Life and Activities of the White Russian Refugees in Anatolia in the Light of Some Russian and Turkish Sources
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Following the Revolution of 1917, during and after the Russian Civil War fought between the Reds and the Whites, many Russians, who were called White Russians or Wrangel Refugees, escaped from Russia and came to the Ottoman Empire in 1919 and 1920. In Turkey, there have been many studies on Russian Refugees. Most of these studies deal with Russian refugees in Istanbul, their lives in this city and their contribution to social, economic and cultural life in Istanbul. Many others cover the White Russian Army in Gallipoli. Some of these studies mention that there were also some Russian refugees in Anatolia. Especially one study gives short information on where and how Russian refugees lived in Anatolian cities. But even this study fails to give detailed information. Based on some Russian diaries and reports from GARF and Ottoman/Turkish archival documents from ATASE and BCA, this paper aims to present a general picture of lives of Russian refugees in Anatolia.