Geometric Analysis of Mass Formation and Proportions in Combined Function Buildings in Anatolian Seljuk Architecture; [Anadolu Selçuklu Mimarisinde Birleşik Işlevli Yapılarda Kütle Biçimlenişinin ve Oranlarının Geometrik Analizi]
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Date
2024
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Abstract
Throughout the Anatolian Seljuk Period, numerous examples of buildings with combined functions were built. The precise proportions or design decisions that underlie the division of various functional masses in combined-function buildings are unknown. The purpose of this study is to determine whether geometric and proportional relationships are used in the process of combining multiple functional masses. Geometric analyses of the combined-function buildings in plan and section drawings were carried out to determine the proportions and rules established in the combination of masses with each other. Geometric analyses include analyses of the special triangles, golden ratio, and module systems on the section and plan drawings of the buildings. The investigation revealed that the golden rectangle determined the proportional relations between various masses in the plans. In contrast, the modular system or golden rectangle determined the proportional relations in the sections. Formal relations were only defined in the sections by special triangles. The identification of mass proportions by a golden rectangle represented that one of the main parameters considered in the design of Seljuk buildings is the golden ratio. Achieving a formal and proportionate balance, particularly between masses and critical architectural and structural elements such as portals and cones, was essential in their design process. This focus on geometry enriches our understanding of architectural history and plays a crucial role in the preservation efforts of historical edifices. The insights gained from studying the application of the golden ratio in Seljuk architecture can significantly benefit scholarly research and practical conservation methods. © 2024 Istanbul University Press. All rights reserved.