Hepatorenal syndrome; [Hepatorenal sendrom]
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Date
2004
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Abstract
Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is the development of renal dysfunction in patients with severe acute or chronic liver diseases in the absence of any other identifiable causes of renal pathology. Many aspects of HRS are therefore still poorly understood. Renal and systemic vasoconstriction could be due to amplified splanchnic reduced vascular - resistance and vasodilatation resulting from portal hypertension and cirrhosis appear to be primary factors in pathogenesis. Sodium retention, impaired free-water excretion, decreased GFR and renal perfusion due to renal vasoconstriction are the main renal function abnormalities in cirrhosis. The onset of each abnormality differs in time and follows a progressive course. The aim of the current article is to provide an updated review of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, clinical features, and therapy of HRS.