Browsing by Subject "genetic transcription"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Muscle-specific PPARβ/δ agonism may provide synergistic benefits with life style modifications
    (2007) Erol A.
    Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) has emerged as a powerful metabolic regulator in diverse tissues including fat, skeletal muscle, and the heart. It is now established that activation of PPARβ/δ promotes fatty acid oxidation in several tissues, such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. In muscle, PPARβ/δ appears to act as a central regulator of fatty acid catabolism. PPARβ/δ contents are increased in muscle during physiological situations such as physical exercise or long-term fasting, characterized by increased fatty acid oxidation. Targeted expression of an activated form of PPARβ/δ in skeletal muscle induces a switch to form increased numbers of type I muscle fibers resembling the fiber type transition by endurance training. Activation of PPARβ/δ also enhances mitochondrial capacity and fat oxidation in the skeletal muscle that resembles the effect of regular exercise. Therefore, it is hypothesized that muscle-specific PPARβ/δ agonists could be a key strategy to support the poor cardiorespiratory fitness associated with metabolic disorders. Copyright © 2007 Adnan Erol.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    TRP Channels in Tension-Type Headache: A Pilot Study; [Gerilim Tipi Baş Ağrısında TRP Kanalları: Pilot Çalışma]
    (Turkish Neurosurgical Society, 2021) Gemici Y.İ.; Taşcı İ.; Durmuş K.; Koç A.
    Tension-type headache (TTH) affects many individuals worldwide. Although the exact pathogenesis of TTH remains unclear, central, and peripheral mechanisms are considered to play a role in TTH 1. This pilot study aimed to investigate the role of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the development or chronic inflammation in TTH and to discuss the findings in the light of literature. This pilot study included a patient group comprising three patients with episodic TTH and three patients with chronic TTH (CTTH) aged 18-40 years with no comorbidities and a control group of three patients with no headache. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from all the participants, and both RNA and cDNA were isolated on the same day. The mRNA levels of pain-related TRP channels [TRPA1, TRP vanilloid-1 (TRPV1), TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPM3, and TRPM8] were measured by reverse transcriptase (RT)-quantititave polymerase chain reaction method and were normalized with the levels of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) transcript. Results were analyzed using statistical methods. All three groups were comparable with regard to demographic characteristics. No significant difference was found among the groups with regard to the mRNA levels of the TRP channels normalized by GAPDH, whereas the TRPM8 expression levels were not significantly lower in the CTTH group than in other groups (p=0.066). This study revealed that TRPM8 is likely to have a role in the pathogenesis of TTH, and this role of TRPM8 may be investigated by further studies. © 2021 by Turkish Neurological Society Turkish Journal of Neurology published by Galenos Publishing House.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Ethical dilemmas experienced by midwives working in the delivery room
    (SAGE Publications Ltd, 2022) Türken H.; Çalım S.İ.
    Background: Midwives frequently encounter ethical dilemmas in a critical unit such as a delivery room. Determining these ethical dilemmas is very important to prevent ethical problems and develop an ethical approach. Aim: This study aims to identify the ethical dilemma experiences of midwives working in delivery rooms in Turkey. Research design: This study follows a qualitative phenomenological research design. Participants and research context: The sample comprised 13 midwives with at least two years working experience in delivery rooms, having completed the midwifery program of Manisa Celal Bayar University Health Sciences Institute in the 2017–2018 academic year. Data were collected through audio-recorded semi-structured interviews to reveal their experiences. Content analysis was done using the Nvivo software package program. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and transferred into NVivo for analysis. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval was granted by Manisa Celal Bayar University University Health Sciences Ethics Committee (Date: 16.12.2016 No: 372). Participation in this study was voluntary. Written and verbal consent was gained. These consents include protecting midwives’ privacy, keeping information confidential, and/or allowing the participant to remain anonymous. Findings: Four themes were identified: differences of approach to the birth process, hospital management, communication, and differences in ethical approach. Several factors explained these ethical dilemmas while the midwives adopted different approaches to ethical decision making. Discussion: These midwives experienced various dilemmas while working in the delivery room and are aware of most of them. They also took responsibility in the decision-making process and experienced many intense emotions that they had to cope with. Conclusion: The ethical dilemmas faced by these midwives while working in delivery rooms were mainly caused by hierarchy. Future studies could investigate clarifying job descriptions of midwives, who are authorized to manage normal births under their own responsibility, within the hospital management and the health care team. © The Author(s) 2022.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Need for Hospice Care as a Preferred Environment of Death in Terminal Cancers: A Neglected Research Area in Turkey
    (Routledge, 2023) İşler A.M.; Yıldırım B.
    In the context of end-of-life practices in Turkey, the researchers considered it important to reveal the need for hospice care in Turkey since the number of palliative care units is low and they do not meet the needs, hospice care services are absent, and intensive care units are misused in parallel with these deficiencies. The researchers addressed the subject with a phenomenological qualitative approach. The views of healthcare professionals and patient relatives who cared for terminal cancer patients. In the context of the environment of death preferences were of interest. The study was conducted in the city center of Manisa, one of the 30 metropolitan cities located in the western region of Turkey. Of the 23 participants, 18 were healthcare professionals working in the field of oncology, and five participants were primary caregivers who lost their loved ones with terminal cancer. The caregiver family members were the family members who provided care to the terminal cancer patient with their own means at home and accompanied the patient's treatment process, since there was no hospice care. A semi-structured interview guide was utilized for the in-depth interviews. Data were transcribed by the researchers and coded in MAXQDA 2020, subjected to thematic analysis, and divided into units of meaning. At the final stage of the study, the units of meaning were combined, and four basic themes were revealed: the conceptualization of the environment of death preferences, the problems caused by death in the hospital, the necessity of hospice care, and hospice care for caregivers. The study results demonstrated that hospice care was an essential need in Turkey, and the workload of hospitals would decrease, and hospital resources could be used efficiently in the presence of hospices. At the same time, it was understood that hospices were services making it easier for terminal cancer patients and their caregivers to face death with peaceful expectations. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Transcriptomic analysis of plasma exosomes provides molecular information of response to cabazitaxel treatment in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Vardaki I.; Özcan S.S.; Fonseca P.; Lin S.-H.; Logothetis C.J.; Yachnin J.; Ullen A.; Panaretakis T.
    Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer type and the second most common cancer-related cause of death in men. Cabazitaxel, a next-generation taxane, shows favorable toxicity profile and is effective in docetaxel-resistant tumors. Despite initial responses, in most cases, prostate cancer patients acquire resistance to cabazitaxel. There is a need to identify molecular markers that can monitor and predict treatment response. Methods: We performed transcriptional exosome profiling (Human Transcriptome Array-HTA 2.0) from the plasma of 19 patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer at baseline and in patients after one cycle of cabazitaxel (C1). The patients were stratified in two groups (responders and nonresponders) according to their clinical response to cabazitaxel. Gene set enrichment analysis and ingenuity pathway analysis platforms were used for gene and pathway analysis. Results: We detected molecular differences in the exosomes from two groups of patients (nonresponders vs. responders) at baseline in pathways related to prostate cancer, oncogenic signaling, cytoskeleton, and immune system. In nonresponders, we found enrichment of cytoskeleton related gene (Stathmin-1 and ITSN1) that have been associated with resistance to cabazitaxel. Monitoring of exosomal transcripts after the first cycle of treatment revealed changes in pathways associated with response to treatment. Conclusions: Sequential transcriptional profiling of plasma-derived exosomes reveals differential expression of genes that may reflect resistance to cabazitaxel treatment and therapy response. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.