Effect of portal vein occlusion on the pancreas: An experimental model
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2006
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Abstract
Background: The effects of portal vein occlusion on the pancreas are not clearly understood. Therefore, we studied histomorphological changes induced in the rat pancreas by various periods of portal vein occlusion. Materials and methods: Sixty female Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated into four groups of 15 each. In Group I (control), rats underwent sham laparotomy to expose the portal vein proximal to its bifurcation. In Groups II-IV, rats underwent laparotomy followed by portal vein occlusion by clamping for 15, 30, and 60 minutes respectively. The pancreas was removed immediately after sham laparotomy in Group I and immediately after clamp release in Groups II-IV. Pancreatic tissue specimens were subjected to histochemical analysis for cell typing and diagnosis, immunohistochemical analysis for identification of the inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and inducible NOS (iNOS), and TUNEL analysis was carried out for identification of apoptotic cells. Results: Histochemistry revealed signs of inflammation in pancreatic tissue from rats subjected to portal vein occlusion. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β and the oxidative damage indicator iNOS in rat pancreatic tissue increased progressively with the duration of portal vein occlusion. TUNEL assay revealed no signs of apoptosis in any of the groups. Conclusion: We conclude that portal vein occlusion triggers an inflammatory response in the pancreas that worsens the longer the occlusion lasts. © 2006 by the Société Internationale de Chirurgie.
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Animals , Apoptosis , Constriction, Pathologic , Female , Immunohistochemistry , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Interleukin-1beta , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III , Pancreas , Pancreatitis , Portal Vein , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , cytokine , endothelial nitric oxide synthase , inducible nitric oxide synthase , interleukin 1beta , tumor necrosis factor alpha , acute pancreatitis , animal experiment , animal model , animal tissue , apoptosis , article , cell type , controlled study , cytokine production , female , histochemistry , histopathology , immunohistochemistry , inflammation , laparotomy , nick end labeling , nonhuman , oxidative stress , pancreas , portal vein obstruction , randomization , rat , sham feeding , tissue section