Neuroprotective Effects of Levosimendan on the NB2a Mouse Neuroblastoma Cell Culture
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Date
2020
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Abstract
Objective: Levosimendan (LVS) inhibits phosphodiestherase III and opens the ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP). It is cardioprotective due to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatuary, inotropic and vasodilatatory effects. The use of LVS is prefered in patients who have decreased ejection fraction during cardiac surgery. Therefore it has been reported that LVS protects neurons indirectly. Hovewer, its direct effects on neurons have not been known yet. We examined direct neuroprotective effects of LVS using neuroblastoma cell line of mouse origin (NB2a) in culture where drug interaction with cells occurs. Method: To this end, the neuroprotective effects of LVS (0,1, 0,3, 1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 µM) have been tested for its direct toxic effects by TUNEL method for apoptosis and by MTT for cell viability. We also examined moderate and chronic toxic effect of LSV by measure neurite outgrowth. Results: LVS didn’t effect the cellular proliferation negatively. The number of apoptotic cells didn’t differ from the number of control cells (p>0.05). Additionally, any moderate neurotoxic effects were not seen in all concentrations of NST which did not inhibit neurite outgrowth. Moreover, LVS at 1 µM concentration significantly increased the lengh of neurite showing clearly its neuroprotective and functional effects. Conclusion: These direct neuroprotective effects of LVS in culture might be important for clinical use. LVS can be used securely in patients that have a risk for a brain injury due to the nature of disease, trauma or the procedure itself