GC groups concerning the expression of these 6 genes, although the fold change levels of these genes in the GC group were well above than in the AG group. EED, CBX3, and MTA1 were significantly more overexpressed in HP- and IM-positive AG subgroup compared with the HP- or IM-negative AG subgroup. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results provide an evidence of epigenetic alterations in AG. Expressions of EED, CBX3, MTA1, ARID1A, ING5, and CBX7 may be considered as promising markers to be used in GC screening for patients with AG. © Copyright 2018.
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    Adropin and MOTS-c as new peptides: Do levels change in neurodegenerative diseases and ischemic stroke?
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Saçmacı H.; Çakır M.; Özcan S.S.
    Background: Neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (AD, PD), acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and multiple sclerosis (MS) are thought to be deeply affected by changes in the pathophysiological processes of neurons. As new peptides, it was aimed to evaluate the level of adropin and MOTS-c (mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c) and its possible relationship with NSE (neuron-specific enolase) and NF-L (neurofilament light chain) in terms of neuronal interaction. Methods: This study was conducted with 32 patients from each subgroup and group-appropriate controls. Disease identifiers and hemogram/biochemical parameters specific to the groups of participants were obtained. Additionally, plasma adropin, MOTS-c, NSE, and NF-L levels were evaluated by the ELISA method. Results: Plasma adropin levels were decreased in the AD group and decreased in MOTS-c, AIS, and AD groups compared to the control (p < 0.05). Similar values were found in the MS group compared to its control (p > 0.05). In correlation analysis of these markers with laboratory parameters, while platelet and cholesterol levels were negatively correlated with adropin levels; platelet, lymphocyte, and triglyceride levels were positively correlated with MOTS-c (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study provides new information about adropin may be potentially important markers in AD and MOTS-C in AIS and AD. Future studies are needed to examine the relationship between changes in metabolic profiles and these peptides. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.