ANALYTICAL HIERARCH PROCESS BASED TEMPORARY SHELTER SITE SELECTION FOR POST-DISASTER EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
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Date
2021
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Abstract
Purpose: Disasters are natural events that humanity can encounter at unexpected times. The unexpected occurrence of these natural events can bring with it many disasters. Undoubtedly, the way to get rid of this situation with the least damage after a disaster is to take precautions beforehand. Knowing the actions to be taken after an earthquake can allow the earthquake to end with the least loss of life. The selection of temporary shelter areas to be created after the disaster is one of the most important steps to meet the shelter and needs of people after the disaster. The selection of the temporary accommodation area may depend on many different criteria. Therefore, the selection of alternative temporary accommodation can be defined as a multi-criteria decision-making problem. This study aims to make an application on the selection of temporary shelter after a possible disaster and to decide on the most suitable alternative location. Method: In the study, the analytical hierarchy process which is a multi-criteria decision-making method was used to solve the problem. In this method, pairwise comparisons of the criteria determined by the decision- makers are made. In addition, comparisons are made between each criterion and alternative, allowing the selection of the most appropriate alternative. This method was used in this study due to little information and uncomplicated processing steps. Findings: In the study, the most suitable temporary shelter site was selected. Six different criteria were taken into account in this selection process (shelter size, distance to health centers, distance to city center, infrastructure, distance to social areas, and accessibility). Three different locations that meet these criteria have been identified as the most suitable. According to these determined criteria, the three most suitable positions were evaluated according to the analytical hierarchy process method. According to the findings, it was seen that the criterion of shelter size had the highest weight. In the evaluations made among the alternative locations, it was seen that the third alternative location was the most suitable place as a temporary shelter site. Originality: In this study, the process of evaluating temporary shelter alternatives after a disaster is discussed. There are authorized boards for post-disaster interventions in our country. These boards are directly responsible for taking measures in case of natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods that occur suddenly both in provinces and districts. Therefore, thanks to this study, these committees will be able to determine scientifically alternative positions and ensure that people's lives are saved quickly in case of a possible disaster. In other words, this study is an exemplary study that can be applied in all provinces and districts in case of a possible disaster.