Asymmetric Dimethyl Arginine and Oxidant/Antioxidant Level in Preeclamptic Mothers and Their Babies
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Date
2023
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Abstract
Aim: It is thought that asymmetric dimethyl arginine(ADMA) level is significantly higher in pregnant women with preeclampsia compared to healthy pregnant women, ADMA elevation develops before the clinical signs of preeclampsia, and ADMA plays a role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether serum ADMA, total nitrite and nitrate (NOx), arginine and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and levels in placenta samples taken from healthy and preeclamptic pregnant women and their babies are associated with preeclampsia, whether preeclampsia can be detected beforehand with these markers, and whether possible problems that may develop in the mother and baby can be prevented as a result. Material and Methods: 62 pregnant women and their babies who were followed up in Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University obstetrics service are divided two groups; 31 preeclamptic pregnant and babies (Group I), formed Patient group; 31 pregnant and babies without preeclampsia (Group II), formed Control Group. Blood samples were obtained from mothers before birth, from the cord during birth, from babies in first 24 hours after birth and placenta samples were obtained from each pregnant to evaluate in the study. Age, weight, initial pregnancy state, pregnancy period, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels of mothers with and without pre-eclampsia diagnosis, while birth weights, genders, problems and complications during treatment process, clinic and laboratory properties, prognosis, ADMA, arginine, NOx and TAC levels of babies were examined in this study. Results: There was no significant difference between two groups about antenatal factors that effect on prognosis. In the comparison of blood values, ADMA level of preeclamptic group was significantly higher (p<0.001) while arginine value was significantly lower (p=0.001) than control group, there was no significant difference in NOx level and TAC between two groups. In the evaluation of cord ADMA level of preeclamptic group was significantly higher (p=0.001) while nitric oxide value was significantly lower (p=0.017) than control group and there was no significant difference in arginine and TAC. Values which are studied in placenta samples showed that ADMA and arginine values were significantly high (p<0.001) total antioxidant capacity level was low (p=0.004) in placenta of preeclamptic group. There was no difference in NOx value of two groups. In the consideration of data of babies, mean pregnancy weeks and genders were similar. Against the values of samples from mother, cord and placenta, when baby blood was compared, ADMA value of control group was significantly high (p=0.009) while arginine value of preeclamptic group was significantly high (p=0.041) and there was no difference between two groups about their NOx and TAC. Conclusion: In this study, it is determined that serum ADMA level of preeclamptic mother group increases in accordance with literature values. This study does not support the decrease of nitric oxide synthesis thesis in preeclamptic patients as mentioned in literature. To determine the women with the high risk in the early period, the asymmetric dimethyl arginine may be used as the new risk decisive.