Effects of adipose and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on vaginal atrophy in a rat menopause model
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2019
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Abstract
Background & objectives: Vaginal atrophy is characterized by thinning of vaginal epithelial layers and decreased local blood flow. We aimed to evaluate the regenerative effects of Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) and Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMDSC) on vaginal atrophy in rat menopause model. Materials and methods: Rats were randomly divided into 4 (four) groups: sham, control, ADMSC, BMDSC. Vaginal epithelial thickness, structure of the lamina propria, blood vessels in the lamina propria, collagen deposition, and muscle structure were evaluated. Anti ER α, VEGF, VEGFR 1, Bax and bcl-2 antibodies were analyzed. Beta actin gene was used as endogenous control. Genetical differences among the groups were compared by using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U test. p < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: Epithelial thickness of ADMSC group was higher than control group, but less than sham group Epithelial thickness of BMDSC group was less than sham group. Lamina propria and muscle tissue of ADMSC and BMDSC groups were found to be similar to sham group. VEGFR-1, VEGF, Bax and ER-α staining levels were higher in ADMSC and BMDSC groups than control group. ADMSC group stained stronger with VEGFR-1 and VEGF than BMDSC group. Bcl-2 staining level was increased in ADMSC applied group. No statistically significant difference was detected in Bax and Bcl-2 genes and Bax-/Bcl-2 ratio. Conclusions: Although genetic expression might have ended and could not be significantly demonstrated, histological and immunohistochemical results favor ADMSC application in vaginal atrophy rather than BMDSC. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
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Adipose Tissue , Animals , Atrophy , bcl-2-Associated X Protein , Biomarkers , Bone Marrow Cells , Cells, Cultured , Disease Models, Animal , Estrogen Receptor alpha , Female , Humans , Menopause , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Rats , Vagina , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 , beta actin , estrogen receptor alpha , protein Bax , protein bcl 2 , vasculotropin , vasculotropin receptor 1 , Bax protein, mouse , biological marker , estrogen receptor alpha , protein Bax , vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse , vasculotropin A , vasculotropin receptor 1 , adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell , adipose tissue cell , animal cell , animal experiment , animal model , animal tissue , Article , Bax gene , Bcl 2 gene , beta actin gene , blood vessel , bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell , collagen metabolism , controlled study , female , gene expression , histopathology , immunohistochemistry , lamina propria , menopause , mesenchymal stem cell , muscle tissue , nonhuman , priority journal , rat , rat model , vagina atrophy , vagina epithelium , Wistar rat , adipose tissue , animal , atrophy , bone marrow cell , cell culture , cytology , disease model , human , menopause , mesenchymal stem cell , mesenchymal stem cell transplantation , metabolism , pathology , physiology , procedures , vagina