Effects of different holding types and times on quality attributes of oil obtained from olives belonging to Akhisar Region, Turkey
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Introduction. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of different holding types and times on quality attributes of oil obtained by extraction using Abencor system. Materials and methods. Edremit and Uslu types of olives which are widely grown in the region of Akhisar, constitute the main material of the study. These two kinds of olives were filled into plastic boxes or nylon sacks. After waiting for 0, 7, 14, 21 days, oils were extracted by using Abencor system. Free fatty acid, peroxide value, UV absorption values (at 232 and 270 nm), the amount of total phenol, refractive index, the amount of total chlorphyll and carotenoid contents, fatty acid composition and color values were determined in olive oil samples. Oxidative stabilities and sensorial properties of olive oils were also examined. Results and discussion. The results indicated that loss in quality of the samples, especially the Uslu variety, holded in sacks. Total phenol content of olive oils were decreased excessively during the holding time for both types of samples. Although the majority of the chemical parameters fell within the limits established by the Legislation. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents ranged, respectively from 0.7 to 8.69 mg/kg and from 0.7 to 3.44 mg/kg for Edremit olive oil and from 0.93 to 2.17 mg/kg and from 0.96 to 1.49 mg/kg. Oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), palmitic (C16:0) and stearic (C18:0) acids found as predominant fatty acids in all samples. Oil samples obtained from Edremit variety on the first day of holding and the 7th day of the holding period in sack were classified as extra virgin olive oil. Also oil obtained from Uslu variety on the first day of the holding period showed the caracteristics of extra virgin olive oil according to the sensorial properties. Whereas other samples were classified as virgin olive oil. The initial Induction Period (IP) of Edremit and Uslu olive oils were 3.9 and 3.8 h. For Uslu variety, it was observed a decrease during holding period at each holding types until 21 th day. For Edremit variety, it was not observed a significant decrease during holding period. Conclusion. According to the results, the chemical parameters analysed in the different samples are within the limits established by the legislation, but vary during the holding period and according to the variety.