Glucagon-like peptide-1: Review; [Glukagon like peptid-1]
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Date
2007
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Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30 amino-acid hormone produced by the pancreatic islet alpha cells, intestinal-L cells and central nervous sytem cells. The main target of action of GLP-1 is the islet, where the hormone stimulates insulin secretion, promotes beta cell proliferation and neogenesis, and inhibits glucagon secretion. However, GLP-1 receptors are also expressed outside the islets, increasing the likelihood that GLP-1 also plays a role in other organs. These functions are mainly the inhibition of gastric emptying, gastric acid secretion and exocrine pancreatic secretion, indicating that the hormone acts as an enterogastrone hormone released from the distal portion of the small intestine that inhibits proximal gastrointestinal events. Another important action of GLP-1 is to induce satiety. Other effects of the hormone include cardioprotection, neuroprotection, induction of antidiabetic actions unrelated to islet function. Thus, GLP-1 clearly has several manifestations of activity. The physiological relevance of these actions and their contribution to the overall antidiabetic action of GLP-1 when used in treatment of type 2 diabetes remains to be established. Copyright © 2007 by Türkiye Klinikleri.
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6 [[2 [[2 (2 cyano 1 pyrrolidinyl) 2 oxoethyl]amino]ethyl]amino]nicotinonitrile , cjc 1131 , dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor , exendin 4 , glucagon , glucagon like peptide 1 , hemoglobin A1c , insulin , liraglutide , metformin , placebo , sulfonylurea , vildagliptin , Alzheimer disease , cardiovascular system , diabetes control , diabetes mellitus , gastrointestinal tract , glucagon release , heart protection , hormone action , hormone release , human , insulin release , neuroprotection , non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus , oxidative stress , pancreas islet alpha cell , pancreas islet beta cell , review , stomach acid secretion , stomach emptying