The effect of racemic gossypol and AT-101 on angiogenic profile of OVCAR-3 cells: A preliminary molecular framework for gossypol enantiomers

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dc.contributor.authorVarol U.
dc.contributor.authorKaraca B.
dc.contributor.authorTunali D.
dc.contributor.authorDegirmenci M.
dc.contributor.authorCirak Y.
dc.contributor.authorPurcu D.U.
dc.contributor.authorUzunoglu S.
dc.contributor.authorSezgin C.
dc.contributor.authorKarabulut B.
dc.contributor.authorSanli U.A.
dc.contributor.authorUslu R.
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-10T11:16:01Z
dc.date.available2025-04-10T11:16:01Z
dc.date.issued2009
dc.description.abstractAim: To compare the effect of racemic gossypol with its (-)/(-) enantiomer (AT-101) on expression profiles of angiogenic molecules by mRNA levels in human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3. Methods: Cell viability assay (2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide) was used to detect cytotoxicity of gossypol enantiomers. DNA fragmentation by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay was used to evaluate the rate of apoptosis. The mRNA expression levels of angiogenic molecules were investigated by Human Angiogenesis RT2 Profiler™ PCR Array (SuperArray, Frederick, MD). Results: Both racemic form and AT-101 resulted in a significant cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis. This effect was observed in a dose- and time dependent manner. However, AT-101 was much more potent. In addition, the treatment of 10 μM of racemic gossypol alone and 3 μM of AT-101 alone resulted in significant down-regulation (≥ 3 fold) in mRNA levels of some pivotal angiogenic molecules in OVCAR-3, but altered gene profiles were different by the treatment of each enantiomer. Conclusion: The efficacy of two gossypol enantiomers in OVCAR-3 cells showed distinction. AT-101 was much more potent than racemic gossypol, not only by means of cell death and apoptosis, but also by modulation of angiogenic molecules released from OVCAR-3 cells. Further studies with endothelial cells should be done to verify the anti-angiogenic effect of gossypol enantiomers in cancer treatment.
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14701/51484
dc.titleThe effect of racemic gossypol and AT-101 on angiogenic profile of OVCAR-3 cells: A preliminary molecular framework for gossypol enantiomers
dc.typeArticle

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