Comparison of nephron-protective effects of enalapril and glp analogues (exenatide) in diabetic nephropathy
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Date
2014
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Abstract
Background: One of the major concerns is a nephropathy in diabetes, which applies many different kinds of medicines. However, required level of the treatment of renal disease has not been achieved. Aim: To investigate and compare the effect of the enalapril and the exenatide on diabetic nephropathy in rats developed diabetes by streptozosin. Material and Methods: 32 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: (1) Control, (2) Diabetic (DM), (3) DM+ Enalapril, and (4) DM+ exenatide groups. Then, the animals were euthanized and their blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for blood glucose; blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinin, and nephrectomy were performed for histopathologic examination, and urine samples were taken on stick for proteinuria. Results: Administration of the enalapril or the exenatide in diabetic rats resulted in a significant reduction both fibronectin, induced nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) expression in glomerular area and urine protein levels. It was shown that both of enalapril and exenatide protected the renal glomerulus more than diabetic group in the nephropathy histopathologically. Conclusion: The beneficial effects of enalapril and exenatide which reduces fibronectin, i-NOS expression and urine protein levels or increases recovery of glomerules, might be used for preventing the harmful effects of diabetic nephropathy. © 2014 Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart New York.
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Animals , Antihypertensive Agents , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Diabetic Nephropathies , Enalapril , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic , Hypoglycemic Agents , Male , Nephrons , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II , Peptides , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Venoms , creatinine , enalapril , exendin 4 , fibronectin , glucagon like peptide 1 , glucose , inducible nitric oxide synthase , servier , unclassified drug , antidiabetic agent , antihypertensive agent , enalapril , exendin 4 , inducible nitric oxide synthase , Nos2 protein, rat , peptide , venom , analytical equipment , animal experiment , animal model , animal tissue , article , autoanalyzer , brush border , comparative study , controlled study , creatinine blood level , diabetic nephropathy , dilatation , dissociation , drug effect , glomerular structure , glomerulus , glucose blood level , histopathology , immunity , immunohistochemistry , immunoreactivity , investigative procedures , kidney parenchyma , kidney tubule epithelium , male , nephrectomy , nonhuman , priority journal , protein depletion , protein determination , protein expression , protein urine level , proteinuria , rat , renal protection , treatment response , tubular dilatation , urea nitrogen blood level , urinalysis , urine dipstick , animal , biosynthesis , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Diabetic Nephropathies , drug effects , gene expression regulation , metabolism , nephron , pathology , Sprague Dawley rat