Fatty acid composition of Opuntia ficus - indica seed oil control angiogenic activity in colon carcinoma cell lines
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Opuntia cus-indica belongs to the family Cactaceae that particularly rich in unsaturated fatty acids. The aim of this study was to investigate the composition and in vitro anti-angiogenic activity of spiny and thornless Opuntia ficus-indica seed (CPS) oils. Spiny and thornless CPS oils were obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction and analyzed by GC-MS. Cell growth and cytotoxicity were measured with MTT assay with different concentrations of spiny and thornless CPS oils in Colo-320 and Colo-741 cell lines. Anti-angiogenic activity of CPS oils were investigated by immunocytochemistry using antibodies directed against to Flt-1, Flk-1, eNOS, iNOS, IL-6, PGE(2), TNF-alpha and VEGF. Oleic acid (17.6%; 15.6%), linoleic acid (55.9%; 60.1%), palmitic acid (12.4%; 12.34), elaidic acid (4%; 4.1%) were determined as the major compounds of spiny and thornless CPS oils, respectively. In the MTT assay, 1:16 dilution spiny CPS oil was found to be active against Colo-320 and Colo-741 cells for 48h incubation. Also, 1:8 and 1:16 dilutions of thornless CPS oil were more effective at inhibiting Colo-320 and Colo-741 for 48 h, respectively.We conclude that spiny CPS oil decreased signaling molecules which play in PGE2 mediated and VEGF-dependent angiogenesis. Interestingly, thornless CPS oil increased angiogenesis thought signaling molecules in colon cancer cells.