Synthesis and Characterization of Barium Titanate Nanopowders by Pechini Process
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Date
2020
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Abstract
Barium titanate (BaTiO3) is the first known ferroelectric ceramics and a suitable candidate for variousapplications due to its unique dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. It is well known thatBaTiO3 powder features strongly depend on the synthesis route and heat-treatment conditions. In thepresent study, BaTiO3 nanoparticles have been synthesized via the Pechini method, using barium acetateand an aqueous solution of titanium(IV) (triethanolaminato) isopropoxide. The starting materials arestable in an aqueous environment, and BaTiO3 can be efficiently prepared at an industrial scale. Thestructural properties of BaTiO3 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rietveld refinement,scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), thermogravimetricanalysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). XRD and Rietveld refinementstudies revealed that BaTiO3 has a cubic structure with a space group of Pm-3m (#221). As estimatedby the Scherrer formula, the average crystallite size was accurately determined to be 51.9 nm for thecalcined temperature at 800ºC. The SEM micrographs of powder showed that the BaTiO3 grains areround-shaped, and the average grain size is observed about 40-90 nm.